Astragaloside IV Alleviates Brain Injury Induced by Hypoxia via the Calpain-1 Signaling Pathway.

Long-term hypoxia can induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in hippocampal neurons that can lead to brain injury diseases. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is widely used in the antiapoptotic therapy of brain injury diseases. However, its mechanism of action is still not fully understood.

Walnut ointment promotes full-thickness burning wound healing: role of linoleic acid.

Purpose: To investigate the active ingredients of walnut ointment (WO) and its mechanism in repairing wounds.

Methods: The ingredients of WO were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The effect of linoleic acid (LA) was tested by in vitro Alamar Blue (AB) reagent.

Monotropein attenuates doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and arrhythmia via the AKT signal pathway.

As a glycoside iridoid, monotropein (MON) has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects. However, few studies have investigated MON's cardiovascular protective effects. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role of MON in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity.

Salinity and Temperature Dual-Parameter Sensor Based on Fiber Ring Laser with Tapered Side-Hole Fiber Embedded in Sagnac Interferometer.

This paper presented a new kind of salinity and temperature dual-parameter sensor based on a fiber ring laser (FRL) with tapered side-hole fiber (SHF) embedded in a Sagnac interferometer. The sensing structure is majorly composed of tapered SHF located in the middle of SHF inside the Sagnac interferometer loop structure. The influences of the SHF's diameters of different tapered in the Sagnac interferometer loop on the FRL sensing system are studied.

SIRT4 Expression Ameliorates the Detrimental Effect of Heat Stress via AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway in BMECs.

Sirtuin 4 (SIRT4), a member of the SIRT family, has been reported to be a key factor involved in antioxidant defense in mitochondria. This study aimed to explore the potential molecular mechanism via which SIRT4 regulates heat stress-induced oxidative stress and lactoprotein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). Our results showed that SIRT4 was significantly decreased in heat stressed mammary tissue.

Predicting willingness to donate blood based on machine learning: two blood donor recruitments during COVID-19 outbreaks.

Machine learning methods are a novel way to predict and rank donors' willingness to donate blood and to achieve precision recruitment, which can improve the recruitment efficiency and meet the challenge of blood shortage. We collected information about experienced blood donors via short message service (SMS) recruitment and developed 7 machine learning-based recruitment models using PyCharm-Python Environment and 13 features which were described as a method for ranking and predicting donors' intentions to donate blood with a floating number between 0 and 1. Performance of the prediction models was assessed by the Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score in the full dataset, and by the accuracy in the four sub-datasets.

sp. nov., a novel 1,3-xylanase-secreting bacterium isolated from a marine green alga.

1,3-xylan, an important organic carbon in the ocean, is peculiar to marine algae. 1,3-xylanase-secreting bacteria and their extracellular 1,3-xylanases play pivotal roles in the degradation and biomass conversion of 1,3-xylan. However, only a few 1,3-xylanase-secreting bacteria and 1,3-xylanases have been reported.

New insight for purifying polluted river water using the combination of large-scale rotating biological contactors and integrated constructed wetlands in the cold season.

Ecological treatment technologies, applied to deal with polluted river water in the low temperature season, remain limited. In this study, a new insight was put forward for purifying polluted river water using a combination system (CS) of large-scale rotating biological contactors (RBCs) and integrated constructed wetlands in autumn and winter. The treatment performance, average removal contribution (RC), nitrification and denitrification rates, microbial community structure, and ecosystem service value were considered to estimate the combination system.

Has COVID-19 accelerated the E-commerce of agricultural products? Evidence from sales data of E-stores in China.

We investigated the operation of e-stores specializing in food and agricultural products before and after the occurrence of COVID-19. A difference-in-difference (DID) method was employed to estimate the relationship between COVID-19 and the online sales of agricultural products using data from 164,002 food and agricultural product e-commerce stores (in short, e-stores) of two major Chinese e-commerce platforms in 120 prefectural-level or above cities. The results demonstrated that while COVID-19 and its control measures were associated with a substantial growth in the monthly sales of food and agricultural product e-stores, the growth varies considerably across store scales and with the type of food and agricultural product in which an e-store is specialized.

The impact of human and livestock respiration on CO emissions from 14 global cities.

Background: The CO released by humans and livestock through digestion and decomposition is an important part of the urban carbon cycle, but is rarely considered in studies of city carbon budgets since its annual magnitude is usually much lower than that of fossil fuel emissions within the boundaries of cities. However, human and livestock respiration may be substantial compared to fossil fuel emissions in areas with high population density such as Manhattan or Beijing. High-resolution datasets of CO released from respiration also have rarely been reported on a global scale or in cities globally.

Association of Taxane Type With Patient-Reported Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Among Patients With Breast Cancer.

Importance: Understanding the detailed symptom spectrum of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) could facilitate shared decision-making and promote early intervention.

Objective: To compare the symptom spectrum of patient-reported CIPN associated with nab-paclitaxel, paclitaxel, and docetaxel treatments among patients with breast cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective cohort study was conducted at 9 medical centers across China from 2019 to 2021.

Brief Report: Sex Differences in the Association Between Cerebrovascular Function and Cognitive Health in People Living With HIV in Urban China.

Background: Cardiometabolic and cerebrovascular disease are strong independent contributors to cognitive impairment in people living with HIV. Data suggest that cardiovascular risk may play a greater role in cognitive health in women than in men with HIV.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 104 participants with virologically suppressed HIV from 2 clinics in urban China.

The factors influencing the efficiency of drug-coated balloons.

The drug-coated balloon (DCB) is an emerging percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) device that delivers drugs to diseased vessels to decrease the rate of vascular stenosis. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated that DCBs tend to have both good safety and efficacy profiles, leading to extended application indications in the clinic, including in-stent restenosis (ISR) for metal stents such as drug-eluting stents (DESs), small vascular disease, bifurcation disease, large vascular disease, acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and high bleeding risk. However, some previous clinical data have suggested that DCBs performed less effectively than DESs.

TGF-β1 suppresses de novo cholesterol biosynthesis in granulosa-lutein cells by down-regulating DHCR24 expression via the GSK-3β/EZH2/H3K27me3 signaling pathway.

Cholesterol is a precursor to steroid hormones and can be obtained from serum LDL or de novo synthesis in steroidogenic cells. Before luteinizing hormone (LH) surge-induced ovulation, follicles remain avascular, and cholesterol required for progesterone production in granulosa cells (GCs) is derived from de novo biosynthesis. Previous studies have verified that the intrafollicular TGF-β1 plays inhibitory roles in GCs luteinization, vascularization, and progesterone production.

Adaptive Fiber-Ring Lasers Based on Isopropanol Filled Microfiber Coupler for High-Sensitivity Temperature Sensing.

We demonstrated a new method for temperature measurement inside a fiber ring laser (FRL) cavity. Different from traditional FRL temperature sensing system which need additional filter working as a sensor, a micro-fiber coupler (MFC) was designed as a beam splitter, filter, and temperature sensor. In addition, isopropanol, a liquid with very high photothermal coefficient, is selectively filled in the MFC in order to improve the sensitivity of the system on temperature.

Bta-miR-6531 Regulates Calcium Influx in Bovine Leydig Cells and Is Associated with Sperm Motility.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in sperm as the regulatory factors involved in fertility and subsequent early embryonic development. Bta-miR-6531 is specifically a highly enriched miRNA in low-motility sperms in previous study. To investigate the mechanism of bta-miR-6531, 508 shared target genes of bta-miR-6531 were predicted using two miRNA target databases (TargetScan7 and miRWalk).

A multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) technology assisted H-NMR methodology for multi-component quantitation of Trichosanthis Pericarpium injection.

Introduction: Trichosanthis Pericarpium injection (TPI) is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation obtained from Trichosanthis Pericarpium by extraction, purification and sterilisation. It contains amino acids, alkaloids, nucleotides and other components. Existing quantitative methods only analyse a few components in injections, so this study intends to develop a method for comprehensive analysis of TPI components.

Leveraging Balanced Semantic Embedding for Generative Zero-Shot Learning.

Generative (generalized) zero-shot learning [(G)ZSL] models aim to synthesize unseen class features by using only seen class feature and attribute pairs as training data. However, the generated fake unseen features tend to be dominated by the seen class features and thus classified as seen classes, which can lead to inferior performances under zero-shot learning (ZSL), and unbalanced results under generalized ZSL (GZSL). To address this challenge, we tailor a novel balanced semantic embedding generative network (BSeGN), which incorporates balanced semantic embedding learning into generative learning scenarios in the pursuit of unbiased GZSL.

Metagenomic Analysis of Gut Microbiome in Gout Patients with Different Chinese Traditional Medicine Treatments.

Introduction: Changes in eating habits have made gout a metabolic disease of increasing concern. Previous studies have indicated that there are significant differences in species composition and abundance of gut microbiome in gout patients compared with average. Considering that traditional Chinese medicine has a momentous effect in treating gout, the research study aimed to explore the differences of genomic and metabolomics of gut microbiome before and after traditional Chinese medicine treatment in patients with gout.

Lead Exposure Induced Neural Stem Cells Death via Notch Signaling Pathway and Gut-Brain Axis.

Numerous studies have examined the effects of lead (Pb) on cognitive ability. It is essential for the brain to maintain its functions through the differentiation of neural stem cells into various types of cells. Despite this, it remains unclear how Pb exposure affects neural stem cells and how it does, so the Pb-exposed mice were treated with the Notch inhibitor DAPT after we established the Pb exposure models.

Lead Disrupts Mitochondrial Morphology and Function through Induction of ER Stress in Model of Neurotoxicity.

Lead exposure may weaken the ability of learning and memory in the nervous system through mitochondrial paramorphia and dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In our works, with SD rats, primary culture of hippocampal neuron and PC12 cell line model were built up and behavioral tests were performed to determine the learning and memory insults; Western blot, immunological staining, and electron microscope were then conducted to determine endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial paramorphia and dysfunction.

Coupled microscale zero valent iron-autotrophic hydrogen bacteria dechlorination system is not always superior to its standalone counterparts: A sustainable remediation perspective.

The coupling of microscale zero-valent iron with autotrophic hydrogen bacteria (mZVI-AHB) are often believed to show greater potential than the single abiotic or biotic systems in remediating chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon-contaminated groundwater. However, our understanding of the remediation performance of this system under real field conditions, especially by incorporating the concept of sustainable remediation, remains limited. In this study, the performances of the mZVI, H-AHB, and mZVI-AHB systems in dechlorinating groundwater containing complex electron acceptors were compared by evaluating their removal efficiency (RE), reaction products, and electron efficiency (EE), using trichloroethylene (TCE) as the target contaminant and NO and SO as the coexisting natural electron acceptors.

Inhibition of TRPC6 suppressed TGFβ-induced fibroblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation in renal interstitial NRK-49F cells.

Renal fibrosis is a global health concern with limited curative treatment. Canonical transient receptor potential channel 6 (TRPC6), a nonselective cation channel, has been shown to regulate the renal fibrosis in murine models. However, the molecular mechanism is unclear.

A comprehensive review of BET-targeting PROTACs for cancer therapy.

Targeted protein degradation using proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) has emerged as an effective strategy for drug discovery, given their unique advantages over target protein inhibition. The bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family proteins play a key role in regulating oncogene expression and are considered attractive therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. Considering the therapeutic potential of BET proteins in cancer and the marked attractiveness of PROTACs, BET-targeting PROTACs have been extensively pursued.

Cellular communication network factor 1 interlinks autophagy and ERK signaling to promote osteogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1), a critical matricellular protein, on alveolar bone regeneration, and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism.

Background: In the process of orthodontic tooth movement, bone deposition on the tension side of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) ensured high efficiency and long-term stability of the treatment. The matricellular protein CCN1 is responsive to mechanical stimulation, exhibiting important tasks in bone homoeostasis.