Basing target enzyme study the enantioselective bioactivity action mechanism of flusulfinam, a novel HPPD inhibitor herbicide.

Flusulfinam is a novel chiral amide herbicide widely used for controlling annual weeds in rice paddies. However, the mechanism underlying their enantioselective herbicidal activity remain unclear. Herein, it was found that flusulfinam enantiomers, similar to typical HPPD inhibitor mesotrione, reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid levels, decreased HPPD enzyme activity, and upregulated gene expression.

Deep learning-based multi-task prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy using multiscale whole slide images in breast cancer: A multicenter study.

Objective: Early predicting response before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is crucial for personalized treatment plans for locally advanced breast cancer patients. We aim to develop a multi-task model using multiscale whole slide images (WSIs) features to predict the response to breast cancer NAC more finely.

Methods: This work collected 1,670 whole slide images for training and validation sets, internal testing sets, external testing sets, and prospective testing sets of the weakly-supervised deep learning-based multi-task model (DLMM) in predicting treatment response and pCR to NAC.

The value of miRNAs as a biomarker for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis.

Objectives: The present meta-analysis evaluated the value of miRNAs in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Material And Methods: Eligible studies were gathered from MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang, and CQVIP information databases. Combined sensitivity, specificity, and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves of enrolled studies were analyzed using STATA 12.

Integrated spatial multi-omics profiling of Fusobacterium nucleatum in breast cancer unveils its role in tumour microenvironment modulation and cancer progression.

Tumour-associated microbiota are integral components of the tumour microenvironment (TME). However, previous studies on intratumoral microbiota primarily rely on bulk tissue analysis, which may obscure their spatial distribution and localized effects. In this study, we applied in situ spatial-profiling technology to investigate the spatial distribution of intratumoral microbiota in breast cancer and their interactions with the local TME.

Predicting central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma combined with Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a preoperative study.

Background: Current studies have reported a high association between the Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, studies on the characteristics of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in PTC patients with HT are scarce. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the risk factors of CLNM in PTC and HT patients.

MFI-Net: multi-level feature invertible network image concealment technique.

The utilization of deep learning and invertible networks for image hiding has been proven effective and secure. These methods can conceal large amounts of information while maintaining high image quality and security. However, existing methods often lack precision in selecting the hidden regions and primarily rely on residual structures.

Risk Stratification Prediction of Endometrial Cancer Using Microstructural Mapping Based on Time-Dependent Diffusion MRI.

Time-dependent diffusion MRI (t-dMRI) has potential in characterizing microstructural features; however, its value in imaging endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma (EEA) remains uncertain. Patients surgically confirmed with EEA were finally enrolled in our study. The t-dMRI data were acquired using pulsed gradient spin echo sequence and oscillating gradient spin echo sequences.

Causal link between gut microbiota and obsessive-compulsive disorder: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Previous studies have indicated a potential link between the gut microbiota and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); however, the exact causal relationship remains uncertain. In this study, we employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the causal connection between gut microbiota and OCD.

Methods: We collected Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) summary data on gut microbiota (n = 18, 340) and OCD (n = 199, 169), using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as the instrumental variable.

Evaluating Continuous Veno-venous Hemodiafiltration Treatment Effects on Biomarkers and Outcomes in Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is commonly precipitated by sepsis. Continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVHD) is a critical intervention for managing AKI, but further exploration is needed to understand its effects on novel renal injury markers and patient outcomes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of CVVHD on novel renal injury markers and its prognostic significance in individuals suffering from sepsis-related AKI.

Comparing mid-term outcomes and patient satisfaction between percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy and microendoscopic discectomy for foraminal and extraforaminal lumbar disc herniations: a retrospective matched cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the mid-term outcomes and patient satisfaction between percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) and microendoscopic discectomy (MED) for the treatment of foraminal and extraforaminal lumbar disc herniations.

Methods: A retrospective matched cohort study was conducted, including patients diagnosed with foraminal or extraforaminal lumbar disc herniations who underwent PELD or MED between January 2014 and December 2021. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and perioperative data were analyzed.

Microplastics affect the nitrogen nutrition status of soybean by altering the nitrogen cycle in the rhizosphere soil.

Microplastics (MPs) are widely distributed in agricultural systems. However, studies on the comprehensive effects of MPs on nitrogen cycling in crop rhizosphere soil, and the changes this effect causes to crop growth is still limited. In this study, we investigated how three types of 5 % MPs (polystyrene, PS; polyethylene, PE; polyvinyl chloride, PVC) affect soybean growth by altering rhizosphere soil nitrogen cycling.

The PGAM5-NEK7 interaction is a therapeutic target for NLRP3 inflammasome activation in colitis.

The innate immune sensor NLRP3 inflammasome overactivation is involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. PGAM5 is a mitochondrial phosphatase involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. However, the role of PGAM5 in ulcerative colitis and the mechanisms underlying PGAM5 regulating NLRP3 activity remain unknown.

Differences in storage stability of cow's milk-based and goat's milk-based infant formulas.

Goat's milk-based infant formula (YIF) has the advantages of high nutritional value and hypoallergenicity, and fewer studies have been conducted on YIF. Therefore, this study examined the changes in physicochemical and functional properties of cow's milk-based infant formula (ZIF) and YIF during 6 months of storage at 25 °C, 37 °C, and 50 °C, respectively. The results showed that YIF had higher pH (7.

Structural and Statistical Texture Knowledge Distillation and Learning for Segmentation.

