Association between within-target risk factors and life expectancy free from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and dementia in individuals with type 2 diabetes in New Zealand between 1994 and 2018: a multi-ethnic cohort study.

Background: The extent to which type 2 diabetes (T2D) reduces life expectancy depends on the risk of complications. We aimed to characterise the relationship between risk factors for diabetes complications and life expectancy, in individuals with T2D, free from major chronic disease, in a regional database linked with national New Zealand health databases.

Methods: A prospective cohort study design was employed, analysing data from individuals with T2D drawn from the comprehensive Diabetes Care Support Service database (1994-2018).

Prognostic value of serum complement cleavage factor Bb in idiopathic membranous nephropathy and establishment of nomogram model.

Complement activation is involved in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). We aimed to investigate the relationship of serum complement cleavage factor Bb with IMN progression, and to establish a model for early prediction of kidney outcomes. We measured serum factor Bb in a retrospective cohort of 449 IMN patients at the time of kidney biopsy.

OTUB1 regulation of ferroptosis and the protective role of ferrostatin-1 in lupus nephritis.

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a prevalent and severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), leading to significant morbidity and mortality. OTUB1, a deubiquitinating enzyme, has emerged as a potential therapeutic target due to its role in cellular protection and regulation of ferroptosis, a form of cell death linked to LN. Our study revealed significantly reduced OTUB1 expression in the glomeruli of LN patients and podocytes, correlated with disease severity.

Cancer risk following onset of type 2 diabetes in New Zealanders with impaired glucose tolerance over 25 years: a matched prospective cohort study.

Background: In people with prediabetes, the link between developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cancer risk among those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) remains uncertain. We examined this association in IGT individuals from primary care in South and West Auckland, New Zealand, spanning 1994-2019, assessing 5- and 10-year cancer risks.

Methods: Study cohorts were extracted from the Diabetes Care Support Service in Auckland, New Zealand, linking it with national registries for death, cancer, hospital admissions, pharmaceutical claims, and socioeconomic status.

Long-term impact of type 2 diabetes onset on dementia incidence rate among New Zealanders with impaired glucose tolerance: A tapered-matched landmark analysis over 25 years.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the association between the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and dementia incidence rates (IR) in the population with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) identified in primary care in New Zealand (NZ) over 25 years.

Methods: Tapered matching and landmark analysis (accounting for immortal bias) were used to control for potential effects of known confounders. The association between T2D onset and 5- and 10-year IR of dementia was estimated by weighted Cox models.

Genome-wide analysis of long noncoding RNAs as cis-acting regulators of transcription factor-encoding genes in IgA nephropathy.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis in the world, but the disease pathogenesis noncoding is yet to be elucidated. Previous studies have revealed regulatory functions for long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in various diseases; however, the roles of lncRNA in IgAN and regulation of transcription factors (TFs) have been scarcely investigated.

Methods: Renal tissue samples (n = 5) from patients with IgAN and control samples (n = 4) were collected and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed.

The transcription factor HMGB2 indirectly regulates APRIL expression and Gd-IgA1 production in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) was identified as an important cause of glycosylation deficiency of IgA1 (Gd-IgA1), which can 'trigger' IgAN. Our previous study indicated that high migration group protein B2 (HMGB2) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with IgAN was associated with disease severity, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Globotriaosylsphingosine improves risk stratification of kidney progression in Fabry disease patients.

Background: Kidney damage is common in patients with Fabry disease (FD), but more accurate information about the risk of progression to kidney failure is needed for clinical decision-making. In particular, FD patients with mild renal involvement often lack timely intervention and treatment. We aimed to utilize a model to predict the risk of renal progression in FD patients.

Diagnostic value of renal biopsy in anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody-positive patients with proteinuria in China.

Renal biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing membranous nephropathy (MN). Recent studies have suggested that renal biopsy can be replaced with the serum phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibody test for MN diagnosis in patients with nephrotic syndrome. However, this test has not been validated in the Chinese population.

All-cause, premature, and cardiovascular death attributable to socioeconomic and ethnic disparities among New Zealanders with type 1 diabetes 1994-2019: a multi-linked population-based cohort study.

Background: New Zealand (NZ) research into type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) mortality can inform policy and future research. In this study we aimed to quantify the magnitude to which ethnicity and socioeconomic disparities influenced mortality at the population level among people with Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) in Auckland, New Zealand (NZ).

Methods: The cohort data were derived from the primary care diabetes audit program the Diabetes Care Support Service (DCSS), and linked with national primary care, pharmaceutical claims, hospitalisation, and death registration databases.

Prognostic significance of serum monoclonal proteins based on immunofixation electrophoresis in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

The presence of serum monoclonal components has been associated with poor outcomes in various hematological malignancies. The current study focused on exploring its prognostic role in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Our study represented 314 patients with information on serum immunofixation electrophoresis at diagnosis that were available with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Health Inequality in Eight Adverse Outcomes Over a 25-Year Period in a Multi-Ethnic Population in New Zealand Population with Impaired Glucose Tolerance and/or Impaired Fasting Glucose: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.

Purpose: We aimed to examine socioeconomic inequality (SI) in cause-specific outcomes among adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and/or Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in New Zealand (NZ) over 25 years.

Patients And Methods: A population-based open cohort was derived from Diabetes Care Support Service in NZ with national databases linkage. Patients aged ≥18 years with IGT and/or IFG were enrolled between 01/01/1994 and 31/07/2018 and followed up until death or 31/12/2018.

Pegmolesatide for the treatment of anemia in patients undergoing dialysis: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Pegmolesatide, a synthetic peptide-based erythropoietin (EPO) receptor agonist, is being evaluated as an alternative to epoetin alfa for treating anemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Chinese dialysis patients. There is a critical need for a long-acting, cost-effective erythropoiesis-stimulating agent that does not produce EPO antibodies.

Methods: A randomized, open-label, active-comparator, non-inferiority phase three trial was conducted at 43 dialysis centers in China between May 17th, 2019, and March 28th, 2022.

Diagnostic value of α1-MG and URBP in early diabetic renal impairment.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is defined as diabetes with impaired renal function, elevated urinary albumin excretion, or both. DKD is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes and plays an important role in the cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). About 5% of people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) already have kidney damage at the time they are diagnosed, but other triggers of renal insufficiency, such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, glomerular atherosclerosis are often present, making it difficult to define "diabetic kidney disease" or "diabetic nephropathy" precisely in epidemiology or clinical practice.

Safety and effectiveness of HSK21542 for hemodialysis patients: a multiple ascending dose study.

HSK21542, a novel selective peripherally-restricted κ-opioid receptor agonist has been proven to be a safe and effective analgesic and antipruritic drug in both and studies. We aimed to evaluate its safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy in hemodialysis patients over a 1-week treatment period, and to establish the optimal dosage for a further 12-week stage 2 trial. In this multiple ascending dose study, hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to receive HSK21542 (0.

The role of segmental bioelectrical impedance technique in the assessment of intraperitoneal ultrafiltration volume with peritoneal dialysis patients.

Objective: To investigate the role of segmental bioelectrical impedance technique (SBIA) in the assessment of intraperitoneal ultrafiltration volume with peritoneal dialysis patients.

Method: We selected the patients at the Department of Nephrology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and measured the segmental bioelectrical impedance by a German Fresenius body composition analyzer (the Fresenius whole body composition measurement (BCM) machine was used as a segmental machine in this study). An alternating current (5 kHz, 0.

Association Between Onset of Type 2 Diabetes and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in New Zealanders With Impaired Glucose Tolerance Over 25 Years.

Background The association between the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and atrial fibrillation (AF) risk in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the incident onset of T2D and 5- and 10-year (after the landmark period) risks of AF in people with IGT identified in South and West Auckland primary care settings between 1994 and 2019. Methods and Results We compared AF risk in patients with IGT with and without newly diagnosed T2D within a 1- to 5-year exposure window.

Comparison of performance and clinical utility of different methods for detecting anti-PLA2R antibody.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the performance of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and magnetic particle chemiluminescence immunoassay (MP-CLIA) for detecting anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibody and their clinical significance in idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) patients.

Methods: Serum samples from 448 patients with different types of nephropathy, including 222 with IMN, were tested using both methods. Sensitivity, specificity, and prognostic significance of PLA2R antibody levels were evaluated.

Cut-off values of haemoglobin and clinical outcomes in incident peritoneal dialysis: the PDTAP study.

Background: To explore the cut-off values of haemoglobin (Hb) on adverse clinical outcomes in incident peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients based on a national-level database.

Methods: The observational cohort study was from the Peritoneal Dialysis Telemedicine-assisted Platform (PDTAP) dataset. The primary outcomes were all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and modified MACE (MACE+).

Effect of onset of type 2 diabetes on risks of cardiovascular disease and heart failure among new Zealanders with impaired glucose tolerance over 25 years: tapered-matched landmark analysis.

Background: This study aimed to examine the association between the incident onset of T2DM and 5- and 10-year risks of CVD and HF in people with IGT identified in primary care in South and West Auckland, New Zealand (NZ) between 1994 and 2019.

Methods: We compared CVD and HF risks in patients with IGT and with/without T2D newly diagnosed within the exposure window (1-5 years). Tapered matching and landmark analysis (to account for immortal bias) were used to control for potential effects of known confounders.