Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of the Transcription Factor Family in Response to Abiotic Stress in Centipedegrass.

SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein-like (SPL) transcription factors play a critical role in the regulation of gene expression and are indispensable in orchestrating plant growth and development while also improving resistance to environmental stressors. Although it has been identified across a wide array of plant species, there have been no comprehensive studies on the gene family in centipedegrass [ (Munro) Hack.], which is an important warm-season perennial C4 turfgrass.

Integration of machine learning and genome-wide association study to explore the genomic prediction accuracy of agronomic trait in oats (Avena sativa L.).

Machine learning (ML) has garnered significant attention for its potential to enhance the accuracy of genomic predictions (GPs) in various economic crops with the use of complete genomic information. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are widely used to pinpoint trait-related causal variant loci in genomes. However, the simultaneous integration of both methods for crop genome prediction necessitates further research.

Genomic insights into Paspalum vaginatum: Mitochondrial and chloroplast genome mapping, evolutionary insights, and organelle-nucleus communication.

Paspalum vaginatum, valued for its salt tolerance, is a vital species in the turfgrass and agricultural industries. Despite its significance, there are still gaps in its genetic composition, particularly in the mitochondrial (mtDNA) and chloroplast (cpDNA) genomes. Our study aimed to fill these knowledge gaps by investigating the evolutionary relationships within the paspalum family and examining the functions of organelle-encoded genes as well as the critical role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in organelle-nucleus communication.

Factors contributing to organelle genomes size variation and the intracellular DNA transfer in Polygonaceae.

The use of complete organelle genomes, including chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes, is a powerful molecular method for studying biological evolution and gene transfer. However, in the case of Polygonaceae, an important family with numerous edible, medicinal, and ornamental species, the mitochondrial genomes of only three species have been sequenced and analyzed. In this study, we present the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes of two important Tibetan medicinal plants, Bistorta viviparum and B.

Extensive transcriptome data providing great efficacy in genetic research and adaptive gene discovery: a case study of L. (Poaceae, Triticeae).

Genetic markers play a central role in understanding genetic diversity, speciation, evolutionary processes, and how species respond to environmental stresses. However, conventional molecular markers are less effective when studying polyploid species with large genomes. In this study, we compared gene expression levels in 101 accessions of , a widely distributed allotetraploid forage species across the Eurasian continent.

Exploring Evolutionary Pathways and Abiotic Stress Responses through Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the Alternative Oxidase (AOX) Gene Family in Common Oat ().

The alternative oxidase (AOX), a common terminal oxidase in the electron transfer chain (ETC) of plants, plays a crucial role in stress resilience and plant growth and development. Oat (), an important crop with high nutritional value, has not been comprehensively studied regarding the AsAOX gene family. Therefore, this study explored the responses and potential functions of the AsAOX gene family to various abiotic stresses and their potential evolutionary pathways.

The White Clover TrMYB33-TrSAMS1 Module Contributes to Drought Tolerance by Modulation of Spermidine Biosynthesis via an ABA-Dependent Pathway.

Spermidine is well known to accumulate in plants exposed to drought, but the regulatory network associated with its biosynthesis and accumulation and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that the TrMYB33 relayed the ABA signal to modulate drought-induced spermidine production by directly regulating the expression of , which encodes an S-adenosylmethionine synthase. This gene was identified by transcriptome and expression analysis in .

Real-Time Detection of Yeast Growth on Solid Medium through Passive Microresonator Biosensor.

This study presents a biosensor fabricated based on integrated passive device (IPD) technology to measure microbial growth on solid media in real-time. Yeast (, strain GS115) is used as a model organism to demonstrate biosensor performance. The biosensor comprises an interdigital capacitor in the center with a helical inductive structure surrounding it.

Genome-Wide Analysis of the Oat () Gene Family Reveals Its Identification, Evolution, and Response to Abiotic Stress.

Oats () are an important cereal crop and cool-season forage worldwide. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a protein ubiquitously expressed in response to heat stress in almost all plants. To date, the gene family has not been comprehensively reported in oats.

Reconfigurable Tri-Mode Metasurface for Broadband Low Observation, Wide-Range Tracing, and Backscatter Communication.

In the current prevalent complex electromagnetic (EM) environment, intelligent methods for versatile and integrated control of EM waves using compact devices are both essential and challenging. These varied wave control objectives can at times conflict with one another, such as the need for broad absorption to remain inconspicuous, while also requiring enhanced backward scattering for highly reliable tracing and secure communication. To address these sophisticated challenges, a microwave-frequency reconfigurable tri-mode metasurface (RTMM) is introduced.

Graphene-Enabled Tunable Phase Gradient Metasurface for Broadband Dispersion Manipulation of Terahertz Wave.

With the increasing demand for the miniaturization and flexibility of optical devices, graphene-based metasurfaces have emerged as a promising ideal design platform for realizing planar and tunable electromagnetic or optical devices. In this paper, we propose a tunable metasurface with low-dispersion phase gradient characteristics that is composed of an array of double-layer graphene ribbons sandwiched with a thin insulating layer and a polymer substrate layer with a gold ground plane. As two typical proof-of-concept examples, metasurfaces act as a planar prism and a planar lens, respectively, and the corresponding performances of tunable broadband dispersion are demonstrated through full-wave simulation experiments.

