Ultrafast all-optical modulation based on graphene-microfiber.

We proposed and studied an all-optical modulator based on graphene-microfiber (GMF), and prepared GMF by transferring graphene to the surface of the tapered region of the microfiber. The all-optical modulation characteristics and ultrafast all-optical modulation characteristics of GMF under different light source combinations were studied, and the all-optical modulator was completed. The experimental results show that GMF can achieve all-optical modulation, and broadband pump light can modulate single-pulse signal light.

Comparative genomics of three non-hematophagous leeches ( spp.) with emphasis on antithrombotic biomolecules.

Leeches are well known for blood-feeding habits and are widely used for medicinal purposes as they secrete various antithrombotic substances. However, some leeches exhibit non-hematophagous habits and their significance for medicinal use is controversial. Here we provide the chromosome-level genomes of two non-hematophagous leeches, and , and, in combination with previous results from , we compared these genomes with an emphasis on antithrombotic biomolecules.

P21-Activated Kinase 2 as a Novel Target for Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias Associated with Cardiac Adrenergic Stress and Hypertrophy.

Ventricular arrhythmias associated with cardiac adrenergic stress and hypertrophy pose a significant clinical challenge. We explored ventricular anti-arrhythmic effects of P21-activated kinase 2 (Pak2), comparing in vivo and ex vivo cardiomyocyte-specific Pak2 knockout (Pak2) or overexpression (Pak2) murine models, under conditions of acute adrenergic stress, and hypertrophy following chronic transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Pak2 was downregulated 5 weeks following the latter TAC challenge.

Steps to improve the outcome of a single ablation procedure for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: Significance of a burst stimulation-guided ablation strategy.

Background: The outcome of a single ablation procedure for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is suboptimal. The value of burst stimulation and additional ablation following the isolation of pulmonary vein (PV) and superior vena cava (SVC) remains unclear.

Objective: The aim of this study was to optimize the ablation strategy and improve the outcome of a single procedure for PAF.

Mechanism of action of aloperine in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension based on network pharmacology and molecular docking methods.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a severe pulmonary vascular disease, marked by high mortality and substantial treatment costs, underscoring the urgent need for the exploration of traditional Chinese medicine as a potential therapeutic strategy for pulmonary hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of aloperine in treating PAH through network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches.

Methods: The Swiss Target Prediction database was employed to predict molecular targets of aloperine, while Cytoscape was used to construct the "active component-target" network.

Dynamic Pathophysiological Insight into the Brain by NIR-II Imaging.

Cerebral collateral circulation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) are critically required to maintain the normal brain functions, a fact stressing the need for accurate and in vivo diagnostic tools that can afford valuable pathophysiological insight into the functioning of neurovascular unit in space and time. Currently, understanding of collateral perfusion and BBB evolution under both physiological and pathological conditions remains sparse, largely owing to limitations in methods for recording diminutive route of cerebral blood flow. Here, it is reported that highly crystalline semiconducting organic nanoprobes (named 4T-BSA) composed of small-molecule dye and bovine serum albumin showed vast potential for live-brain vascular imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm).

Specific detection of Brucella spp. from slaughter-aged livestock using a dual priming oligonucleotide system.

Background: Brucella spp. are Gram-negative bacteria causing brucellosis, a major zoonotic disease affecting animals and humans. Annually, over 500,000 human cases are reported globally, with many undiagnosed due to nonspecific symptoms and diagnostic challenges.

Zhichuanling injection improves bronchial asthma by attenuation airway inflammation and epithelia-mesenchymal transition.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Zhichuanling (ZCL) Injection, is a compound formulation containing extracts of mahuang (Herba Ephedrae, dried stem or aerial part of Ephedra sinica Stapf), bitter almond (Semen Armeniacae Amarum, seeds of Prunus armeniaca var. sibirica (L.) K.

A naturally evolved metal ion transfer mechanism that improves the catalytic performance and stability of superoxide dismutase.

Inadequate binding of metal ions is a major cause of low activity and loss of function in metalloenzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD). In this study, we report a previously undescribed metal ion transfer mechanism mediated by the metal ion binding domain (MIBD) of SOD, which significantly improves SOD activity and stability. MIBD is mainly found in the N-terminal domain of SOD from Paenibacillus, which evolves under a metal ion deficient environment.

Classified detection of antibiotics using FeO@Eu(BDC) as a fluorescent probe.

Background: In recent years, fluorescence sensing technology by rare-earth metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) as probes has garnered extensive attention in the domains of environmental quality testing, pollutant reduction, and biomolecule analysis because of its non-disruptive nature, rapid response, and high sensitivity. The research on aided magnetic controlling has further advanced the industrial value of Ln-MOFs, but the accomplishment of high specificity and rapid recovery still is a challenge for the magnetic Ln-MOFs in practical applications.

Results: A magnetic Ln-MOFs, FeO@Eu(BDC), doped with FeO using HBDC as the ligand and Eu as the central ion through co-precipitation, has been successfully synthesized.

