Protective effect of modified Huangqi Chifeng decoction on immunoglobulin A nephropathy through toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway.

Objective: To examine the nephroprotective mechanism of modified Huangqi Chifeng decoction (, MHCD) in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) rats.

Methods: To establish the IgAN rat model, the bovine serum albumin, lipopolysaccharide, and carbon tetrachloride 4 method was employed. The rats were then randomly assigned to the control, model, telmisartan, and high-, medium-, and low-dose MHCD groups, and were administered the respective treatments via intragastric administration for 8 weeks.

Modified Huangqi Chifeng Decoction Attenuates Proteinuria by Reducing Podocyte Injury in a Rat Model of Immunoglobulin a Nephropathy.

Modified Huangqi Chifeng decoction (MHCD) has been used to reduce proteinuria in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) for many years. Previously, we have demonstrated its protective role in glomerular mesangial cells. Podocyte injury, another key factor associated with proteinuria in IgAN, has also attracted increasing attention.

The efficacy of pregabalin for the management of acute and chronic postoperative pain in thoracotomy: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomized-controlled trials.

Purpose: Pregabalin is commonly used as an analgesic for neuropathic pain. But pregabalin as an adjunct to a multimodal analgesic regimen - although standard clinical protocol in some settings - has remained controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to identify the efficacy of pregabalin for management of postoperative pain in thoracotomy.

Modified Huangqi Chifeng decoction inhibits excessive autophagy to protect against Doxorubicin-induced nephrotic syndrome in rats via the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway.

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether modified Huangqi Chifeng decoction (MHCD) could be an effective treatment against Doxorubicin-induced nephrosis in rats and whether it regulates autophagy via the phosphoinositide-3 kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/mTOR) signaling pathway. A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank, model, telmisartan and MHCD groups. The rat model of nephrosis was induced by intragastric administration of Doxorubicin for 8 weeks.

Sinomenine Hydrochloride Attenuates Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting Excessive Autophagy Induced by Adriamycin: An Experimental Study.

The objective of this study is to investigate if sinomenine hydrochloride (SIN-HCl) could be effective against adriamycin-induced renal fibrosis by regulating autophagy in a rat model. Forty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, telmisartan group, and SIN-HCl group; rat model was induced by adriamycin; all rats were given intragastric administration for 6 weeks. Urine was collected from rats in metabolic cages to determine 24 h protein level.

IL-33 Attenuates Sepsis by Inhibiting IL-17 Receptor Signaling through Upregulation of SOCS3.

Background/aims: Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response during infection. There are limited therapeutic options for sepsis patients. Interleukin (IL)-33 has been reported recently with a beneficial effect in mouse sepsis.

Noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants with moderate-severe respiratory distress syndrome: A preliminary report.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of noninvasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in preterm infants with moderate-severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after surfactant administration via INSURE (intubation, surfactant, extubation) method on the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).

Methods: A total of 81 infants with a gestational age (GA) of 28-34 weeks were eligible and were randomized to nCPAP (n = 42) or to nHFOV (n = 39). The need for IMV was the primary outcome.

The Role of IL-33 on LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice.

The objective of the study is to investigate the role and specific molecular mechanism of interleukin-33 (IL-33) acted on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). C57BL/6 mice intratracheally instilled LPS to induce ALI model. The mice were randomly divided into three groups: the sham operation group (Sham), ALI group (ALI), and pretreatment with IL-33 of ALI group (IL-33).

Comparison of the morphine-sparing effect of intraoperative dexmedetomidine with and without loading dose following general anesthesia in multiple-fracture patients: A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Intraoperative dexmedetomidine (DEX) with or without loading dose both promote morphine-sparing effect in patient-controlled analgesia on postoperative acute pain. However, the contribution of the loading dose to this effect is largely unknown, especially in long-lasting surgeries. The present study was designed to investigate the role of a loading dose of DEX in this morphine-sparing effect in multiple-fracture patients following general anesthesia.

Mesoporous Silica Particles as a Multifunctional Delivery System for Pain Relief in Experimental Neuropathy.

The long-term use of potent analgesics is often needed to treat chronic pain. However, it has been greatly hindered by their side effects such as addiction and withdrawal reactions. The study seeks to circumvent these drawbacks by taking advantage of a multifunctional delivery system based on nanoparticles to target on pathological neuroinflammation.

Up-regulation of immunomodulatory effects of mouse bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells by tetrahydrocannabinol pre-treatment involving cannabinoid receptor CB2.

Chronic pain is commonly and closely correlated with inflammation. Both cannabinoid signaling and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to reduce inflammatory pain. Although cannabinoid signaling is essential for mesenchymal stem cell survival and differentiation, little is known about its role in modulatory effect of MSCs on inflammation and pain sensitivity.

Efficacy of surfactant at different gestational ages for infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

Since exogenous surfactant replacement therapy was first used to prevent respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), it has become the main method for treatment of RDS. However, in some infants, death is inevitable despite intensive care and surfactant replacement therapy, especially in near-term and term infants. The main purpose of this study was to compare the therapeutic effect of pulmonary surfactant for infants at different gestational ages and to investigate whether exogenous surfactant replacement therapy is effective for all newborns with RDS.

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a meta-analysis and up-date.