Selection of Suitable Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Gene Expression Analysis in Centipedegrass under Different Abiotic Stress.

As a C4 warm-season turfgrass, centipedegrass ( (Munro) Hack.) is known for its exceptional resilience to intensive maintenance practices. In this research, the most stably expressed reference genes in the leaves of centipedegrass under different stress treatments, including salt, cold, drought, aluminum (Al), and herbicide, were screened by the quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) technique.

Active polarization-converting metasurface with electrically controlled magnitude amplification.

Recently, reconfigurable polarization-manipulation metasurfaces controlled with active components have gained widespread interest due to their adaptability, compact configuration, and low cost. However, due to the inherent non-negligible ohmic loss, the output energy of these tunable metasurfaces is typically diminished, particularly in the microwave region. To surmount the loss problem, herein, we propose an active polarization-converting metasurface with non-reciprocal polarization responses that is integrated with amplifying transistors.

Reflective one-to-multi-polarization conversion via separate control of phase and magnitude.

Polarization manipulation is a key issue in electromagnetic (EM) research. Research on 90° polarization rotators and circularly-polarized wave generators has been widely conducted. In this study, a polarization conversion metasurface that can shift one linearly-polarized EM wave into multi-polarization outgoing waves at certain frequencies is demonstrated, including co-, cross-, left-hand, and right-hand circular-polarization components.

Genetic diversity analysis and molecular characteristics of wild centipedegrass using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers.

Centipedegrass ( (Munro) Hack.) is commonly used as a low-maintenance warm-season turfgrass owing to its excellent adaptation to various soil types. A better understanding of the genetic diversity pattern of centipedegrass is essential for the efficient development and utilization of accessions.

Complete chloroplast genomes of three wild perennial species from Central Asia: genome structure, mutation hotspot, phylogenetic relationships, and comparative analysis.

L. is widely distributed in mountain or plateau of subtropical and warm temperate regions around the world. Three wild perennial species, including , , and , have been used as forage and for grassland ecological restoration in high-altitude areas in recent years.

Integrating Full-Length Transcriptome and RNA Sequencing of Siberian Wildrye () to Reveal Molecular Mechanisms in Response to Drought Stress.

Drought is one of the most significant limiting factors affecting plant growth and development on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Mining the drought-tolerant genes of the endemic perennial grass of the QTP, Siberian wildrye (), is of great significance to creating new drought-resistant varieties which can be used in the development of grassland livestock and restoring natural grassland projects in the QTP. To investigate the transcriptomic responsiveness of to drought stress, PEG-induced short- and long-term drought stress was applied to two Siberian wildrye genotypes (drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive accessions), followed by third- and second-generation transcriptome sequencing analysis.

Research on the initiation pressure criterion of directional hydraulic fracturing in coal mine.

Directional hydraulic fracturing (DHF) is more and more widely used in coal mines in China for hard roof and coal burst control. The key to this technology is to determine the crack initiation pressure that affected by the shape of the artificial notch and the stress state around the fracturing hole. Reasonable and simple formula for fracturing pressure calculation is essential since the fracturing pump used in coal mines is usually limited by the harsh conditions and hardly replaced once selected.

Direction-Duplex Janus Metasurface for Full-Space Electromagnetic Wave Manipulation and Holography.

Janus metasurfaces, a category of two-faced two-dimensional (2D) materials, are emerging as a promising platform for designing multifunctional metasurfaces by exploring the intrinsic propagation direction (-direction) of electromagnetic waves. Their out-of-plane asymmetry is utilized for achieving distinct functions selectively excited by choosing the propagation directions, providing an effective strategy to meet the growing demand for the integration of more functionalities into a single optoelectronic device. Here, we propose the concept of direction-duplex Janus metasurface for full-space wave control yielding drastically different transmission and reflection wavefronts for the same polarized incidence with opposite -directions.

A Novel Ultra-Wideband Electromagnetic-Wave-Absorbing Metastructure Inspired by Bionic Gyroid Structures.

Traditional honeycomb-like structural electromagnetic (EM)-wave-absorbing materials have been widely used in various equipment as multifunctional materials. However, current EM-wave-absorbing materials are limited by narrow absorption bandwidths and incidence angles because of their anisotropic structural morphology. The work presented here proposes a novel EM-wave-absorbing metastructure with an isotropic morphology inspired by the gyroid microstructures seen in Parides sesostris butterfly wings.

Ultra-wideband two-dimensional Airy beam generation with an amplitude-tailorable metasurface.

Airy beams, accelerating optical beams with exotic properties of self-bending, self-healing and non-diffraction, are essential for a wide range of photonics applications. Recently, metasurfaces have provided an efficient platform for generating desired Airy beams within a thin thickness, but they suffer from the narrow bandwidth, especially for two-dimensional (2D) Airy beams. Here, we propose an amplitude-tailorable polarization-converting metasurface to enable ultra-wideband 2D Airy beam generation.