Association between alkaline phosphatase levels and mortality in Chinese patients with colorectal cancer with liver metastases: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a potential cancer biomarker. However, its prognostic value in patients with colorectal liver metastasis remains unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between ALP levels and mortality risk in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), providing insights for enhancing prognostic assessments.

Pharmacokinetic characterization and exposure-response relationship of crovalimab in the COMMODORE 1, 2 and 3 and COMPOSER trials of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria.

Aims: Crovalimab is a novel C5 inhibitor administered first intravenously and then subcutaneously in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) naive to complement inhibition or switching from eculizumab or ravulizumab. Crovalimab showed efficacy and safety comparable to eculizumab in the pivotal COMMODORE 2 and supporting studies.

Methods: We characterized crovalimab pharmacokinetics and the relationship between exposure pharmacokinetic parameters and pharmacodynamic biomarkers, efficacy and safety endpoints using pooled data (healthy volunteers [n = 9], naive [n = 210] and switched [n = 211] patients).

Alteration of intestinal microbiota-intestinal barrier interaction interferes with intestinal health after microcystin-LR exposure in Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles.

There remains uncertainty regarding the influence of microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) on amphibian intestinal health, specifically how MC-LR interferes with intestinal microbiota following exposure to environmental concentrations. In this study, Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles were exposed to varying MC-LR concentrations (0, 0.5, and 2 µg/L) over a 30-day period.

Rapid rise in atmospheric CO marked the end of the Late Palaeozoic Ice Age.

Atmospheric CO is thought to play a fundamental role in Earth's climate regulation. Yet, for much of Earth's geological past, atmospheric CO has been poorly constrained, hindering our understanding of transitions between cool and warm climates. Beginning ~370 million years ago in the Late Devonian and ending ~260 million years ago in the Permian, the Late Palaeozoic Ice Age was the last major glaciation preceding the current Late Cenozoic Ice Age and possibly the most intense glaciation witnessed by complex lifeforms.

Research of carrying mechanism between β-lactoglobulin and linoleic acid: Effects on protein structure and oxidative stability of linoleic acid.

Spectroscopic techniques and molecular docking were employed to explore the binding mechanism and structural characteristics of β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) with linoleic acid. The research revealed that the interaction between β-lg and linoleic acid was primarily governed by static quenching. The attachment of linoleic acid to β-lg happened naturally via hydrophobic forces.

Abnormal dynamic functional networks during pain-free periods: Resting-state co-activation pattern analysis in primary dysmenorrhea: Abnormal dynamic functional networks in primary dysmenorrhea.

Chronic pain alters the configuration of brain functional networks. Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is a form of chronic visceral pain, which has been identified spatial alterations in brain functional networks using static functional connectivity analysis methods. However, the dynamics alterations of brain functional networks during pain-free periovulation phase remain unclear.

Riveting Nucleation Enabled Long Cycling Life Calcium Metal Anodes.

Calcium metal batteries with high capacity and low cost are promising alternatives to Li-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage. However, its development is crucially impeded by the irreversible Ca metal anode, which is highly associated with uncontrollable Ca plating/stripping. Here, we report a new riveting strategy to regulate the nucleation and growth of a Ca metal anode in the 3D structure of a carbon nanotube film (CNF) by introducing in situ-formed Na metal mediators.

Design of Polydopamine@iron Oxide-Coated Ammonium Perchlorate Core-Shell Composites for Enhancing the Combustion Performance of HTPB-Based Propellants.

An ammonium perchlorate (AP) composite system with double-coating encapsulation based on the interfacial polymerization behavior of dopamine (DA) in Pickering emulsions was designed to enhance the combustion performance of HTPB-based propellants. The composite system proved highly effective in mitigating the agglomeration issues associated with iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO NPs) as catalysts, with the AP exhibiting superior performance compared to the composite comprising pure FeO NPs. The results of the thermal decomposition experiments showed that the HTD temperature of AP@PDA@FeO was reduced to 318.

A Brain Reward Circuit Inhibited By Next-Generation Weight Loss Drugs.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs) effectively reduce body weight and improve metabolic outcomes, yet established peptide-based therapies require injections and complex manufacturing. Small-molecule GLP1RAs promise oral bioavailability and scalable manufacturing, but their selective binding to human versus rodent receptors has limited mechanistic studies. The neural circuits through which these emerging therapeutics modulate feeding behavior remain undefined, particularly in comparison to established peptide-based GLP1RAs.

Targeting Siglec-E facilitates tumor vaccine-induced antitumor immunity in renal carcinoma.

Background: Siglec-E is an immune checkpoint inhibitory molecule. Expression of Siglec-E on the immune cells has been shown to promote tumor regression. This study aimed to develop an adenovirus (Ad) vaccine targeting Siglec-E and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) (Ad-Siglec-E/CAIX) and to evaluate its potential antitumor effects in several preclinical renal cancer models.

