Silencing SPP1 in M2 macrophages inhibits the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer via the MMP9/TGFβ1 axis.

Background: M2 macrophages can promote the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), but the specific mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, we are preliminarily exploring the molecular mechanism by which M2 macrophages regulate the progression of CRPC.

Methods: The genes positively correlated with CRPC and with the most significant differences in the GEO32269 dataset were obtained.

Epithelial cells derived exosomal miR-203a-3p facilitates stromal inflammation of type IIIA chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome by targeting DUSP5 and increasing MCP-1 generation.

Increased proinflammatory cytokines and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the stroma are important pathological features of type IIIA chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS-A), and the interaction between stromal cells and other cells in the inflammatory microenvironment is closely related to the inflammatory process of CP/CPPS-A. However, the interaction between stromal and epithelial cells remains unclear. In this study, inflammatory prostate epithelial cells (PECs) released miR-203a-3p-rich exosomes and facilitated prostate stromal cells (PSCs) inflammation by upregulating MCP-1 expression.

Gene mutation profiling and clinical significances in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Objectives: The pathological mechanisms of patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) remain defined. This study aimed to evaluate relationships between the landscape of gene mutations and their clinical significance in RCC patients.

Methods: Tissue and peripheral blood samples of 42 patients with RCC were collected and performed for the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) with Geneseeq PrimeTM 425-gene panel probes.

Spatial heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment influences the prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is an immunologically and histologically diverse tumor. However, how the structural heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment (TME) affects cancer progression and treatment response remains unclear. Hence, we characterized the TME architectures of ccRCC tissues using imaging mass cytometry (IMC) and explored their associations with clinical outcome and therapeutic response.

Glucocorticoid nanoformulations relieve chronic pelvic pain syndrome and may alleviate depression in mice.

Background: Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is a typical symptom of chronic prostatitis (CP) in males that may cause abnormal urination, sexual dysfunction, or depression and significantly affect the quality of life of the patient. Currently, there is no effective treatment for CPPS due to its recurrence and intractability. For synergistic CPPS therapy, we developed pH/reactive oxygen species (ROS) dual-responsive dexamethasone (Dex) nanoformulations using a ROS-responsive moiety and phytochemical modified α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) as the carrier.

Comparison of antegrade robotic assisted VS laparoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy for penile cancer.

Background: Minimally invasive modifications of inguinal lymphadenectomy (IL), including laparoscopic IL (LIL) and robotic-assisted IL (RAIL), have been utilized for penile cancer. Comparative study is necessary to guide the decision about which minimally invasive technique to select for IL. Therefore we compared RAIL with LIL performed via an antegrade approach in terms of perioperative outcomes.

Photoselective sharp enucleation of the prostate with a front-firing 532-nm laser versus photoselective vaporization of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomised controlled trial with 1-year followup results.

Background: We designed a new surgical procedure to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). In order to verify its effectiveness and safety, we constructed this randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of our innovative enucleation technique- photoselective sharp enucleation of the prostate (PSEP), with a front-firing 532-nm laser and the traditional technique-photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) in the treatment of BPH.

Methods: A total of 154 consecutive patients diagnosed with bladder outlet obstruction secondary to BPH in our center from June 2018 to April 2019 were randomly divided into the PSEP group (n = 77) and the PVP group (n = 77) and were treated surgically with either PSEP or PVP.

targeting capacities of different nanoparticles to prostate tissues based on a mouse model of chronic bacterial prostatitis.

Chronic bacterial prostatitis usually occurs in men and seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The efficacy of chronic bacterial prostatitis treatment is limited by the difficulty for free drugs (e.g.

One-step coordination of metal-phenolic networks as antibacterial coatings with sustainable and controllable copper release for urinary catheter applications.

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) draw great concern due to increased demand for urinary catheters in hospitalization. Encrustation caused by urinary pathogens, especially , results in blocking of the catheter lumen and further infections. In this study, a facile and low-cost surface modification strategy of urinary catheters was developed using one-step coordination of tannic acid (TA) and copper ions.

Antibiotic-loaded reactive oxygen species-responsive nanomedicine for effective management of chronic bacterial prostatitis.

Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) occurs frequently in the male population and significantly influences quality of life. Antibiotics are the main strategy for managing chronic bacterial prostatitis; however, most antibiotics have low efficacy due to their poor penetration of prostate tissues. To overcome this challenge, we fabricated cefpodoxime proxetil (CPD)-loaded reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) for targeted treatment of CBP.

Preliminary Functional Outcome Following Robotic Intracorporeal Orthotopic Ileal Neobladder Suspension with Round Ligaments in Women with Bladder Cancer.

Background: Chronic urinary retention (CUR) is a frequent complication after orthotopic neobladder (ONB) reconstruction in women. To decrease CUR, several open surgical modifications to provide back support to the ONB have been established on the basis of pelvic anatomical differences between females and males.

Objective: To illustrate our technique for robotic intracorporeal reconfiguration of ONB as integrated into our open surgical approach to provide back support to the ONB with round ligaments in women.

Prostatic fluid exosome-mediated microRNA-155 promotes the pathogenesis of type IIIA chronic prostatitis.

Background: The latest research has shown that exosomes play an important role in cell-to-cell communication and are closely related to the occurrence of many chronic inflammatory diseases. However, no studies have clarified whether exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of aseptic inflammation, type IIIA chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS-A). This study aimed to explore the relationship between prostatic fluid exosomes and CP/CPPS-A and reveal new pathogenesis.

