Distribution diversity and expression regulation of class 1 integron promoters in clinical isolates of .

Background: is an emerging nosocomial opportunistic pathogen with increasing multidrug resistance. Antibiotic resistance, driven primarily by the horizontal transfer of resistance genes, has become a global health crisis. Integrons, mobile genetic elements, are now understood to facilitate the transfer of these genes, contributing to the rapid proliferation of resistant strains.

Analysis of the Association Between Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Virulence Factors in ST11 and Non-ST11 CR-KP Bloodstream Infections in the Intensive Care Unit.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors in ST11 and non-ST11 types of CR-KP in bloodstream infections in the intensive care unit, providing a theoretical basis for infection control and clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: From January 2021 to June 2023, samples of from bloodstream infections were collected at our hospital, focusing on those resistant to carbapenems. The resistance genes, housekeeping genes, and virulence genes were identified through PCR and analyzed using the GrapeTree software to perform MLST-based minimum spanning tree typing.

Molecular characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms of KPC-3 producing hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant (ST23-K1).

Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant (CR-hvKP) in the Ningbo region. Importantly, we sought to elucidate its molecular characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms. This information will provide evidence-based insights for preventing and controlling nosocomial infections and facilitate improved clinical diagnosis and treatment in this region.

Molecular Characteristics of Virulence Genes in Carbapenem-Resistant and Carbapenem-Sensitive in Relation to Different Capsule Serotypes in Ningbo, China.

Background: (KP) is a common nosocomial pathogen. Capsules are an important component of KP's virulence, among which the K1, K2, K5, K20, K54, and K57 serotypes are predominant and exhibit varying degrees of virulence.

Methods: The capsule and virulence genes of 150 carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) and 213 carbapenem-sensitive (CSKP) isolates were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Differences in molecular characteristics and expression of virulence genes in carbapenem-resistant and sensitive isolates in Ningbo, China.

Background: In recent years, has attracted attention because of its increasing drug resistance. At the same time, the migration and pathogenicity caused by its virulence genes also bring many difficulties to the diagnosis and treatment of clinical infections. However, it is currently unclear whether there are differences in virulence and pathogenicity with changes in drug resistance.

Convergence of plasmid-mediated Colistin and Tigecycline resistance in .

Objective: The co-occurrence of colistin and tigecycline resistance genes in poses a serious public health problem. This study aimed to characterize a strain, K82, co-harboring a colistin resistance gene (CoRG) and tigecycline resistance gene (TRG), and, importantly, investigate the genetic characteristics of the plasmid with CoRG or TRG in GenBank.

Methods: strain K82 was subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation assay, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS).

Neglected vitamin K deficiency causing coagulation dysfunction in an older patient with pneumonia: a case report.

Background: The development of coagulation disorders can be dangerous and fatal in the older people, especially those with multiple medical conditions. Vitamin K-dependent coagulation disorders are easily overlooked when anticoagulant drugs are not used and the patient shows no signs of bleeding.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 71-year-old male suffering from pulmonary infection with severe coagulation disorder without bleeding symptoms.

Distribution and Molecular Characterization of Functional Class 2 Integrons in Clinical Isolates.

Background: Integrons are the main mode of horizontal transmission of drug-resistance genes and are closely related to drug resistance in clinical bacteria. In this study, the distributions of class 1, 2, and 3 integron gene cassettes were investigated in 150 () isolates from patients, and molecular characterization of functional class 2 integrons was further analyzed.

Methods: Class 1, 2, and 3 integrons were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 150 clinical isolates.

Performance measurement for green supplier selection based on data envelopment analysis.

With increasing global awareness of sustainable development and environmental protection, the importance of green supplier selection has become widely recognized. Recently, more and more literature focus on the green supplier selection issue and measurement of supplier performance; the measurement indicators mainly defined two sets of criteria, including management criteria and green criteria. A novel methodology based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been developed, which is effective for solving multi-criteria decision problems in supplier selection and evaluating the performance of a set of homogeneous decision-making units (DMUs).

Next generation of anti-PD-L1 Atezolizumab with enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in vivo.

FDA-approved anti-PD-L1 antibody drug Atezolizumab is a human IgG1 without glycosylation by an N297A mutation. Aglycosylation of IgG1 has been used to completely remove the unwanted Fc-mediated functions such as antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC). However, aglycosylated Atezolizumab is very unstable and easy to form aggregation, which causes quick development of anti-drug antibody (ADA) in 41% of Atezolizumab-treated cancer patients, eventually leading to loss of efficacy.

Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike S1-Fc fusion protein induced high levels of neutralizing responses in nonhuman primates.

The COVID-19 outbreak has become a global pandemic responsible for over 2,000,000 confirmed cases and over 126,000 deaths worldwide. In this study, we examined the immunogenicity of CHO-expressed recombinant SARS-CoV-2 S1-Fc fusion protein in mice, rabbits, and monkeys as a potential candidate for a COVID-19 vaccine. We demonstrate that the S1-Fc fusion protein is extremely immunogenic, as evidenced by strong antibody titers observed by day 7.