We propose to re-emphasize the low-level texture information in deep networks for semantic segmentation and related knowledge distillation tasks. Low-level texture feature/knowledge is also of vital importance for characterizing the local structural pattern and global statistical property, such as boundary, smoothness, regularity and color contrast, which may not be well addressed by highlevel deep features. In this paper, we are intended to take full advantage of both structural and statistical texture knowledge and propose a novel Structural and Statistical Texture Knowledge Distillation (SSTKD) framework for semantic segmentation.

Emerging glucose oxidase-delivering nanomedicines for enhanced tumor therapy.

Abnormalities in glucose metabolism have been shown to characterize malignant tumors. Glucose depletion by glucose oxidase (GOD) has shown great potential in tumor therapy by causing tumor starvation. Since 2017, nanomedicines have been designed and utilized to deliver GOD for more precise and effective glucose modulation, which can overcome intrinsic limitations of different cancer therapeutic modalities by remodeling the tumor microenvironment to enhance antitumor therapy.

Embryonic exposure of estrogen and BPA in zebrafish leads to ADHD-like and ASD-like phenotypes, respectively.

Exposure to the estrogenic pollutant bisphenol A (BPA) during pregnancy and early childhood is a risk factor for numerous neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in humans. To understand why early BPA exposure is associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we have analyzed a series of zebrafish behaviors, neurodevelopmental process, and gene expression profiles, after a moderate level of estrogen (17β-estradiol, E, as a positive control) and BPA treatments during embryogenesis (2-48 h post fertilization). E exposure-caused hyperactivity was likely due to elevated expression of cyp19a1b since blocking aromatase activity rescued the defect.

Vitamin E alleviates zebrafish intestinal damage and microbial disturbances caused by pyraclostrobin.

Pyraclostrobin (PY) is highly toxic to aquatic organisms, and its increased residues in aquatic environments may have harmful effects on the intestine of aquatic creatures. Previous research demonstrated that vitamin E (VE) alleviated the acute toxicity of PY to zebrafish. This study further explored the mitigation effect of VE on PY-induced intestinal toxicity in fish and the underlying mechanisms by exposing adult zebrafish to PY (10, 20 μg/L) with or without 4 μM VE supplementation for 21 days.

Deciphering the Natural Attenuation of Cyanotoxins: Dissipation, Transformation Pathways, and Genotoxicity.

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) are toxic cyanotoxins frequently found in drinking water sources, posing significant health risks. This study conducted a microcosm experiment using surface lake water exposed to sunlight to investigate the natural attenuation processes of MC-LR and CYN. Results indicated that photodegradation plays a crucial role in the natural attenuation of cyanotoxins.

Identification and Characterization of Three Endophytes Isolated from Wild Barley in China.

endophytes have been found in cool-season grasses and can produce alkaloids that are toxic to vertebrates and insects. Due to their beneficial effects, can provide plants with resistance to some abiotic and biotic stresses. The biological and physiological characteristics of the endophytic strains XJE1, XJE2, and XJE3 isolated from wild barley were measured across a range of pH, salt concentrations, and growth values.

Marine-Derived Diterpenes from 2019 to 2024: Structures, Biological Activities, Synthesis and Potential Applications.

Marine diterpenes are an important category of secondary metabolites derived from marine sources, found in a variety of marine animals, plants, and fungi. The increasing diversity of diterpene compounds, along with their unique chemical structures and specific biological activities, have attracted widespread attention. These activities include anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial effects, and therapeutic actions against cancer, with many already developed into clinical drugs.

Divergent roles of PKM2 in regulating PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression and their implications in human and mouse cancer models.

Cancer cells evade immune detection through checkpoint molecules like PD-L1 and PD-L2 which suppress T-cell activation. While PD-L1 is well-studied, the role of PD-L2 remains unclear. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), a metabolic enzyme, influences immune checkpoint regulation, but its role in PD-L1 and PD-L2 modulation is not well defined.

Establishing a prognostic scoring system and exploring prognostic value of examined lymph node numbers for stage I non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and a Chinese cohort.

Background: There is currently no recognized assessment system to predict disease outcomes for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This research aimed to develop a prognostic scoring system for predicting 5-year overall survival (OS) of individuals with stage I NSCLC following definitive therapeutic intervention. Additionally, the optimal number of examined lymph nodes (ELNs) count for tumors no larger than 30 mm was determined.

Metabolites and metabolic pathway reactions links to sensitization of immunotherapy in pan-cancer.

Metabolic features are crucial in tumor immune interactions, but their relationship with antitumor immune responses is not yet fully understood. This study used Mendelian randomization analysis to identify the causal relationships between blood metabolites and immune cells and to evaluate the effects of metabolic pathways and reactions on antitumor immune responses in various cancers. Levels of 156 metabolites exhibited significant associations with selected immune cells.

Autocrine peptides inhibited the formation of VBNC state of Staphylococcus aureus.

Viable but non-culturable (VBNC) Staphylococcus aureus cannot form colonies on a medium, causing a false negative result in culture-based detection, which is a potential hazard to human health. In this study, four peptides (PVS-1, PVS-2, PVS-3, and PVS-4) were identified in the suspension of S. aureus during the VBNC state induction.

An Integrated Network Pharmacology and RNA-seq Approach for Exploring the Protective Effect of Isoquercitrin in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: Identification of Novel Genes.

Cardiotoxicity, a severe side effect of cytotoxic drugs like doxorubicin (DOX), can lead to cardiomyopathy and heart failure, significantly impacting patient prognosis. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and explores isoquercitrin (IQC) as a potential therapeutic agent. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed 7855 dysregulated genes in DOX vs.