Successful Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy-Resistant Vacuolar Myelopathy with Intravenous Immunoglobulin.

For the first time, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated vacuolar myelopathy (VM) was detailed in an autopsy-based study of 89 cases in 1985. This condition is the most common cause for spinal cord lesions in HIV patients. VM's pathogenic mechanism remains unclear; however, it is assumed that the disease can be related to both, the direct neurotoxic impact of the HIV and HIV-induced activation of immunopathological processes in the central nervous system (CNS).

Changes of fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the model of experimental acute hydrocephalus in rabbits.

Background: To study the integrity of white matter, we investigated the correlation between the changes in neuroradiological and morphological parameters in an animal model of acute obstructive hydrocephalus.

Methods: Hydrocephalus was induced in New Zealand rabbits (n = 10) by stereotactic injection of kaolin into the lateral ventricles. Control animals received saline in place of kaolin (n = 10).