Long-lasting, UV shielding, and cellulose-based avermectin nano/micro spheres with dual smart stimuli-microenvironment responsiveness for Plutella xylostella control.

The requirement to improve the efficiency of pesticide utilization has led to the development of sustainable and smart stimuli-responsive pesticide delivery systems. Herein, a novel avermectin nano/micro spheres (AVM@HPMC-Oxalate) with sensitive stimuli-response function target to the Lepidoptera pests midgut microenvironment (pH 8.0-9.

Visual Quantitation of Dopamine-Inspired Fluorescent Adhesion with Orthogonal Phenanthrenequinone Photochemistry.

Quantifying adhesion is crucial for understanding adhesion mechanisms and developing advanced dopamine-inspired materials and devices. However, achieving nondestructive and real-time quantitation of adhesion using optical spectra remains challenging. Here, we present a dopamine-inspired orthogonal phenanthrenequinone photochemistry strategy for the one-step adhesion and real-time visual quantitation of fluorescent spectra.

Combined Analysis of Metabolomics and Biochemical Changes Reveals the Nutritional and Functional Characteristics of Red Palm Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Larvae at Different Developmental Stages.

In this study, the changes in the conventional nutrient and mineral compositions as well as the metabolomics characteristics of the red palm weevil (RPW) Olivier (Curculionidae: Coleoptera) larvae at early (EL), middle (ML) and old (OL) developmental stages were investigated. Results showed that the EL and ML had the highest content of protein (53.87 g/100 g dw) and fat (67.

Increased prevalence of variants and susceptibility to CRS: A real-world study based on Chinese children.

Background: Chronic Rhinosinusitis is a common disease in children. The main function of CFTR is to maintain the thickness of the mucous layer on the surface of the nasal mucosa. disease-causing variant can cause CFTR protein dysfunction and induce or aggravate chronic infection.

Multi-Stimuli-Responsive, Topology-Regulated, and Lignin-Based Nano/Microcapsules from Pickering Emulsion Templates for Bidirectional Delivery of Pesticides.

The increasing demand for improving pesticide utilization efficiency has prompted the development of sustainable, targeted, and stimuli-responsive delivery systems. Herein, a multi-stimuli-responsive nano/microcapsule bidirectional delivery system loaded with pyraclostrobin (Pyr) is prepared through interfacial cross-linking from a lignin-based Pickering emulsion template. During this process, methacrylated alkali lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) are utilized as stabilizers for the tunable oil-water (O/W) Pickering emulsion.

Near-infrared-responsive CuS@Cu-MOF nanocomposite with high foliar retention and extended persistence for controlling strawberry anthracnose.

Strawberry anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) exhibits a high pathogenicity, capable of directly infecting leaves through natural openings, resulting in devastating impacts on strawberries. Here, nanocomposite (CuS@Cu-MOF) was prepared with a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 35.3% and a strong response to near-infrared light (NIR) by locally growing CuS nanoparticles on the surface of a copper-based metal-organic framework (Cu-MOF) through in situ sulfurization.

Religious Tourism and Its Impact on Spiritual, Physical, and Mental Health: Insights from Pilgrims to Iranian Saints' Shrines.

This study investigates pilgrims' justifications for visiting Iran's Holy Shrine of Imam Reza (A.S) and the positive role of such pilgrimages in their religious coping experiences and healing practices. The research confirms that pilgrims strongly associate shrines in Iran with religious coping benefits and spiritual, mental, physical, and ritual healing.

Bidirectional Uptake, Transfer, and Transport of Dextran-Based Nanoparticles in Plants for Multidimensional Enhancement of Pesticide Utilization.

The development of effective multifunctional nano-delivery approaches for pesticide absorption remains a challenge. Here, a dextran-based pesticide delivery system (MBD) is constructed to deliver tebuconazole for multidimensionally enhancing its effective utilization on tomato plants. Spherical MBD nanoparticles are obtained through two-step esterification of dextran, followed by tebuconazole loading using the Michael addition reaction.

IBV QX affects the antigen presentation function of BMDCs through nonstructural protein16.

