Research progress of microvascular development in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that arises during the neonatal period, and its underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. The disorder of microvascular development plays a significant role in the development of BPD. This article presents a comprehensive review of the advancements made in understanding the mechanisms and treatment approaches related to microvascular development in the pathogenesis of BPD.

Protocol of REACH-01: a single-arm, open label, prospective study of HAIC sequential TAE combined with tislelizumab and surufatinib in unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Introduction: Gemcitabine and cisplatin remain the cornerstone for the treatment of advanced or unresectable biliary tract cancers, but the incidence rate of the grade 3 or 4 toxic effects is high (70.7%). In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the systemic treatment of cholangiocarcinoma with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), targeted therapy, and hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC).

Survival analysis and prognostic nomogram for patients with cholangiocarcinoma after radical resection in Asia.

Background: CCA has a poor prognosis. Different anatomical subtypes are characterized by distinct clinical features, surgical options, and prognoses, which can potentially impact survival outcomes following radical resection. In addition to the malignancy of CCA itself, clinical staging and treatment methods are the main factors that can affect survival.

Prognostic nomogram for patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with TAE combined with HAIC.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and often arises in the context of chronic liver disease, such as hepatitis B or C infection, and cirrhosis. Advanced unresectable HCC (uHCC) presents significant treatment challenges due to its advanced stage and inoperability. One efficient treatment method for advanced uHCC is the use of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE).

Establishment and validation of a nomogram containing cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 for the differential diagnosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Our study aimed to develop a nomogram incorporating cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) to assist in differentiating between patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: A total of 487 patients who were diagnosed with ICC and HCC at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were included in this study. The patients were divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort based on whether the data collection was retrospective or prospective.

Bioinformatics analyses and experimental validation of ferroptosis-related genes in bronchopulmonary dysplasia pathogenesis.

Objective: We aimed to study the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) by conducting bioinformatics analyses and identifying and validating the associated ferroptosis-related genes to explore new directions for treating BPD.

Methods: The dataset GSE32472 on BPD was downloaded from the public genome database. Using R language, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the BPD and normal group were screened.

Family poverty and adolescents' cognitive and noncognitive outcomes: Evidence from China.

Using data from the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS) during the 2013-2014 academic year, this paper examines the effects of family poverty on adolescents' cognitive and noncognitive outcomes. We find that family poverty is detrimental to adolescent development. Children from poor families have poorer academic performance and noncognitive abilities.

Bmi1 facilitates the progression of cholangiocarcinoma by inhibiting Foxn2 expression dependent on a histone H2A ubiquitination manner.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), an exceptionally aggressive malignancy originating from the epithelium of the bile duct, poses a formidable challenge in cancer research and clinical management. Currently, attention is focused on exploring the oncogenic role and prognostic implications associated with Bmi1 in the context of CCA. In our study, we assessed the correlation of Bmi1 and Foxn2 expression across all types of CCA and evaluated their prognostic significance.

A study of the impact of risk perception on the pro-environmental behaviour of herders in the Sanjiangyuan region.

This study aims to study the pro-environmental behaviour of herders in the Sanjiangyuan region, a significant ecological security barrier. This paper selected 212 herding households in the Sanjiangyuan area as research subjects by random sampling method. By establishing a multivariate ordered logistics model to study the impact of risk perception on herding households' pro-environmental behaviour and introducing capital endowment as a moderating variable to analyse the moderating effect of capital endowment on the relationship of herding households' risk perception-pro-environmental behaviour.

Function of mast cell and bile-cholangiocarcinoma interplay in cholangiocarcinoma microenvironment.

Objective: The correlation between cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) progression and bile is rarely studied. Here, we aimed to identify differential metabolites in benign and malignant bile ducts and elucidate the generation, function and degradation of bile metabolites.

Design: Differential metabolites in the bile from CCA and benign biliary stenosis were identified by metabonomics.

The role of extracellular vesicles in cholangiocarcinoma tumor microenvironment.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor that originates from the biliary system. With restricted treatment options at hand, the challenging aspect of early CCA diagnosis leads to a bleak prognosis. Besides the intrinsic characteristics of tumor cells, the generation and progression of CCA are profoundly influenced by the tumor microenvironment, which engages in intricate interactions with cholangiocarcinoma cells.