Colloidal Nanoparticles Hold Elementary Charge in Nonpolar Solvent.

The net charge of individual nanoparticles in nonpolar solvents plays a critical role in their intrinsic properties like charge carrier lifetime, electron transport, and interparticle interactions. However, there is a long-standing belief that the oil-dispersed nanoparticles inherently possess no net charge. This work presents an approach for directly quantifying the net charge of individual nanoparticles.

LAG3 immune inhibitors: a novel strategy for melanoma treatment.

Melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer, poses significant challenges in treatment, particularly for advanced or metastatic cases. While immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1, has transformed melanoma management, many patients experience limited responses or develop resistance, highlighting the need for new therapeutic strategies. Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) has emerged as a promising target in cancer immunotherapy.

Amino acid transporter GmAAP6-like contributes to seed quality and responds to jasmonic acid pathway under MSX toxicity stress.

Amino acid transporters participate in the transport and distribution of amino acids in plants and are vital for plant growth and development. Despite their importance, few works have investigated the functions of amino acid permeases (AAP) amino acid transporters in soybean. In this study, we re-identified the AAP family genes in soybean using a new public genome database and cloned a soybean AAP gene renamed GmAAP6-like.

Femtomolar hydrogen sulfide detection via hybrid small-molecule nano-arrays.

Early disease diagnosis hinges on the sensitive detection of signaling molecules. Among these, hydrogen sulfide (HS) has emerged as a critical player in cardiovascular and nervous system signaling. On-chip immunoassays, particularly nanoarray-based interfacial detection, offer promising avenues for ultra-sensitive analysis due to their confined reaction volumes and precise signal localization.

Grain engineering for efficient near-infrared perovskite light-emitting diodes.

Metal halide perovskites show promise for next-generation light-emitting diodes, particularly in the near-infrared range, where they outperform organic and quantum-dot counterparts. However, they still fall short of costly III-V semiconductor devices, which achieve external quantum efficiencies above 30% with high brightness. Among several factors, controlling grain growth and nanoscale morphology is crucial for further enhancing device performance.

CDUNeXt: efficient ossification segmentation with large kernel and dual cross gate attention.

Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) is the main causative factor of spinal stenosis, but how to accurately and efficiently identify the ossification region is a clinical pain point and an urgent problem to be solved. Currently, we can only rely on the doctor's subjective experience for identification, with low efficiency and large error. In this study, a deep learning method is introduced for the first time into the diagnosis of ligamentum flavum ossificans, we proposed a lightweight, automatic and efficient method for identifying ossified regions, called CDUNeXt.

The interaction of isoquinoline alkaloid crebanine with immunoglobulin G and cytotoxic effects toward MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.

In this study, the interaction of crebanine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, with immunoglobulin G (IgG) was evaluated. Subsequently, the anticancer effects of crebanine in MCF-7 breast cancer cells were assessed. The results demonstrate that static quenching plays a key role in the fluorescence quenching of the IgG by crebanine, and some embedded hydrophobic patches of the IgG are exposed upon interaction with crebanine, while the characteristic β-sheet conformation of the IgG was almost preserved.

Conditional Relay Activation of Theranostic Prodrug by Pretargeting Bioorthogonal Trigger and Fluorescence-Guided Visible Light Irradiation.

Bioorthogonalized light-responsive click-and-uncage platform has enabled precise cell surface engineering and timed payload release, but most of such photoactivatable prodrugs have "always-on" photoactivity leading to the dark toxicity. On the other hand, the conditionally activatable photocage is limited to the application of fluorogenic probe/photosensitizer liberation. Herein, we devise a conditionally activatable theranostic platform based on the tetrazine (Tz)-boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) construct, in which tetrazine serves as a quencher motif to disable both the fluorescence and photoresponsivity of BODIPY.

Role of urinary trace elements in diabetic kidney disease: a cross-sectional analysis.

Introduction: The balance of trace elements plays an important role in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) patients. However, studies on the differences in urinary trace elements across different DKD stages are scarce. This study aimed to explore the associations between nine essential trace elements and DKD.

Effect of energy level on reactive oxygen species metabolism during shade-drying of Thompson seedless grapes and its relation to browning.

The browning of Thompson seedless grapes during shade-drying significantly hampers the sustainable and healthy development of the industry. This study investigates the browning phenomenon and reactive oxygen species (ROS) dynamics when Thompson seedless grapes, treated with adenosine triphosphate (ATP), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), and water (QS), are dried in the shade. The effects of these treatments on ROS metabolism were analyzed through physiological, biochemical, and proteomic analyses.