The gamma-coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has a high mutation rate and mainly invades the respiratory mucosa, making it difficult to prevent and causing great economic losses. Nonstructural protein 16 (NSP16) of IBV QX also not only plays an indispensable role in virus invading but also might hugely influence the antigen's recognition and presentation ability of host BMDCs. Hence, our study tries to illustrate the underline mechanism of how NSP16 influences the immune function of BMDCs.

Amoeba-Inspired Magnetic Venom Microrobots.

Nature provides a successful evolutionary direction for single-celled organisms to solve complex problems and complete survival tasks - pseudopodium. Amoeba, a unicellular protozoan, can produce temporary pseudopods in any direction by controlling the directional flow of protoplasm to perform important life activities such as environmental sensing, motility, predation, and excretion. However, creating robotic systems with pseudopodia to emulate environmental adaptability and tasking capabilities of natural amoeba or amoeboid cells remains challenging.

Lignin-based non-crosslinked nanocarriers: A promising delivery system of pesticide for development of sustainable agriculture.

Lignin sulfonate (LS), a waste material from the paper pulping, was modified with benzoic anhydride to obtain benzoylated lignin sulfonates of adjustable hydrophilicity (BLS). When BLS was combined with difenoconazole (Di), a broad-spectrum fungicide, lignin-based, non-crosslinked nanoparticles were obtained either by solvent exchange or solvent evaporation. When a mass ratio of 1:5 LS: benzoic anhydride was used, the Di release from Di@BLS after 1248 h was ca.

Acetalated dextran microparticles for the smart delivery of pyraclostrobin to control Sclerotinia diseases.

Dextran has emerged as a promising biopolymer carrier for controlled release formulations of pesticides. In this study, pH-sensitive acetalated dextran microparticles (Pyr@Ac-Dex) are prepared to encapsulate and control the release of pyraclostrobin (Pyr). In vitro fungicidal activity experiments showed that the prepared Pyr@Ac-Dex particles show comparable fungicidal ability against S.

pH-Responsive On-Demand Alkaloids Release from Core-Shell ZnO@ZIF-8 Nanosphere for Synergistic Control of Bacterial Wilt Disease.

Developing an effective and safe technology to control severe bacterial diseases in agriculture has attracted significant attention. Here, ZnO nanosphere and ZIF-8 are employed as core and shell, respectively, and then a pH-responsive core-shell nanocarrier (ZnO-Z) was prepared by crystal growth strategy. The bactericide berberine (Ber) was further loaded to form Ber-loaded ZnO-Z (Ber@ZnO-Z) for control of tomato bacterial wilt disease.

A Light-Triggered pH-Responsive Metal-Organic Framework for Smart Delivery of Fungicide to Control Sclerotinia Diseases of Oilseed Rape.

Using a simple one-pot method, we developed a prochloraz (Pro) and pH-jump reagent-loaded zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (PD@ZIF-8) composite for the smart control of Sclerotinia disease. The pH-jump reagent can induce the acidic degradation of ZIF-8 using UV light to realize the controlled release of Pro. Thus, the physical properties of PD@ZIF-8, such as its release, formulation stability, and adhesion, were investigated in detail.

3D, eco-friendly metal-organic frameworks@carbon nanotube aerogels composite materials for removal of pesticides in water.

To alleviate the secondary risks of using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) nanoparticles as adsorbent, a novel method of loading two MOFs (ZIF-8 or UiO66-NH) on the carbon nanotube aerogels (MPCA) by in situ nucleation and growth of MOFs nanoparticles onto carbon nanotubes were developed. The prepared MOFs@MPCA aerogels were well characterized via SEM, TEM, EDS, FT-IR, XRD and XPS to reveal the microstructure and formation mechanism of MOF@MPCA. Besides, the hydrophilia, mechanical property and thermostability of MOF@MPCA were investigated.

Combined inhibition of JAK1/2 and DNMT1 by newly identified small-molecule compounds synergistically suppresses the survival and proliferation of cervical cancer cells.

