PDIA4 targets IRE1α/sXBP1 to alleviate NLRP3 inflammasome activation and renal tubular injury in diabetic kidney disease.

The role of ER stress in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney diseases (DKD) remains unclear. We employed bioinformatics to identify the UPR pathway activation, inflammation, and programmed cell death patterns in diabetic tubules. Levels of IRE1α/sXBP1 signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome activity and pyroptosis in tubular cells under high glucose conditions were measured.

Encapsulation of melatonin in zein/pectin composite nanoparticles: Fabrication, characterization, and in vitro release property.

In this study, the encapsulation of melatonin (MT) in zein nanoparticles was investigated via anti-solvent co-precipitation method with pectin stabilization. Compared with MT-loaded zein nanoparticles (MT-Z NPs), 1.0 mg/mL pectin led to a 92.

Gel properties and interactions of hydrogels constructed with low acyl gellan gum and puerarin.

To develop composite hydrogels based on low acyl gellan gum (GG), the effect of puerarin (PUE) on the gel properties of GG was investigated. The results showed that the maximum storage modulus (G') of the 1.2 % GG/0.

Monovalent Salt and pH-Stimulated Gelation of Scallop () Male Gonad Hydrolysates/-Carrageenan.

The gelation of scallop male gonad hydrolysates (SMGHs) and -carrageenan (KC) subjected to pH (2-8, 3-9) and NaCl/KCl stimuli-response was investigated. SMGHs/KC gels subjected to a NaCl response exhibited an increasing storage modulus 'from 2028.6 to 3418.

Formation and microstructural characterization of scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) male gonad hydrolysates/sodium alginate coacervations as a function of pH.

Studying the noncovalent interactions between proteins and polysaccharides is quite important mainly due to the wide number of applications such as developing pH-responsive complexes. Scallop Patinopecten yessoensis male gonad hydrolysates‑sodium alginate (SMGHs-SA) was investigated as noncovalent complexes at pH from 1 to 10. The critical pH values pH (around 6) and pHφ (around 4) were independent of the SMGHs-SA ratio, indicating the formation of soluble and insoluble complexes.

Electroconvulsive therapy-induced neuroimaging alterations measured by cerebral blood flow in adolescents with major depressive disorder.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a novel treatment strategy for adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, its related neurobiological changes associated with ECT remain undetermined.

Objective: To elucidate the impact of ECT on the regional cerebral blood flow (CBF), and to identify alterations in the CBF associated with clinical outcomes in adolescents with MDD.

Long non-coding RNA EVADR induced by Fusobacterium nucleatum infection promotes colorectal cancer metastasis.

Both Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) EVADR are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC), but their relationship with CRC metastasis and the mechanisms by which EVADR promotes CRC metastasis are poorly understood. Here, we report that F.

Prediction-Based Human-Robot Collaboration in Assembly Tasks Using a Learning from Demonstration Model.

Most robots are programmed to carry out specific tasks routinely with minor variations. However, more and more applications from SMEs require robots work alongside their counterpart human workers. To smooth the collaboration task flow and improve the collaboration efficiency, a better way is to formulate the robot to surmise what kind of assistance a human coworker needs and naturally take the right action at the right time.

Binary dopant segregation enables hematite-based heterostructures for highly efficient solar HO synthesis.

Dopant segregation, frequently observed in ionic oxides, is useful for engineering materials and devices. However, due to the poor driving force for ion migration and/or the presence of substantial grain boundaries, dopants are mostly confined within a nanoscale region. Herein, we demonstrate that core-shell heterostructures are formed by oriented self-segregation using one-step thermal annealing of metal-doped hematite mesocrystals at relatively low temperatures in air.

Genome-wide analysis of BURP genes and identification of a BURP-V gene RcBURP4 in Rosa chinensis.

Nine RcBURPs have been identified in Rosa chinensis, and overexpression of RcBURP4 increased ABA, NaCl sensitivity, and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. BURP proteins are unique to plants and may contribute greatly to growth, development, and stress responses of plants. Despite the vital role of BURP proteins, little is known about these proteins in rose (Rosa spp.

Research on Classification of COVID-19 Chest X-Ray Image Modal Feature Fusion Based on Deep Learning.

Most detection methods of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) use classic image classification models, which have problems of low recognition accuracy and inaccurate capture of modal features when detecting chest X-rays of COVID-19. This study proposes a COVID-19 detection method based on image modal feature fusion. This method first performs small-sample enhancement processing on chest X-rays, such as rotation, translation, and random transformation.

Cancer-derived exosomal miR-138-5p modulates polarization of tumor-associated macrophages through inhibition of KDM6B.

Differential activation of macrophages correlates closely with tumor progression, and the epigenetic factor lysine demethylase 6B (KDM6B, previously named JMJD3) mediates the regulation of macrophage polarization through an unknown mechanism. We developed a suspension coculture system comprising breast cancer cells and macrophages and used RT-qPCR and western blotting to measure expression. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assays were used to identify candidate microRNAs of cancer cells responsible for the downregulation of KDM6B.

