Magnesium peroxide-based biomimetic nanoigniter degrades extracellular matrix to awake T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy.

As the elite force of our immune system, T cells play a determining role in the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. However, the clever tumor cells construct a strong immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) fortress to resist the attack of T cells. Herein, a magnesium peroxide (MP)-based biomimetic nanoigniter loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) and metformin (MET) is rationally designed (D/M-MP@LM) to awake T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy via comprehensively destroying the strong TME fortress.

Injectable Nanocomposite Hydrogels Improve Intraperitoneal Co-delivery of Chemotherapeutics and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Enhanced Peritoneal Metastasis Therapy.

Intraperitoneal co-delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs (CDs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) brings hope to improve treatment outcomes in patients with peritoneal metastasis from ovarian cancer (OC). However, current intraperitoneal drug delivery systems face issues such as rapid drug clearance from lymphatic drainage, heterogeneous drug distribution, and uncontrolled release of therapeutic agents into the peritoneal cavity. Herein, we developed an injectable nanohydrogel by combining carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) with bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNPs) based on polylactic acid-hyperbranched polyglycerol.

Softening the tumor matrix through cholesterol depletion breaks the physical barrier for enhanced antitumor therapy.

The tumor develops defense tactics, including conversing the mechanical characteristics of tumor cells and their surrounding environment. A recent study reported that cholesterol depletion stiffens tumor cells, which could enhance adaptive T-cell immunotherapy. However, it remains unclear whether reducing the cholesterol in tumor cells contributes to re-educating the stiff tumor matrix, which serves as a physical barrier against drug penetration.

Mitochondrial-Targeting Nanotrapper Captured Copper Ions to Alleviate Tumor Hypoxia for Amplified Photoimmunotherapy in Breast Cancer.

Hypoxia is a pervasive feature of solid tumors, which significantly limits the therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and further influences the immunotherapy efficiency in breast cancer. However, the transient alleviation of tumor hypoxia fails to address the underlying issue of increased oxygen consumption, resulting from the rapid proliferation of tumor cells. At present, studies have found that the reduction of the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) by cytochrome C oxidase (COX) inhibition that induced oxidative phosphorylation (OXHPOS) suppression was able to solve the proposed problem.

Novel approach for enhancing skin allograft survival by bioadhesive nanoparticles loaded with rapamycin.

Skin graft rejection is a significant challenge in skin allografts for skin defects, particularly in extensive burn injury patients when autografts are insufficient. Enhancing the survival duration of allogeneic skin grafts can improve the success rate of subsequent autologous skin grafting, thereby promoting the therapeutic efficacy for wound healing. Rapamycin (Rapa), a potent immunosuppressant with favorable efficacy in organ transplantation, is limited by its systemic administration-associated toxicity and side effects.

Biodegradable and Efficient Charge-Migrated Z-Scheme Heterojunction Amplifies Cancer Ferroptosis by Blocking Defensive Redox System.

Ferroptosis is an emerging non-apoptotic death process, mainly involving lipid peroxidation (LPO) caused by iron accumulation, which is potentially lethal to the intrinsically apoptotic-resistant malignant tumor. However, it is still restricted by the inherent antioxidant systems of tumor cells and the poor efficacy of traditional iron-based ferroptosis initiators. Herein, the study develops a novel ferroptosis-inducing agent based on PEGylated Cu/Cu-doped black phosphorus@polypyrrole heterojunction (BP@CPP), which is constructed by utilizing the phosphate on the surface of BP to chelate Cu ions and initiating subsequent in situ polymerization of pyrrole.

Verteporfin-Loaded Bioadhesive Nanoparticles for the Prevention of Hypertrophic Scar.

Hypertrophic scarring (HS) is a common skin injury complication with unmet needs. Verteporfin (VP) should be an ideal HS-targeted therapeutic drug due to its efficient fibrosis and angiogenesis inhibitory abilities. However, its application is restricted by its side effects such as dose-dependent cytotoxicity on normal cells.

A nanocomposite hydrogel for co-delivery of multiple anti-biofilm therapeutics to enhance the treatment of bacterial biofilm-related infections.

The characteristics of biofilms have exacerbated the issue of clinical antibiotic resistance, rendering it a pressing challenge in need of resolution. The combination of biofilm-dispersing agents and antibiotics can eliminate biofilms and promote healing synergistically in infected wounds. In this study, we developed a novel nanocomposite hydrogel (NC gel) comprised of the poly(lactic acid)-hyperbranched polyglycerol (PLA-HPG) based bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNPs) and a hydrophilic carboxymethyl chitosan (CS) network.

Human-Hair-Derived Natural Particles as Multifunctional Sunscreen for Effective UV Protection.

Excessive ultraviolet (UV) radiation can lead to a series of skin problems. Although commercial sunscreens can protect skin from UV-induced damage to an extent, the side effects caused by such products are still worrisome. Here, inspired by the natural photoprotection effect of human hair, we extracted the multifunctional particles from human hair as sunscreens for UV protection.

Separable Nanovaccines with Stealthy Bioadhesive Capability for Durable Cancer Immunotherapy.

Because of tumor heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, most cancer vaccines typically do not elicit robust antitumor immunological responses in clinical trials. In this paper, we report findings about a bioadhesive nanoparticle (BNP)-based separable cancer vaccine, FeSHK@B-ovalbumin (OVA), to target multi-epitope antigens and exert effective cancer immunotherapy. After the FeSHK@B-OVA "nanorocket" initiates the "satellite-rocket separation" procedure in the acidic tumor microenvironment, the FeSHK@B "launch vehicle" can amplify intracellular oxidative stress persistently.

Bioadhesive Nanoparticles for Local Drug Delivery.

Local drug delivery is an effective strategy for achieving direct and instant therapeutic effects. Current clinical treatments have fallen short and are limited by traditional technologies. Bioadhesive nanoparticles (NPs), however, may be a promising carrier for optimized local drug delivery, offering prolonged drug retention time and steadily maintained therapeutic concentrations.

Identification of protein-polysaccharide nanoparticles carrying hepatoprotective bioactives in freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea Muller) soup.

Bioactives can impact food function either by their dosage or by their forms of dispersion, though the latter remains mostly neglected. Here we report the incidental nanoparticles (iNPs) carrying hepatoprotective bioactives identified in freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea Muller) soup, which is a folk remedy for liver conditions in East Asia. The soup was fractionated into two iNPs containing fractions with high yield (95.