Conservative versus liberal oxygen therapy for intensive care unit patients: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: It remains unclear whether conservative oxygen therapy (COT) or liberal oxygen therapy (LOT) is more beneficial to the clinical outcomes of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. We systematically reviewed the efficacy and safety of conservative versus liberal oxygen therapy for ICU patients.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.

Comparison between high-flow nasal cannula and conventional oxygen therapy in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and conventional oxygen therapy (COT) are important respiratory support strategies for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. However, the results are conflicting for the risk of intubation with HFNC as compared to COT.

Objectives: We systematically synthesized the outcomes of HFNC relative to COT in COVID-19 patients with AHRF and evaluated these outcomes in relevant subpopulations.

Efficacy and Safety of Sevelamer Carbonate in Chinese Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Hyperphosphatemia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Study.

Introduction: Previous studies suggested that sevelamer carbonate is well tolerated with a favorable efficacy and safety profile in both dialysis and nondialysis patients in Europe; however, the efficacy remains controversial, and few studies have examined sevelamer carbonate therapy in other ethnic nondialysis CKD patients. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of sevelamer carbonate in Chinese nondialysis CKD patients with hyperphosphatemia.

Methods: The multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, and phase 3 clinical trial enrolled 202 Chinese nondialysis CKD patients with serum phosphorus ≥1.

Comparison between high-flow nasal cannula and noninvasive ventilation in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) are important treatment approaches for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. However, the differential impact of HFNC NIV on clinical outcomes of COVID-19 is uncertain.

Objectives: We assessed the effects of HFNC NIV (interface or mode) on clinical outcomes of COVID-19.

Effectiveness of the use of a high-flow nasal cannula to treat COVID-19 patients and risk factors for failure: a meta-analysis.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally, and many patients with severe cases have received oxygen therapy through a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC).

Objectives: We assessed the efficacy of HFNC for treating patients with COVID-19 and risk factors for HFNC failure.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of HFNC in patients with COVID-19 published in English from January 1st, 2020 to August 15th, 2021.

Effect of Mask Selection on the Leak Test in Ventilators Designed for Noninvasive Ventilation.

Background: The mask leak test used for modern noninvasive ventilators can detect the leak characteristics of masks that are not recommended by the manufacturer, but it has not yet been determined whether this method is acceptable.

Methods: A noninvasive ventilator equipped with a single-limb circuit and an oronasal mask was connected to a lung simulator. The ventilator was set to S/T mode, and inspiratory positive airway pressure/expiratory positive airway pressure was set to 10/5, 15/5, and 20/5 cm HO, respectively.

Adult with mass burnt lime aspiration: A case report and literature review.

Background: Foreign body aspiration mainly occurs in children, which can cause a severe concurrent syndrome and even death without timely treatment. As a rare foreign body, aspiration of lime is seldom reported, and most cases involve a small amount of hydrated lime. Although the symptoms are usually severe, the prognosis is good after suitable treatment.

The efficacy and tolerance of prone positioning in non-intubation patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and ARDS: a meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: The application of prone positioning with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in non-intubation patients is increasing gradually, applying prone positioning for more high-flow nasal oxygen therapy (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) patients. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and tolerance of prone positioning combined with non-invasive respiratory support in patients with AHRF or ARDS.

Methods: We searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (prospective or retrospective cohort studies, RCTs and case series) published in , and the from 1 January 2000 to 1 July 2020.

The Effect of Different Interfaces on the Aerosol Delivery with Vibrating Mesh Nebulizer During Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation.

The effect of different interfaces on the aerosol delivery with vibrating mesh nebulizer during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV) is not clear. Noninvasive ventilator and four interfaces were connected to IngMar ASL 5000 lung simulator. Meanwhile, the vibrating mesh nebulizer was connected to a ventilator circuit to simulate the nebulization during noninvasive ventilation.

Physiological clearance of amyloid-beta by the kidney and its therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease.

Amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation in the brain is a pivotal event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and its clearance from the brain is impaired in sporadic AD. Previous studies suggest that approximately half of the Aβ produced in the brain is cleared by transport into the periphery. However, the mechanism and pathophysiological significance of peripheral Aβ clearance remain largely unknown.

Acute mediastinitis associated with tracheobronchial tuberculosis and aspergillosis: a case report and literature review.

Acute mediastinitis (AM) is a rare but life-threatening disease. Here, we report a case of AM secondary to endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) and pseudomembranous tracheobronchitis (PMATB) co-infection. EBTB was confirmed by tissue culture for and GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) detection (simultaneous detection of and resistance to rifampin) using endobronchial biopsies; PMATB was confirmed by histopathology.

Factors affecting FiO and PEEP during high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy: A bench study.

Introduction: It is unknown if set-flow, peak inspiratory flow (PIF), tidal volume and set fraction of inspired O (FiO ) affect actual-FiO and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy. In addition, the extent of their influence is also unknown.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of set-FiO , set-flow, PIF and tidal volume on the actual-FiO and PEEP during HFNC oxygen therapy.

Effect of Jet Nebulization on Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation Administered with Noninvasive or Intensive Care Unit Ventilators: A Bench Study.