Photoselective sharp enucleation of the prostate with a front-firing 532-nm laser: an innovative surgical technique for benign prostatic hyperplasia-a single-center study of 475 cases.

Purpose: To describe the novel technique of photoselective sharp enucleation of the prostate (PSEP) with a front-firing 532-nm laser and evaluate its efficacy and safety.

Methods: A seven-step standardized surgical procedure was established, and PSEP was performed in an en bloc or lobulate manner according to the size of the middle lobe of the prostate. The following clinical data of 583 patients who underwent PSEP in our center from November 2016 to May 2018 were retrospectively reviewed: maximum flow rate (Q), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life score (Q), post-void residual volume (PVR), prostate volume, operation time, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration, and complications at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.

Round ligament suspending treatment in orthotopic ileal-neobladder after radical cystectomy in women: a single-centre prospective randomised trial.

Objectives: To compare the occurrence of emptying dysfunction between surgical techniques for orthotopic neobladder suspended with round ligament (rONB) and the standard procedure (sONB).

Patients And Methods: A prospective randomised controlled trial was performed in a single centre of female patients undergoing creation of an ONB using rONB or sONB. Patients were followed for ≥24 months after ONB.

Approaches for the synthesis of o-nitrobenzyl and coumarin linkers for use in photocleavable biomaterials and bioconjugates and their biomedical applications.

Photocleavable biomaterials and bioconjugates are particularly interesting because light sources are easy to obtain and the responsiveness of materials is convenient to control. In recent years, various photocleavable biomaterials and bioconjugates have been synthesized for the control of payload release, regulation of biomolecule activity, 3D cell culture, and investigation of molecular mechanisms. Photocleavable linkers are crucial components of photocleavable biomaterials, which significantly influence the photoresponsive capabilities of materials.

Clinical efficacy of submucosal injection of triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of type II/III interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of submucosal injection of triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of type II/III interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of type II/III interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome patients treated in our department from April 2016 to August 2018 was conducted, and changes in International Prostate Symptom Scores and the Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency symptom scale after surgery were evaluated to explore factors that may affect patient outcomes.

Results: A total of 27 female patients and 8 male patients were enrolled, with type II patients accounting for 62.

Reduced Ca spark activity contributes to detrusor overactivity of rats with partial bladder outlet obstruction.

We tested whether or not altered Ca spark activity accounted for detrusor overactivity (DO) of Wistar rats after partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO). We constructed a DO model through PBOO and studied the Ca spark activity of detrusor. By way of using confocal microscopy and the patch-clamp technique, Ca sparks and spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) in detrusor myocytes were measured respectively.

Comparative study of wire-integrated urethral catheter versus wire-assisted urethral catheter in difficult male urethral catheterization: a single-center experience.

Background: This study reports the clinical experience of the wire-integrated urethral catheter (WIUC) versus wire-assisted urethral catheter (WAUC) in difficult male urethral catheterization.

Methods: The clinical data of 116 male patients undergoing urinary catheterization with WIUC or WAUC after a failed attempt catheterization in Southwest Hospital from June 2018 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The time spent during urinary catheterization, cost of consumables, experience rating of catheterization methods and materials assessed by medical staff were compared between WIUC group (n=58) and WAUC group (n=58).

Refinement Surgical Technique, and Perioperative and Functional Outcomes in Patients With Robotic Intracorporeal Hautmann Orthotopic Neobladder.

Objective: To illustrate our refinement technique for robotic intracorporeal orthotopic Hautmann neobladder with adherence to open surgical principles and evaluate perioperative and functional outcomes.

Patients And Methods: Robot-assisted radical cystectomy with intracorporeal Hautmann orthotopic neobladder was performed by the same surgeon in 40 patients with bladder cancer from November 2017 to March 2019. Baseline demographics, pathologic data, 90-day complications, and functional outcomes at both 6 and 12 months were evaluated with questionnaire and urodynamic analysis.

Simvastatin alleviated diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction in rats by enhancing AMPK pathway-induced autophagy.

Background: Diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction is a common diabetic complication, and new therapeutics and the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction need to be investigated.

Objectives: The aim was to investigate the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction and the pharmacological mechanism of simvastatin treatment in diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction model rats.

Materials And Methods: A total of 86 male Sprague Dawley rats aged 8 weeks old were used in this study.

Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors against prostate tumor cells.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the activities of novel synthetic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors (ZINC05463076, ZINC2102846 and ZINC19901103) against prostate tumors, models and investigate the potential underlying mechanisms. A panel of prostate tumor cell lines (LNCaP, DU-145, PC-3 and LNCaP-AI cells) were used to evaluate antitumor activity of ZINC05463076, ZINC2102846, and ZINC19901103 . Cell growth and clonal formation were determined by MTT assay and Soft agar colony formation assay, respectively.

Head-to-Head Comparison of Modified Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty and Robot-Assisted Pyeloplasty for Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in China.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of modified laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP) and robot-assisted pyeloplasty (RLP) for ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) in China patients.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent modified LP and RLP using a transperitoneal laparoscopic approach at 2 different medical institutions between October 2009 and November 2017.

Results: Seventy-six patients underwent modified LP and 140 patients underwent RLP.

Effectiveness and tolerability of targeted drugs for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) refers to prostate cancer that has progressed after initial androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Over the years, treatment strategies for metastatic CRPC (mCRPC) have undergone considerable changes. We performed a network meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of targeted agents for mCRPC.