Objective: To evaluate whether nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) would decrease the requirement for endotracheal ventilation compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure(NCPAP) for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and compare the related complications between these two noninvasive variations of respiratory support

Methods: A search of major electronic databases, including Medline (1980-2013) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, for randomized controlled trials that compared NIPPV versus NCPAP for preterm infants with RDS was performed.

Main Results: Six randomized controlled trials met selection criteria (n = 1,527). The meta-analyses demonstrated significant decrease in the need for invasive ventilation in the NIPPV group (RR:0.

A prospective, randomized, controlled study of NIPPV versus nCPAP in preterm and term infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

Objective: To evaluate whether nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) decreases the requirement for endotracheal ventilation in preterm and term infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Methods: This was a single center, randomized, controlled trial. A total of 179 preterm and term infants with RDS were randomized to NIPPV (n = 88) or nCPAP (n = 91).

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure in neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) and Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in neonates.

Methods: Standard search strategy for the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group was performed. The participants were both preterm and term infants suffering from neonatal respiratory distress syndrome or experiencing apnea of prematurity.

Glycochenodeoxycholate induces rat alveolar epithelial type II cell death and inhibits surfactant secretion in vitro.

Bile acid-induced lung injury has become an important topic for neonatologists after the discovery of a high incidence of infant respiratory distress syndrome complicated from maternal intrahepatic cholestasis. To explore the molecular pathway of bile acid-induced lung injury, we investigated the cytotoxicity of the glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDC) to alveolar epithelial type II cells (AECII), as the main component of bile acid. The results demonstrated that glycochenodeoxycholate induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and increased caspase activity in the primary cultured AECII.

[Risk factors for excessive bleeding in patients undergoing open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass].

Objective: To evaluate the pre- and intraoperative risk factors associated with excessive bleeding during the perioperative period in adult patients undergoing open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods: A total of 1079 consecutive patients undergoing open heart surgery with CPB from January 2001 to May 2010 were included (except for emergency operation). The possible risk factors associated with excessive bleeding were retrospectively analyzed.

Changes of positron emission tomography in newborn infants at different gestational ages, and neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Cerebral glucose metabolism was measured by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose position emission tomography in infants at different gestational ages and with neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Thirty-six preterm and term infants at different gestational ages without brain injury were divided into four subgroups: ≤32 weeks (n = 4), 33-34 weeks (n = 5), 35-36 weeks (n = 12), and ≥37 weeks (n = 15). Twenty-four newborn infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were divided into three subgroups: mild (n = 13), moderate (n = 7), and severe (n = 4).

[Oral controlled-release oxycodone for uterine cramping pain after cesarean section].

Objective: To evaluate whether combined oral oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release tablets plus paracetamol and tramadol hydrochloride tablets is better than epidural analgesia with respect to uterine cramping pain control and side effects after cesarean section.

Methods: Sixty consecutive patients scheduled for cesarean section from April to May, 2010 were randomized to either patient-controlled epidural analgesia with 0.1% ropivacaine, 0.

Ghrelin prevents neuronal apoptosis and cognitive impairments in sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

The present study explored the effect of ghrelin in protecting neurons from apoptosis in sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Ghrelin (100 nM) increased the cell viability treated with lipopolysaccharide (1.0 μg/ml, 24 h).

Sichuan earthquake and emergency relief care for children: report from the firstly arrived pediatricians in the epicenter zone.

Objective: An 8.0-magnitude earthquake struck Sichuan province of China on May 12, 2008. Over the next 10 days, the firstly arrived uniformed pediatricians in the epicenter zone took part in emergency relief care for children.

Brain positron emission tomography in preterm and term newborn infants.

Objective: To study the clinical values of positron emission tomography (PET) in preterm and term newborn infants through observing brain glucose metabolism by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) PET.

Method: To observe the brain (18)F-FDG PET imaging in 9 term and 7 preterm newborn infants in the same condition after administration of 0.1 mCi/kg (18)F-FDG.

Effect of hemocoagulase for prevention of pulmonary hemorrhage in critical newborns on mechanical ventilation: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate the role of hemocoagulase to prevent pulmonary hemorrhage in critical newborns on mechanical ventilation.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of an affiliated hospital of a Medical University.

New treatment of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage with hemocoagulase in addition to mechanical ventilation.

Objective: To investigate the effect of a new treatment for neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage with hemocoagulase in addition to mechanical ventilation.

Methods: Forty-eight newborn infants with pulmonary hemorrhage were included and divided randomly into 2 groups. Among them, 28 patients were treated with hemocoagulase in addition to mechanical ventilation, and the other 20 neonates served as controls and were treated with mechanical ventilation only.

[Effect of osteopractic total flavone on bone mineral density and bone histomorphometry in ovariectomized rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of osteopractic total flavone on bone histomorphometry of osteoporosis model in rath with ovariectomized female rat models.

Method: The ovariectomy-induced model, bone sliceswith calcium, pigmentation, and Leica Qwin image analysis system were adopted on bone histomorphometry.

Result: As compared with the model group, the effect of small-dose group and middle-dose group of osteopractic total flavone on TBV% of shankbone increased significantly; the effect of small-dose group and middle-dose group of osteopractic total flavone on TRS% of shankbone reduced significantly and TFS%, AFS%, MAR, BFR of shankbone reduced obviously; the effect of middle-dose group of osteopractic total flavone on OSW and mAR reduced obviously, the effect of small-dose group of osteopractic total flavone on them had the tendency of reducing, but there was no statistical significance.