Background: Most of the patients on noninvasive positive pressure ventilation require aerosol inhalation therapy to moisturize the airways or deliver drugs in acute settings. However, the effect of jet nebulization on noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) has not been determined.

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the impact of jet nebulization on NPPV applied in ventilators.

Plasma microRNA panel is a novel biomarker for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and associated with podocyte apoptosis.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a frequent glomerular disease, and is the common cause of nephrotic syndrome. However, there is no validated diagnostic blood biomarker for FSGS. Here, we performed a real-time PCR-based high-throughput miRNA profiling to identify the plasma signature for FSGS.

Which Nebulizer Position Should Be Avoided? An Extended Study of Aerosol Delivery and Ventilator Performance during Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation.

Background: Research on the effect of nebulizer location on aerosol delivery during noninvasive ventilation has reached inconsistent conclusions.

Objective: To investigate the effects of nebulizer position on aerosol delivery efficiency and ventilator performance during noninvasive ventilation.

Methods: The Active Servo Lung 5000 respiratory simulation system (ASL5000) was used to simulate a COPD patient.

Efficacy of N-Acetylcysteine in Preventing Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: A Meta-Analysis Study.

Purpose: To evaluate whether perioperative N-acetylcysteine (NAC) administration reduces the risk of cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI).

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature review (Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, Biomedical central, Google Scholar) identified 10 studies (1391 patients; 695 NAC and 696 placebo) that compared the efficacy and adverse effects of perioperative NAC administration for CSA-AKI prevention in adults undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis statistical software.

[Effect of Chinese drugs for strengthening Pi, harmonizing Wei, and dispersing blood stasis on the expression of gastric mucosal heat shock protein 70 in chronic atrophic gastritis patients].

Objective: To observe the effect of Chinese drugs for strengthening Pi, harmonizing Wei, and dispersing blood stasis (CDSPHWDBS) on the expression of gastric mucosal heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) patients.

Methods: A total of 100 CAG patients were assigned to the control group and the treatment group by random digit table, 50 in each group. Patients in the control group took Folic Acid Tablet 10 mg each time, 3 times per day.

[The comparison of the value of end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide after eupnoea and prolonged expiratory method in Department of Respiratory Medicine].

Objective: To compare and discuss the value of end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO2) using eupnoea or prolonged expiratory method, and explore their application value in department of respiratory medicine.

Methods: One hundred and fourteen patients admitted to the Department of Respiratory Medicine of hospital received PETCO2 monitor, using either eupnoea or prolonged expiratory method, and blood gas analysis was performed thereafter. Then the patients were divided into different groups according to different arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and diseases.

Influence of exhalation valve and nebulizer position on albuterol delivery during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation.

Background: Early studies have found better clinical efficiency when a nebulizer was used with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV), compared with spontaneous breathing without NPPV. However, very limited research addressed factors that might affect aerosol delivery. This study aimed to investigate the influence of exhalation valves and nebulizer positions on aerosol delivery during NPPV.

Oxygen injection site affects FIO2 during noninvasive ventilation.

Background: Most portable bi-level positive airway pressure devices are not equipped with air-oxygen blenders for precisely regulating oxygen concentrations, and supplemental oxygen must be added to increase the F(IO2). Very few studies have investigated the factors that affect F(IO2), and their conclusions have been inconsistent. We investigated in vitro noninvasive ventilation (NIV) parameters and their effects on F(IO2), particularly the effect of the oxygen injection site.

[The comparative analysis of the common reasons of invasive ventilator alarms between medical and specialist intensive care unit].

Objective: To analyze the common reasons of invasive ventilator alarms between medical intensive care unit (ICU) and specialist ICU, and its related management methods.

Methods: Patients admitted to medical ICU and specialist ICU from January to December in 2011 of the First Hospital of China Medical University were studied. Ventilator alarms and their reasons need to be handle by the front-line doctors, respiratory therapists, attending physicians or medical ICU doctors were analyzed and compared.

Vibration response imaging: a novel noninvasive tool for evaluating the initial therapeutic effect of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: The popular methods for evaluating the initial therapeutic effect (ITE) of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) can only roughly reflect the therapeutic outcome of a patient's ventilation because they are subjective, invasive and time-delayed. In contrast, vibration response imaging (VRI) can monitor the function of a patient's ventilation over the NPPV therapy in a non-invasive manner. This study aimed to investigate the value of VRI in evaluating the ITE of NPPV for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).

[Risk factors of novel severe influenza A(H1N1) with concurrent adult respiratory distress syndrome].

Objective: To analyze the risk factors of novel severe influenza A (H1N1) with concurrent adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods: A multivariable Logistic regression analysis was conducted for ARDS risk factors in controlled clinical trials for comparing the clinical features between the ARDS and non-ARDS groups and comparing ARDS patients' lymphocyte counts and T lymphocyte subsets between the smoking and non-smoking groups through a retrospective analysis of 92 novel influenza A (H1N1) patients who admitted to our hospital from October 2009 to January 2010.

Results: Through a single factor analysis between ARDS and non-ARDS groups, the comparisons in the factors including smoking (17 cases vs 11 cases), T lymphocyte subsets, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), initial treatment point of oseltamivir and initial oxygen flow greater than 2 L/min (28 cases vs 18 cases) had statistically significant differences (all P<0.