Cascadable optical nonlinear activation function based on Ge-Si.

To augment the capabilities of optical computing, specialized nonlinear devices as optical activation functions are crucial for enhancing the complexity of optical neural networks. However, existing optical nonlinear activation function devices often encounter challenges in preparation, compatibility, and multi-layer cascading. Here, we propose a cascadable optical nonlinear activation function architecture based on Ge-Si structured devices.

A Call for Innovative Translational and Clinical Research to Address China's Unique Cancer Landscape.

The Chinese government has, in recent decades, implemented various administrative laws and regulatory policies to expedite cancer therapeutic development, boosting research and development pipelines for domestic pharmaceutical companies and clinical trials; however, China faces unique challenges given the high prevalence of certain cancer types and distinct disease burdens, some of which are frequently overlooked by international pharmaceutical companies. Given the substantial unmet need for China-specific cancer care, it is crucial to promote the development of innovative pharmaceutical and clinical research in China, with a particular emphasis on addressing tumors most prevalent in its population.

Preferences of Cancer Survivors for Follow-Up Care: A Systematic Review of Discrete Choice Experiments.

Background And Objective: Cancer survivors frequently encounter multiple challenges, including physical, psychological, social, emotional, and financial difficulties. These challenges significantly impact their quality of life and recovery process. This systematic review intends to delineate and assess the evidence gathered from discrete choice experiments, aiming to unravel the preferences of cancer survivors towards their follow-up care.

Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from the Photooxidation of Aromatic Ketone Intermediate Volatile Organic Compounds.

Oxygenated aromatics are substantial secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursors, such as benzyl alcohol and phenolic compounds. Aromatic ketone intermediate volatile organic compounds (IVOCs), as a subclass of oxygenated aromatics, were found in anthropogenic source emissions and may contribute to SOA formation. However, the SOA yields and formation pathways of aromatic ketone IVOCs remain unknown.

Enhancement of hydrogen production in dark fermentation of corn stover hydrolysates through composite electric field pretreatment: Improving enzymatic efficiency and regulating microbial metabolic balance.

This study investigates the effects of composite electric field pretreatment (CEP) on hydrogen production from corn stover enzymatic hydrolysates in dark fermentation. The findings reveal that under optimal conditions, the CEP group achieved a cumulative hydrogen yield of 77.3  ±  2.

ANXA1 Enhances the Proangiogenic Potential of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

Dental trauma is highly prevalent in children and adolescents, alongside tooth decay. This condition mainly induces pulp contamination, pulp necrosis, and tooth avulsion in the clinical context. The disturbance to root growth is prone to occur in immature permanent teeth.

Key Process Control for Synthesizing High-Performance Inherently Flame-Retardant Long-Chain Bio-Based Polyamide.

Long-chain bio-based polyamide has shown promising development prospects due to its excellent properties and green renewable characteristics; however, synthesizing inherently flame-retardant long-chain bio-based polyamide remains a big challenge due to the lack of effective knowledge of the key polymerization process. Herein, intrinsicly flame-retardant long-chain bio-based polyamide 512 (PA512) was synthesized in the presence of a reactive flame retardant with high thermal stability and good water solubility. The reaction conditions and existing problems in each stage of the copolymerization system have been clarified and optimized.

Pembrolizumab With or Without Maintenance Olaparib for Metastatic Squamous NSCLC That Responded to First-Line Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy.

Introduction: Poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors can up-regulate programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression and promote immune-mediated responses and may improve efficacy of first-line anti‒programmed cell death protein 1‒based therapies in patients with metastatic squamous NSCLC.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial (NCT03976362), adults with previously untreated stage IV squamous NSCLC received four cycles of induction therapy (pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks plus carboplatin and paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel). Patients with disease control were randomized to 31 cycles of pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks plus olaparib 300 mg orally twice daily or placebo.

Targeted Analysis of Mitochondrial Protein Conformations and Interactions by Endogenous ROS-Triggered Cross-Linker Release.

The study of in situ conformations and interactions of mitochondrial proteins plays a crucial role in understanding their biological functions. Current chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry (CX-MS) has difficulty in achieving in-depth analysis of mitochondrial proteins for cells without genetic modification. Herein, this work develops the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive cross-linker delivery nanoparticles (R-CDNP) targeting mitochondria.

Conditional deletion of IPR1 by Islet1-Cre in mice reveals a critical role of IPR1 in interstitial cells of Cajal in regulating GI motility.

Background And Aims: Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 (IPR1) has been proposed to play a physiological role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility, but the underlying cell-dependent mechanism remains unclear. Here, we utilized cell-specific IPR1 deletion strategies to address this question in mice.

