Single-cell RNA-sequencing and genome-wide Mendelian randomisation along with abundant machine learning methods identify a novel B cells signature in gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) has a poor prognosis, considerable cellular heterogeneity, and ranks fifth among malignant tumours. Understanding the tumour microenvironment (TME) and intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH) may lead to the development of novel GC treatments.

Methods: The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, where diverse immune cells were isolated and re-annotated based on cell markers established in the original study to ascertain their individual characteristics.

A SARS-CoV-2 EG.5 mRNA vaccine induces a broad-spectrum immune response in mice.

The emerging of emergent SARS-CoV-2 subvariants has reduced the protective efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. Therefore, novel COVID-19 vaccines targeting these emergent variants are needed. We designed and prepared CoV072, an mRNA-based vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (EG.

Research trends and focus of prosthetic joint infections from 2013 to 2023: bibliometric and visualization studies.

Background: Postoperative infections in artificial joints provide considerable difficulties in the field of orthopedics, especially after joint replacement procedures. These infections rank among the most severe postoperative consequences, frequently leading to treatment ineffectiveness and reduced quality of life for surgery patients. Consequently, it is crucial to acquire knowledge about worldwide research trends in this area in order to educate clinical practices and improve therapeutic techniques.

Spray drying of reconstituted skim milk fermented with GG: control of glass transition and stickiness.

The effects of glass transition and stickiness on the direct spray drying of reconstituted skim milk (RSM) fermented with GG (LGG) were investigated. The fermented RSM did not spray dry properly due to severe wall depositions; however, it dried well (comparable to the control; RSM with resuspended LGG cells) when skim milk powder (SMP) was added. Adding SMP significantly increased the glass transition and sticky point temperatures of spray-dried powder, ranging from 18.

Prognostic Impact of Adjuvant Immunotherapy in Patients With Resectable NSCLC After Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy: A Brief Report.

Objective: The potential survival benefits of adjuvant immunotherapy for resectable NSCLC after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, and the optimal number of adjuvant immunotherapy cycles, remain uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic impact of adjuvant immunotherapy and determine the optimal number of cycles.

Methods: A total of 438 patients who received neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy between August 2019 and June 2022 across four hospitals were enrolled in this study, with a median follow-up time of 31.

RTN4IP1 Contributes to ESCC via Regulation of Amino Acid Transporters.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for about 90% of esophageal cancer cases. The lack of effective therapeutic targets makes it difficult to improve the overall survival of patients with ESCC. Reticulon 4 Interacting Protein 1 (RTN4IP1) is a novel mitochondrial oxidoreductase.

Real-Time Volumetric Free-Hand Ultrasound Imaging for Large-Sized Organs: A Study of Imaging the Whole Spine.

Objectives: Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound imaging can overcome the limitations of conventional two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound imaging in structural observation and measurement. However, conducting volumetric ultrasound imaging for large-sized organs still faces difficulties including long acquisition time, inevitable patient movement, and 3D feature recognition. In this study, we proposed a real-time volumetric free-hand ultrasound imaging system optimized for the above issues and applied it to the clinical diagnosis of scoliosis.

Multi-wavelength luminescent sensor by lanthanide complex doped amino-clay for visual ofloxacin detection.

Fluoroquinolone antibiotic residues, ofloxacin (OFX) have aroused more attention because of their serious influence on surface water and food area, which seriously affect human health. Herein, a visible and high-performance sensor method for detecting OFX is fabricated successfully by co-assembling bimetallic Ln (Eu/Tb) and amino-clay named EuTb(BZ)@AC. By changing the ultraviolet excitation wavelength, the sensor displayed high sensitivity and low detection limit to OFX in different modes of detection OFX, which are ratiometric luminescent sensor and turn-on luminescent sensor approaches.

Stress-induced self-assembly of hierarchically twisted stripe arrays.

Hierarchical organization is prevalent in nature, yet the artificial construction of hierarchical materials featuring asymmetric structures remains a big challenge. Herein, we report a stress-induced self-assembly strategy for the synthesis of hierarchically twisted stripe arrays (HTSAs) with mesoporous structures. A soft and thin mesostructured film assembled by micelles and TiO oligomers is the prerequisite.

Lanosterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51)/Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) Dual Inhibitors for the Treatment of Invasive Candidiasis.

Invasive candidiasis has attracted global attention with a high incidence and mortality. Current antifungal drugs are limited by unfavorable therapeutic efficacy, significant hepatorenal toxicity, and the development of drug resistance. Herein, we designed the first generation of lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51)/heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) dual inhibitors on the basis of antifungal synergism.

An active protein from Dendrobium officinale residue: Protects the gastric mucosa and stabilized in the gastrointestinal tract.

A large number of by-products generated in the food industry is discarded as waste, especially the residue left after extracting plant resources, which is typically repurposed as fertilizer. In this study, we extracted and purified a new protein, DOP1, from the residue of Dendrobium officinale Kimura & Migo (D. officinale), and explored the protective effect of DOP1 on alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury.

FcRn-guided antigen trafficking enhances cancer vaccine efficacy.

The development of tumor vaccines represents a significant focus within cancer therapeutics research. Nonetheless, the efficiency of antigen presentation in tumor vaccine remains suboptimal. We introduce an innovative mRNA-lipid nanoparticle platform designed to express tumor antigenic epitopes fused with the transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic tail of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn).

Advanced Catalysts for the Chemical Recycling of Plastic Waste.