Screen Identifies as a Critical Regulator of Germinal Center B Cell Differentiation.

Germinal center (GC) B cell differentiation is critical for the production of affinity-matured pathogen-specific antibodies, the dysregulation of which may lead to humoral immunodeficiency or autoimmunity. The development of an screening system for factors regulating GC B cell differentiation has been a challenge. Here we describe a small-scale screening system with NP-specific B1-8 cells and a retroviral shRNA library targeting 78 candidate genes to search for B cell-intrinsic factors that specifically regulate GC B cell differentiation.

Rational design of peptides for identification of linear epitopes and generation of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against DKK2 for cancer therapy.

Dickkopf-related protein 2 (DKK2)is a member of the Dickkopf family in Wnt signaling pathway. Recently, we found that antibodies against DKK2 could activate natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T cells in tumors and inhibit tumor growth. In this paper, we report the rational design of peptides for identification of linear epitopes and generation of neutralizing monoclonal anti-DKK2 antibodies.

Early Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Antibodies as a Serologic Marker of Infection in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Background: Thousands of medical staff have been infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), with hundreds of deaths reported. Such loss could be prevented if there were a serologic assay for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies for serological surveillance of its infection at the early stage of disease.

Methods: Using Chinese hamster ovarian (CHO) cell-expressed full-length SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein as capturing antigen, a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)/SARS-CoV-2 S1 serology enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was developed and validated with negative samples collected prior to the outbreak or during the outbreak and positive samples from patients confirmed with COVID-19.

Novel strategy for expression and characterization of rabies virus glycoprotein.

Rabies is a fatal zoonosis which could affect all mammals. Glycoprotein (G protein) from the rabies virus plays an important role in the binding of virus to target cells. However, expression of the G protein with native conformation has been a great challenge for many years.

Rabies virus glycoprotein serology ELISA for measurement of neutralizing antibodies in sera of vaccinated human subjects.

Background: Vaccination provides protection against infection by inducing VNAs mainly against RABV surface GP. The measurement of VNAs to RABV is commonly used to assess the level of immunity in humans and animals after vaccination. A VNA titer of  ≥ 0.

Expression, purification and characterization of the plant Snf1-related protein kinase 1 from Escherichia coli.

The SnRK1 (SNF1 related protein kinase 1), a plant homologue of SNF1 (Sucrose non-fermenting 1)/AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), is an important metabolic sensor involving in catabolic and anabolic processes. SnRK1 is essential for plant metabolism regulation and response to environmental stresses. The plant SnRK1 consists of one catalytic (α1/α2 subunit) and two regulatory subunits (β1/β2/β3 and γ/βγ subunits), and functions as a heterotrimeric complex.

Production of monoclonal antibodies for measuring Avastin and its biosimilar by Sandwich ELISA.

The development of Bevacizumab (Avastin) biosimilar products has grown rapidly over the last ten years as the original Avastin's patent will expire soon. The approval of Avastin biosimilars requires the demonstration of similarity between the biosimilar and the reference product. To support pre-clinical and clinical studies, pharmacokinetic (PK) assays are required to measure the biosimilar and Avastin with comparable precision and accuracy.

A unique dysprosium selenoarsenate(iii) exhibiting a photocurrent response and slow magnetic relaxation behavior.

A redox, substitution and self-assembly reaction offers a novel dysprosium selenoarsenate(iii) with As [Dy(tepa)(μ-OH)Cl][AsSe] (1, tepa = tetraethylenepentamine), which provides the first example of chair conformation ring [AsSe] combined with lanthanide complexes as counterions. 1 exhibits a photocurrent response and slow magnetic relaxation behavior.

A 3-D net based on weak metallophilic (CuCu) interactions.

A novel 3-D binary copper(i) polymer [Cu(IN)]n (1, IN = isonicotinate) has been solvothermally synthesized. 1-D [Cu(IN)] chains of 1 are interconnected by weak metallophilic (CuCu) interactions to form a 3-D net. The theoretical band structure and photocatalytic and fluorescence properties have also been studied.

A series of new manganese thioarsenates(v) based on different unsaturated [Mn(amine)x](2+) complexes.

A series of new manganese thioarsenates(V) [Mn(en)2Cu(AsVS4)]n (1, en = ethylenediamine), [Mn(dien)2][Mn(dien)(AsVS4)]2 (2, dien = diethylenetriamine), [Mn(teta)(AsVS4)]n (3, teta = triethylenetetramine), and {[Mn(dap)2][Mn(dap)(AsVS4)]2}n (4, dap = 1,2-diaminopropane) have been solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. 1 displays a neutral heterometallic [Mn(en)2Cu(AsVS4)]n chain built up from the linkages of [Mn(en)2]2+ complexes and infinite heterometallic [Cu(AsVS4)2−]n chains, and represents the only example of incorporation of an unsaturated [Mn(en)2]2+ complex into the 1-D [Cu(AsVS4)2−]n framework. 2 consists of a discrete {[Mn(dien)]2(AsVS4)2}2− cluster and a charge compensating complex cation [Mn(dien)2]2+.

The first examples of 1-D organic hybrid lanthanoid thioarsenates based on two [As(V)S4](3-) linkage modes.

A series of new 1-D organic hybrid lanthanoid thioarsenates [Ln(dap)2]2(μ-η(1):η(1):η(1):η(1)-AsS4)(μ-η(1):η(1)-As(V)S4)]n {Ln = Ce (Ia), Pr (Ib), Nd (Ic), and Sm (Id); dap = diaminopropane} have been prepared under solvothermal conditions and structurally characterized. Compounds Ia-d contain two [As(V)S4](3-) linkage modes, namely μ-η(1):η(1):η(1):η(1)-As(V)S4 and μ-η(1):η(1)-As(V)S4, which are linked alternately with [Ln(dap)2](3+) groups into 1-D neutral chains [Ln(dap)2]2(μ-η(1):η(1):η(1):η(1)-As(V)S4)(μ-η(1):η(1)-As(V)S4)]n, which represent the first examples of 1-D organic hybrid lanthanoid thioarsenates based on two [As(V)S4](3-) linkage modes. To learn more about the influence of lanthanide contraction on the formation of lanthanoid thioarsenates, five organic hybrid lanthanoid thioarsenates [Ln(dap)3As(V)S4] [Ln = Tb (IIa), Dy (IIb), Ho (IIIc), and Er (IIId)] and [Er(dien)2As(V)S4] (III, dien = diethylenetriamine) are also provided.

A series of new lanthanoid thioarsenates: insights into the influence of lanthanide contraction on the formation of new lanthanoid thioarsenates.

A series of new lanthanoid thioarsenates [Ln(teta)(μ-η(1):η(2):η(1)-As(III)S3)]n {Ln = Ce (Ia), Pr (Ib), Nd (Ic), and Sm (Id); teta = triethylenetetramine} and [Ln(teta)(en)(μ-η(1):η(1):η(1)-As(V)S4)]n {Ln = La (IIa), Ce (IIb), Pr (IIc), and Nd (IId); en = ethylenediamine} were prepared by the solvothermal reaction of K3AsO3, S, LnCl3 and organic amines and structurally characterized. Compounds Ia–d crystallise in the orthorhombic space group Aba2 and display 1-D neutral chains [Ln(teta)(μ-η(1):η(2):η(1)-As(III)S3)]n, which represent the first examples of 1-D organic hybrid lanthanoid sulfides built up from trigonal-pyramidal [As(III)S3](3-) acting as tetradentate bridging ligands to interlink [Ln(teta)](3+) ions, while compounds IIa–d crystallise in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) and consist of other 1-D neutral chains [Ln(teta)(en)(μ-η(1):η(1):η(1)-As(V)S4)]n, which are built up from the linkages of the tetrahedral [As(V)S4](3-) ion and the [Ln(teta)(en)](3+) ion. To learn more about the influence of lanthanide contraction on the formation of lanthanoid thioarsenates, three organic hybrid lanthanoid thioarsenates [Ln(teta)(en)As(V)S4] [Ln = Dy (IIIa), Ho (IIIb), and Tm (IIIc)] with the neutral molecular structure type in the monoclinic centrosymmetric space group P2(1)/c are also presented.

A series of lanthanoid selenidoantimonates(V): rare examples of lanthanoid selenidoantimonates based on dinuclear lanthanide complexes.

A series of new lanthanoid selenidoantimonates(V) [Ln(en)(tepa)SbSe4] (Ln = La (Ia), Ce (Ib), Pr (Ic); en = ethylenediamine, tepa = tetraethylenepentamine) and [Ln2(tepa)2(μ-OH)2Cl2]-{[Ln(tepa)]2(μ-OH)2(SbSe4)2} (Ln = Y (IIa), Sm (IIb), Gd (IIc), Tb (IId), Dy (IIe), and Tm (IIf)) were solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. The structures of Ia-c consist of neutral molecules [Ln(en)(tepa)SbSe4], where the tetrahedral [SbSe4](3-) anion acts as a ligand to chelate the [Ln(en)(tepa)](3+) cation. The structures of IIa-f contain isolated dinuclear [Ln2(tepa)2(μ-OH)2Cl2](2+) cations built up from two [Ln(tepa)Cl](2+) ions linked by two -OH bridging groups and organic decorated {[Ln(tepa)]2(μ-OH)2(SbSe4)2}(2-) anions based on two [Ln(tepa)SbSe4] units bridged by two -OH groups.