Methods: Conditional IPR1 knockout mice using Wnt1-Cre, Islet1-Cre mice, and smMHC-Cre were generated.

Effect of Elevated Temperatures on Inflammatory Cytokine Release: An and Population-Based Study.

Extreme high temperatures in the summer have become a global concern, and their risks to the inflammatory system have been largely unknown. Here we appraised the exposure risks of summer heatwaves by comparing the sera cytokine levels in healthy individuals under high and normal temperatures. In addition, we established a cell model with a 1.

Shape-dependent aerosol dynamics in indoor environments: Penetration, deposition, and dispersion.

Particle shape exerts a significant influence on their dynamic behavior, and it is imperative to elucidate these effects given the potential for severe environmental toxicity associated with shaped particles. Despite extensive research on the dynamical processes of spherical particles, the behaviors of non-spherical particles have been insufficiently investigated. In this study, we have developed a suite of computation-based models that account for particle shape and have reported on the typical dynamical behaviors of non-spherical particles within indoor environments.

Systemic immune inflammatory index (SII) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) as predictors of postoperative delirium in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) with cerebral infarction.

Objective: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) and is associated with significant morbidity. This study aims to evaluate the correlation of systemic immune inflammatory index (SII) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) with postoperative delirium (POD) in patients with cerebral infarction undergoing OPCABG.

Methods: The perioperative cohort study included 321 patients who underwent OPCABG.

Study of direct and indirect risk assessment of landslide impacts on ultrahigh-voltage electricity transmission lines.

Ultrahigh-voltage electricity systems are a vital part of energy networks, often across wide regions passing through mountainous terrains. The instability of slopes forming tower foundations along transmission lines poses a large risk to the entire energy network. Moreover, the tower foundations along extra-high-voltage electricity transmission lines are a very special type of element that are also highly vulnerable to landslides.

[Mining and analysis of regulatory loci for VB6 content in rice grains].

Vitamin B6 (VB6), as an essential component involved in numerous biological activities of animals and plants, reflects the nutritional quality of cereal crops such as rice. Few studies have been conducted to mine the genes controlling the VB6 content in rice grains, and the available studies remain to be deepened. In this study, the recombinant inbred lines created from parents 'HZ' and 'Nekken2' served as the experimental materials.

Utilizing press needle acupuncture to treat mild-to-moderate COVID-19: A single-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Background: In China, acupuncture has been employed as an adjunctive therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Press needle acupuncture is a special type of acupuncture that provides prolonged stimulation to acupuncture points and simultaneously reduces the pain associated with traditional acupuncture. This study assessed the effectiveness of integrating press needles alongside pharmacologic treatment in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of anticoagulation, percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy, and catheter-directed thrombolysis treatments for acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.

Background: There is a lack of health economics studies on the treatment of acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis to measure the benefits to patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of anticoagulation (AC), percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT), and catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT).

Methods: The above 3 methods were selected according to the patient's treatment wishes.

Small Molecule Drug C381 Attenuates Brain Vascular Damage Following Repetitive Mild Traumatic Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant public health concern, with no effective therapeutic interventions to ameliorate the enduring consequences. The prevailing understanding of TBI pathophysiology indicates a central role for vascular dysfunction. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine crucial for vascular development.

Identification of peripheral nerve functional fascicles in Sprague-Dawley rats by the carbon quantum dot-Annexin V antibody complex.

To explore a method to identify the sensory and motor fascicles of the peripheral nerve to achieve accurate peripheral nerve functional fascicle suture. The peripheral nerve Sunderland V injury model, muscle branch of the femoral nerve and saphenous nerve were established in the bilateral femoral nerves of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The specific samples were grouped as follows: the main trunk of the femoral nerve was exposed bilaterally and cut with microscopic scissors in the main trunk of the femoral nerve to prepare a model of Sunderland V injury in the mixed fascicle of peripheral nerves; the muscle branch of the femoral nerve was exposed bilaterally and cut in the middle section of the muscle branch of the femoral nerve to prepare a model of Sunderland V injury in the motor fascicle of peripheral nerves; the saphenous nerve was exposed bilaterally and cut at 1 cm below the patella to prepare a model of Sunderland V injury to the sensory fascicle of the peripheral nerves.

A novel method to detect carotid artery in-stent restenosis.

Background And Purpose: Carotid artery stenosis is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke. Despite carotid artery stenting, in-stent restenosis (ISR) remains challenging. Pigs serve as an ideal ISR model.

Oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu) alters neurobehavior of zebrafish larvae by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction.

Antiviral drugs are widely used, yet their potential risks during early development, particularly within the central nervous system, remain contentious. Oseltamivir phosphate (OSE), a commonly prescribed antiviral, is increasingly detected in various environments. However, its toxicity to organisms and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood.