Investigation of white matter functional networks in young smokers.

Aims: This study investigated the changes in the organizational and intrinsical activities of the white matter functional networks (WMFNs) in young smokers using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods: A data-driven approach was used to characterize the WMFNs of 30 young smokers and 30 non-smokers. We applied K-means clustering to the neuroimaging data to delineate the WMFNs.

Dynamic Neuroimaging Biomarkers of Smoking in Young Smokers.

Objective: To examine potential changes in the dynamic characteristics of regional neural activity in young smokers and to detect whether the changes were associated with smoking behavior.

Methods: The dynamic regional homogeneity (dReHo) and dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (dALFF) in 40 young smokers and 42 nonsmokers were compared. Correlation analyses were also performed between dReHo and dALFF in areas showing group differences and smoking behavior [e.

Differential expression of sulfur assimilation pathway genes in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans under Cd²⁺ stress: evidence from transcriptional, enzymatic, and metabolic profiles.

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a heavy metal-tolerant acidophilic chemolithotroph found in acidic mine effluent and is used commercially in the bioleaching of sulfide ores. In this work, we investigated the interplay between divalent cadmium (Cd(2+)) resistance and expression of genes involved in the sulfur assimilation pathway (SAP). We also investigated the response of the thiol-containing metal-chelating metabolites, cysteine and glutathione(GSH), to increasing Cd(2+) concentrations.