Muscle atrophy induced by overexpression of ALAS2 is related to muscle mitochondrial dysfunction.

Background: ALAS2 (delta-aminolevulinate synthase 2) is one of the two isoenzymes catalyzing the synthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), which is the first precursor of heme synthesis. ALAS2-overexpressing transgenic mice (Tg mice) showed syndrome of porphyria, a series of diseases related to the heme anabolism deficiency. Tg mice showed an obvious decrease in muscle size.

Formation mechanisms and characterisation of the typical polymers in melanoidins from vinegar, coffee and model experiments.

Melanoidins, are of increasing interest for their potential biological activities. However, little knowledge is available on their structure. In the present study, vinegar, coffee and model melanoidins were degraded by NaBH, and the resultant reaction products were characterised by chromatography, mass spectrometry and spectrometry methods to elucidate the mechanism of formation of melanoidin skeleton molecules.

Polyphenol-rich vinegar extract regulates intestinal microbiota and immunity and prevents alcohol-induced inflammation in mice.

Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar (ZAV), a traditional fermented food in China, is rich in polyphenols with health-beneficial effects. In this study, vinegar extract ameliorated ethanol-induced liver injury by reducing the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers. In addition, vinegar extract regulated gut microbiota composition and immune factors, and improved antimicrobial peptides (Reg3b and Reg3g) and intestinal homeostasis in ethanol-treated mice.

Legumain promotes tubular ferroptosis by facilitating chaperone-mediated autophagy of GPX4 in AKI.

Legumain is required for maintenance of normal kidney homeostasis. However, its role in acute kidney injury (AKI) is still unclear. Here, we induced AKI by bilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) of renal arteries or folic acid in lgmn and lgmn mice.

Development of an Approach of High Sensitive Chemiluminescent Assay for Cystatin C Using a Nanoparticle Carrier.

Cystatin C is an important cysteine protease inhibitor in the human body and is proposed as a new indicator of glomerular filtration rate for the detection of kidney damage. In this article, we report an ultra-sensitive, simple, and rapid chemiluminescence immunoassay method for cystatin C detection using functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles. After a three step hydrolysis, the amino-functionalized MSN encapsulating dye resulted in a hydrophobic environment for fixing the dye and amino groups for biological modification.

Polyphenol-rich extract of Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar ameliorates high glucose-induced insulin resistance by regulating JNK-IRS-1 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.

Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar is a famous traditional fermented cooking ingredient in China, with multiple nutritional and medicinal applications. Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar extract (100-400 μg/mL) is rich in polyphenols increased the glucose uptake and glucose consumption in high glucose-induced insulin resistant HepG2 (IR-HepG2) cells. Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar extract enhanced glycogen synthesis and attenuated gluconeogenesis by regulating key enzymes in IR-HepG2 cells.

Heme Oxygenase 1 Inhibits Adult Neural Stem Cells Proliferation and Survival via Modulation of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling.

Background: Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is critical for renewing hippocampal neural circuits and maintaining hippocampal cognitive function and is closely associated with age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) is a stress protein that catalyzes the degradation of heme into free iron, biliverdin, and carbon monoxide. Elevated HO-1 level constitutes a pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and many other age-related neurodegenerative diseases.

Ultra-Narrow Depletion Layers in a Hematite Mesocrystal-Based Photoanode for Boosting Multihole Water Oxidation.

Significant charge recombination that is difficult to suppress limits the practical applications of hematite (α-Fe O ) for photoelectrochemical water splitting. In this study, Ti-modified hematite mesocrystal superstructures assembled from highly oriented tiny nanoparticle (NP) subunits with sizes of ca. 5 nm were developed to achieve the highest photocurrent density (4.

Anchoring IrPdAu Nanoparticles on NH-SBA-15 for Fast Hydrogen Production from Formic Acid at Room Temperature.

Hydrogen (H), a regenerable and promising energy carrier, acts as an essential role in the construction of a sustainable energy system. Formic acid (HCOOH, FA), a natural biological metabolic products and also accessible through carbon dioxide (CO) reduction, has a great potential to serve as a prospective H supplier for the fuel cell. Herein, ultrafine and electron-rich IrPdAu alloy nanoparticles with a size of 1.

Legumain-deficient macrophages promote senescence of tumor cells by sustaining JAK1/STAT1 activation.

Macrophages serve as the first line of communication between tumors and the rest of the immune system, and understanding the interplay between macrophage and tumor cells is essential for developing novel macrophage-based strategy against tumor. Here, we show that deletion of legumain in macrophages activates senescence of tumor cells. Macrophage derived IL-1β mediates the pro-senescent effect of Lgmn macrophages since blockage of IL-1β reverses the senescence phenotype in both a coculture model of macrophage and tumor cells and an orthotopic mouse model of breast cancer.