Plastic products bring convenience to various aspects of the daily lives due to their lightweight, durability and versatility, but the massive accumulation of post-consumer plastic waste is posing significant environmental challenges. Catalytic methods can effectively convert plastic waste into value-added feedstocks, with catalysts playing an important role in regulating the yield and selectivity of products. This review explores the latest advancements in advanced catalysts applied in thermal catalysis, microwave-assisted catalysis, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and enzymatic catalysis reaction systems for the chemical recycling of plastic waste into valuable feedstocks.

Cep78 knockout causes sterility and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia in male mice.

Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) is a common cause of infertility among males, and the majority of cases of idiopathic OAT are thought to be attributed to genetic defects. In this study, the role of the CEP78 protein in spermatogenesis was initially investigated using Cep78 knockout (Cep78) mice. Notably, the male Cep78 mice exhibited the OAT phenotype and sterility.

Integrated multiomics signatures to optimize the accurate diagnosis of lung cancer.

Diagnosing lung cancer from indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPLs) remains challenging. In this multi-institutional study involving 2032 participants with IPLs, we integrate the clinical, radiomic with circulating cell-free DNA fragmentomic features in 5-methylcytosine (5mC)-enriched regions to establish a multiomics model (clinic-RadmC) for predicting the malignancy risk of IPLs. The clinic-RadmC yields an area-under-the-curve (AUC) of 0.

Self-assembled hole-selective contact for efficient Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells and all-perovskite tandems.

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have displayed unpredictable potential in efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Yet most of SAMs are largely suitable for pure Pb-based devices, precisely developing promising hole-selective contacts (HSCs) for Sn-based PSCs and exploring the underlying general mechanism are fundamentally desired. Here, based on the prototypical donor-acceptor SAM MPA-BT-BA (BT), oligoether side chains with different length (i.

Mismatch prime editing gRNA increased efficiency and reduced indels.

Prime editing enables precise and efficient genome editing, but its efficacy is hindered by pegRNA's 3' extension, forming secondary structures due to high complementarity with the protospacer. The continuous presence of the prime editing system also leads to unintended indel formation, raising safety concerns for therapeutic applications. To address these challenges, we develop a mismatched pegRNA (mpegRNA) strategy that introduces mismatched bases into the pegRNA protospacer, reducing complementarity and secondary structure formation, and preventing sustained activity.

Sources analysis and risk assessment of heavy metals in soil in a polymetallic mining area in southeastern Hubei based on Monte Carlo simulation.

This study investigates the pollution characteristics, spatial patterns, causes, and ecological risks of heavy metals in the soils of the southeastern Hubei polymetallic mining areas, specifically the Jilongshan (JLS) and Tonglushan (TLS) regions, located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The main findings are as follows: (1) Among the heavy metals present in the soil, copper (Cu) has the highest average concentration at 278.54 mg/kg, followed by zinc (Zn) at 161.

Direct Synthesis of Topology-Controlled BODIPY and CO2-Based Zirconium Metal-Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction.

Boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based zirconium metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) possess strong light-harvesting capabilities and great potential for artificial photosynthesis without the use of sacrificial reagents. However, their direct preparation has not yet been achieved due to challenges in synthesizing suitable ligands. Herein, we reported the first successful direct synthesis of BODIPY-based Zr-MOFs, utilizing CO₂ as a feedstock.

Adding Insult to Injury: When Atrial Fibrillation Encounters Left Bundle Branch Block.

Background: It is not uncommon that atrial fibrillation (AF) coexists with left bundle branch block (LBBB). Whether LBBB is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in AF patients remains undetermined. This study aims to investigate the impact of LBBB on the AF-related outcomes in non-valvular AF patients.

Plant species determine elementome differentiation and element coupling during deadwood decay.

The elemental dynamics and interactions within deadwood profoundly influence carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. Recent studies have investigated macronutrient cycling during deadwood decay of specific plants, yet the dynamics and interactions of micronutrients, trace elements, and the elementome across species and decay stages remain unexplored. Here, we investigated the elementome and their coupling relationships across five decay stages of downed deadwood (DDW) from four dominant species (Hippophae rhamnoides, Populus purdomii, Abies fabri, and Picea brachytyla) along the Hailuogou Glacier primary successional chronosequence.

ACTN1 promotes cell invasion, migration, and EMT in thyroid cancer and is associated with immune infiltration.

Alpha-actin-1 (ACTN1) is a cytoskeletal protein, and new evidence suggests that it is associated with tumor progression and prognosis. However, the expression of ACTN1 in thyroid carcinoma (THCA) and its biological functions are not fully understood. This study aimed to explore the expression and biological function of ACTN1 in THCA.

Mineralization and metallogenic model of the Laurani high-sulfidation epithermal deposit in northeastern Bolivian Altiplano.

The Laurani high-sulfidation epithermal deposit, located in the northeastern Altiplano of Bolivia, is a representative gold-polymetallic deposit linked to the late Miocene volcanic rocks that were formed approximately at about 7.5 Ma. At Laurani, four mineralization stages are defined.

Inter-year consistencies and discrepancies on intestinal microbiota for overwintering relict gulls: correlations with food composition and implications for environmental adaptation.

The gut microbiota of migratory birds is influenced by their food choices, and exploring the potential relationship between diet composition and gut microbiota can help better protect related species. By integrating non-invasive sampling techniques, high-throughput sequencing technology, and microscopic examination technology, this study presents the first evidence on diet composition during overwintering periods as well as the potential relationship between diet composition and gut microbiota in wild relict gulls (). Thirty-five fecal samples from two consecutive overwintering periods (2021 and 2022 overwintering periods) in Tianjin coastal wetland were used to investigate inter-year consistencies and discrepancies on diet composition and gut microbiota in wild It was found that the common dominant phyla of both 2021 and 2022 group included Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Actinobacteriota.