SMAD4 regulates the progression of cholangiocarcinoma by modulating the expression of STING1.

SMAD4 is a tumour suppressor and an important regulator of tumour immune scape which is downregulated in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). STING1 is a vital sensing factor of abnormal DNA; however, the correlation between SMAD4 and STING1 and the role of the SMAD4-STING1 interaction in the progression of CCA have not yet been evaluated. Public database was analysed to reveal the expression of SMAD4 and STING1.

Dual role of ANGPTL8 in promoting tumor cell proliferation and immune escape during hepatocarcinogenesis.

The interplay between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and the tumor microenvironment is essential for hepatocarcinogenesis, but their contributions to HCC development are incompletely understood. We assessed the role of ANGPTL8, a protein secreted by HCC cells, in hepatocarcinogenesis and the mechanisms through which ANGPTL8 mediates crosstalk between HCC cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Immunohistochemical, Western blotting, RNA-Seq, and flow cytometry analyses of ANGPTL8 were performed.

Bile exosomal miR-182/183-5p increases cholangiocarcinoma stemness and progression by targeting HPGD and increasing PGE2 generation.

Background Aims: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly lethal malignancy originating from the biliary ducts. Current CCA diagnostic and prognostic assessments cannot satisfy the clinical requirement. Bile detection is rarely performed, and herein, we aim to estimate the clinical significance of bile liquid biopsy by assessing bile exosomal concentrations and components.

Advances in molecular and cell therapy for immunotherapy of cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant tumor of the hepatobiliary system that has failed to respond to many traditional therapies to a certain extent, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In recent years, the new therapeutic schemes based on immunology have fundamentally changed the systemic treatment of various malignant tumors to a certain extent. In view of the immunogenicity of CCA, during the occurrence and development of CCA, some immunosuppressive substances are released from cells and immunosuppressive microenvironment is formed to promote the escape immune response of its own cells, thus enhancing the malignancy of the tumor and reducing the sensitivity of the tumor to drugs.

BRF2 is mediated by microRNA-409-3p and promotes invasion and metastasis of HCC through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Its invasiveness and ability to metastasize contributes to an extremely high patient mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the characteristics of HCC progression are not well understood.

Identification and validation of volatile organic compounds in bile for differential diagnosis of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Early and differential diagnosis of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCCA) is highly challenging. This study aimed to evaluate whether volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in bile samples could be emerging diagnostic biomarkers for PHCCA. We collected 200 bile samples from patients with PHCCA and benign biliary diseases (BBD), including a 140-patient training cohort and an 60-patient test cohort.

Budd-Chiari syndrome and its associated hepatocellular carcinoma: Clinical risk factors and potential immunotherapeutic benefit analysis.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a well-described complication of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS). However, the risk factors of BCS in developing HCC and clinical characteristics and imaging features of BCS-associated HCC is still to be determined.

Methods: Data from 113 consecutive patients with primary BCS in Qilu hospital were retrospectively studied.

Research progress of bile biomarkers and their immunoregulatory role in biliary tract cancers.

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), including cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma, originate from the biliary epithelium and have a poor prognosis. Surgery is the only choice for cure in the early stage of disease. However, most patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage and lose the chance for surgery.

ANGPTL8 accelerates liver fibrosis mediated by HFD-induced inflammatory activity via LILRB2/ERK signaling pathways.

Introduction: High calorie intake is known to induce nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by promoting chronic inflammation. However, the mechanisms are poorly understood.

Objectives: This study examined the roles of ANGPTL8 in the regulation of NAFLD-associated liver fibrosis progression induced by high fat diet (HFD)-mediated inflammation.

BMI1 promotes cholangiocarcinoma progression and correlates with antitumor immunity in an exosome-dependent manner.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a class of malignant tumors originating from bile duct epithelial cells. Due to difficult early diagnosis and limited treatment, the prognosis of CCA is extremely poor. BMI1 is dysregulated in many human malignancies.

Wnt-TCF7-SOX9 axis promotes cholangiocarcinoma proliferation and pemigatinib resistance in a FGF7-FGFR2 autocrine pathway.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a type of highly malignant tumor originating from bile ducts. The prognosis of CCA is poor and the treatment options are limited. The biomarker study of CCA has made little progresses in recent years because of the difficulty to obtain CCA specimens.