Apocrine Gland Damage and the Release of Specific Keratins in Early Stage Indicate the Crucial Involvement of Apocrine Glands in Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

The apocrine glands (AGs) are not considered to be primarily involved in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). This study investigated the potential role of AGs in HS pathogenesis using immunohistochemistry and single-cell sequencing of nonlesional skin and early lesional skin (LS) from patients with HS (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 8). AG cell destruction was more frequent, and AG size was significantly reduced in the nonlesional skin and LS.

Resveratrol ameliorates lipid accumulation and inflammation in human SZ95 sebocytes via the AMPK signaling pathways in vitro.

Background: Acne vulgaris is a prevalent skin disease lacking effective and well-tolerated treatment. An earlier study indicated that resveratrol (RVT) has therapeutic effects in acne patients through unknown mechanisms.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of RVT on linoleic acid (LA)-induced lipogenesis and peptidoglycan (PGN)-induced inflammation in cultured SZ95 sebocytes in vitro, and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.

Formalin-killed Propionibacterium acnes activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and modifies differentiation of SZ95 sebocytes in vitro.

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common pilosebaceous disease associated with Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes). Resolution of comedones may occur in association with shrunken sebaceous glands (SGs) containing de-differentiated cells, however the role of P.

Comparison of responses of melanocyte lineages from p75(+) and p75(-) human scalp-derived neural crest stem cells under phototherapy.

Phototherapy is an effective therapeutic option in the treatment of vitiligo; however, responses varied among the different types. The underlying mechanism has scarcely been investigated. To investigate and compare the effects of phototherapy on the mutation of melanocyte lineage differentiated from human scalp-derived neural crest stem cells (HS-NCSCs) with p75 neurotrophin receptor expression positive and p75 neurotrophin receptor expression negative group in vitro, the HS-NCSCs were isolated from fetal scalp tissue, which is identified by immunofluorescent staining.

Activation and overexpression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor contribute to cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas: an immunohistochemical study.

Background: In vitro studies showed that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) contributed to the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas, but supporting clinical data are lacking.

Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect the expression of AHR, CYP1A1, EGFR, and Ki-67 in 10 actinic keratosis (AK) cases, 10 Bowen disease (BD) cases, 20 cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) cases and 20 normal skin samples. H-scores were used to assess the immunoreactivity.

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Modulates the Expression of TNF-α and IL-8 in Human Sebocytes via the MyD88-p65NF-κB/p38MAPK Signaling Pathways.

Activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 and subsequent inflammatory response contribute to lesion development in acne vulgaris. A cross-talk between aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a cytosolic receptor protein that responds to environmental and physiological stress, and TLRs has recently been reported. In this study, we explored the possible role of AhR in the effects induced on cultured human SZ95 sebocytes by peptidoglycan (PGN), a classic TLR2 agonist.

Clinical and histopathological characteristics in patients with scarring folliculitis type of acne inversa.

: This study was designed to study the clinical and histopathological characteristics of patients with the scarring folliculitis type acne inversa in Chinese population. : A total of 21 patients with acne inversa and 6 controls without known dermatological disease were recruited from outpatient department of dermatology and orthopedic surgery. Two-millimeter punch biopsies were taken from 8 patients with acne inversa and 6 controls, fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin and stained with haematoxylin and eosin prior to histopathological analysis.

Efficacy and Safety of Targeted High-Intensity Medium-Band (304-312 nm) Ultraviolet B Light in Pediatric Vitiligo.

Background/objectives: Phototherapy is a commonly used treatment for vitiligo that has demonstrated safety and efficacy. High-intensity targeted ultraviolet B (UVB) light (304-312 nm) delivered using a phototherapy device is a useful therapeutic option because it can induce repigmentation in a short time without global exposure to radiation, but information regarding this device in children is limited.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 95 patches of vitiligo in 27 children treated using a targeted phototherapy device.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor negatively regulates lipid synthesis and involves in cell differentiation of SZ95 sebocytes in vitro.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is the receptor for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and other exogenous compounds. In human sebocytes, TCDD and BaP were found to activate the expression of multiple genes, including cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and inhibit lipid synthesis via AhR, while little is known about endogenous functions of the AhR. In order to expand this knowledge, we analyzed the impact of AhR knockdown on lipid synthesis as well as on cell differentiation of SZ95 sebocytes in vitro and observed that lipid synthesis was significantly induced in AhR silenced SZ95 sebocytes.

Benzo(a)pyrene induces interleukin (IL)-6 production and reduces lipid synthesis in human SZ95 sebocytes via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway.

In this study, we determined the effects of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) on the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and assessed the action of BaP on inflammatory cytokine expression and lipid synthesis in SZ95 sebocytes in vitro. BaP (10(-8), 10(-7), 10(-6) and 10(-5)M) was not cytotoxic for SZ95 sebocytes after 24h exposure. Expression of AhR was promoted in mRNA lever, while was inhibited in protein lever after BaP (10(-5)M) exposure.

The assessment of pulsed dye laser treatment of port-wine stains with reflectance confocal microscopy.

Background: Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a noninvasive technique for evaluating cutaneous lesions with cellular level resolution close to conventional histopathology. The aim of this study is to observe the vascular changes in Port-wine (PWS) lesions and assess the clinical efficacy of Pulsed Dye Laser (PDL) treatment by examining vessel diameter and density with RCM.

Materials And Methods: Eleven adult patients with PWS, each had four test patches carried out with different pulse durations (1.

In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy of Basal cell carcinoma: feasibility of preoperative mapping of cancer margins.

Background: Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) images skin at cellular resolution and has shown utility for the diagnosis of nonmelanoma skin cancer in vivo. It has the potential to define lesion margins before surgical therapy.

Objectives: To investigate the feasibility of RCM in defining the margins of basal cell carcinoma before surgery.

The application of ZnO luminescent nanoparticles in labeling mice.

Photoluminescent ZnO@polymer core-shell nanoparticles were used in mouse imaging through intradermal injections and intravenous injections, and the results proved that such ZnO fluorescence probes are nontoxic to live mice and have great potential in in vivo applications.

In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy of extramammary Paget disease: diagnostic evaluation and surgical management.

Background: Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is a diagnostic challenge. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) has been reported to be useful for in vivo skin tumor evaluation. It may also assist in the surgical management of EMPD lesions.

In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy for the differential diagnosis between vitiligo and nevus depigmentosus.

Background: Nevus depigmentosus (ND) is frequently confused with vitiligo. Differential diagnosis can be difficult. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a noninvasive technique for real-time en face imaging of the superficial layers of the skin down to the superficial dermis with cellular level resolution close to conventional histopathology.