The regulation mechanism of perceived stress on cognitive function of patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy: a multiple mediation analysis.

Aim: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is one of the severe side effects affecting the quality of life of breast cancer (BC) patients. However, the mechanisms underlying CRCI are still unclear. The study aimed to examine the multiple mediating roles of resilience, social support, cortisol, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the relationship between perceived stress and cognitive function.

The intestinal microbial community and function of at different developmental stages and its effects on development.

Introduction: is a destructive pest that threatens multiple leguminous crops in China. The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in the growth and reproduction of host insects. However, the composition and function of the gut microbiota at different developmental stages remain unclear.

Effects of FAP+ fibroblasts on cell proliferation migration and immunoregulation of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells through the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) secrete and synthesize fibroblast activation protein (FAP), which could promote proliferation and immunosuppression of multiple cancers including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling could be revitalized by CAFs in cancer cells. Nevertheless, the significance of this interaction in ESCC has yet to be elucidated.

Property-Based Design of Xanthine Derivatives as Potent and Orally Available TRPC4/5 Inhibitors for Depression and Anxiety.

Transient receptor potential canonical channels 4 and 5 (TRPC4/5) are nonselective cation channels involved in emotional regulation, positioning them to be promising targets for treating mental disorders such as anxiety and depression. HC-070, a potent TRPC4/5 inhibitor, exhibits significant anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in animal models, though its drug-like properties require optimization. In this study, we applied a property-based drug design (PBDD) approach to optimize HC-070, leading to the discovery of compound , which shows improved LipE and Fsp3 values, reduced hERG blocking activity, enhanced metabolic stability, increased aqueous solubility, and superior oral bioavailability.

The triglyceride-glucose index trajectories are associated with cardiovascular diseases in people living with HIV: evidence from a prospective cohort study in China, 2005-2022.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been validated as a novel biomarker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, the prospective relationship between baseline and long-term trajectories of the TyG index and CVD risk in people living with HIV (PLWH) remains unexplored.

Methods: This cohort study included 16,122 treatment-naive PLWH who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen from 2005 to 2022.

TRPC6 suppresses liver fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation via CaMK4-CREB pathway.

Background And Purpose: Genetic ablation or inhibition of the cation channel TRPC6 is protective against renal, cardiac and intestinal fibrosis. However, TRPC6 expression is decreased in patients with liver diseases. Here, we explored the role of TRPC6 in liver fibrosis and the underlying mechanism.

Carbon nanotube paper with different polymer composition for laser ablation propulsion.

Laser ablation propulsion is an important micro-propulsion system for microsatellites. Polymers with carbon added and carbon-based nanomaterial have been demonstrated as propellants with high impulse coupling coefficient (C). Among them, the carbon nanotube film exhibits a low ablation threshold fluence of 25 mJ/cm, which shows its potential for propulsion under low laser fluence.

Esketamine at a Clinical Dose Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting AKT Signaling Pathway to Facilitate Microglia M2 Polarization and Autophagy.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the protective effect of a clinical dose esketamine on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and to reveal the potential mechanisms associated with microglial polarization and autophagy.

Methods: Experimental cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in adult rats and simulated by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in BV-2 microglial cells. Neurological and sensorimotor function, cerebral infarct volume, histopathological changes, mitochondrial morphological changes, and apoptosis of ischemic brain tissues were assessed in the presence or absence of esketamine and the autophagy inducer rapamycin.

Development and Evaluation of Aloperine-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Objective: This study focuses on the development and evaluation of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with aloperine as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Methods: The NLCs were designed to enhance the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of aloperine, a compound with vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Through a series of experiments including single-factor experimentation, transmission electron microscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and tissue distribution studies, we assessed the physicochemical properties, drug release profiles, and in vitro and in vivo performance of this novel nanocarrier.

Arsenic-induced modulation of virulence and drug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Arsenic contamination of water sources, whether from natural or industrial origins, represents a significant risk to human health. However, its impact on waterborne pathogens remains understudied. This research explores the effects of arsenic exposure on the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a bacterium found in diverse environments.

Genomic analysis of Vreelandella sp. F11 reveals its role in alginate utilization.

Alginate, mainly produced by brown algae, is an important polysaccharide that supports the growth of marine bacteria. Vreelandella sp. F11 is a Gram-negative and aerobic marine bacterium, which was isolated from the brown algae sample collected from the Weihai coast, the Yellow Sea, China.

RECQL4 affects MHC class II-mediated signalling and favours an immune-evasive signature that limits response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with malignant melanoma.

Background: Cancer immunotherapy has transformed metastatic cancer treatment, yet challenges persist regarding therapeutic efficacy. RECQL4, a RecQ-like helicase, plays a central role in DNA replication and repair as part of the DNA damage response, a pathway implicated in enhancing efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies. However, its role in patient response to ICI remains unclear.