Despite substantial advances in treating cervical cancer (CC) with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, patients with advanced CC still have poor prognosis and significantly variable clinical outcomes due to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, to develop more efficacious and specific treatments for CC remains an unmet clinical need. In this study, by virtual screening the SPECS database, we identified multiple novel JAK inhibitor candidates and validated their antitumor drug efficacies that were particularly high against CC cell lines.

A temperature-responsive release cellulose-based microcapsule loaded with chlorpyrifos for sustainable pest control.

Controlled pesticide release in response to environmental stimuli by encapsulating pesticide in carrier is a feasible approach to improve the effective utilization rate. Here, a temperature-responsive release microcapsule loaded with chlorpyrifos (CPF@CM) was prepared from n-hexadecane-in-water emulsions via interfacial polymerization. The microcapsule was consisted of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) as the shell wall material and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as the crosslinker.

A sensitive immunoassay based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer from up-converting nanoparticles and graphene oxide for one-step detection of imidacloprid.

In this study, a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) immunoassay based on graphene oxide (GO) and up-converting nanoparticles (UCNPs) was established for rapid detection of imidacloprid, a commonly-used insecticide. Under 980 nm near-infrared light excitation, emission of UCNPs at 542 nm can be absorbed by the energy acceptor GO. The carboxyl-functionalized GO and UCNPs were coupled with competitive antigen and antibody against imidacloprid.

Rapid and efficient removal of acetochlor from environmental water using Cr-MIL-101 sorbent modified with 3, 5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl isocyanate.

The excessive use of acetochlor (ACT), a commonly used herbicide with latent endocrine disrupting functions, causes surface water pollution. The efficient removal of ACT from contaminated water supplies is of paramount importance. In the current work, 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl isocyanate (BTP) was successfully anchored onto Cr-MIL-101 walls via covalent incorporation to afford Cr-MIL-101-BTP as a novel adsorbent for the high-efficiency removal of ACT in aqueous solutions.

High foliar affinity cellulose for the preparation of efficient and safe fipronil formulation.

In this work, fipronil was encapsulated within ethanediamine-modified carboxymethylcellulose (ACMC) to prepare an efficient and environmentally safe pesticide formulation (ACMCF). The chemical structure, morphology, foliar adhesion, bioactivity, and soil mobility of ACMCF were also systematically investigated. Results demonstrated that fipronil was encapsulated to form microcapsules successfully.

Innovative Approach to Nano Thiazole-Zn with Promising Physicochemical and Bioactive Properties by Nanoreactor Construction.

Nanotechnology has provided a novel approach for the preparation of a safe and highly effective pesticide formulation. Thiazole-Zn, a widely used bactericide, was successfully prepared at nanoscale by an innovative approach of final synthesis process control. Its plausible formation mechanism based on restricted particle aggregation in a nanoreactor was elucidated.

Pyridine Alkaloids in the Venom of Imported Fire Ants.

Venomous imported fire ants cause significant medical problems. Alkaloids are an important component of imported fire ant venom. Piperidine and piperideine alkaloids have been identified in fire ant venom.

Enantioselective Reduction of α,β-Unsaturated Ketones and Aryl Ketones by Perakine Reductase.

This report describes the enantioselective reduction of structurally diverse α,β-unsaturated ketones and aryl ketones by perakine reductase (PR) from Rauvolfia. This enzymatic reduction produces α-chiral allylic and aryl alcohols with excellent enantioselectivity and most of the products in satisfactory yields. Furthermore, the work demonstrates 1 mmol scale reactions for product delivery without any detrimental effect on yield and enantioselectivity.

Visible-light-mediated guest trapping in a photosensitizing porous coordination network: metal-free C-C bond-forming modification of metal-organic frameworks for aqueous-phase herbicide adsorption.

A series of furan/thiophene-derived Cr-MIL-101s were obtained via visible-light-mediated C-C bond-forming catalysis within photosensitizing porous materials. The guest trapping process was achieved under very mild and metal-free conditions, affording newly functionalized MOFs with more π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding properties and excellent adsorption capacity in removing herbicides from aquatic environments.