Prediction of primary biliary cholangitis among health check-up population with anti-mitochondrial M2 antibody positive.

Background: Anti-mitochondrial M2 antibody (AMA-M2) is a specific marker for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and it could be also presented in non-PBC individuals.

Methods: A total of 72173 Chinese health check-up individuals tested AMA-M2, of which non-PBC AMA-M2 positive individuals were performed follow-up. Baseline data of both clinical characteristics and laboratory examinations were collected in all AMA-M2-positive individuals.

Structural analysis and immunological activity of a novel low molecular weight neutral polysaccharide isolated from Hemerocallis citrina Borani.

A novel neutral water-soluble polysaccharide (HCBP1-1) was isolated and purified from Hemerocallis citrina Borani by column chromatography. The fine structure of HCBP1-1 was determined by a series of physical and chemical means. HCBP1-1 was a homogeneous low molecular weight polysaccharide of 7.

Integrating single-cell RNA-Seq and machine learning to dissect tryptophan metabolism in ulcerative colitis.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a persistent inflammatory bowels disease (IBD) characterized by immune response dysregulation and metabolic disruptions. Tryptophan metabolism has been believed as a significant factor in UC pathogenesis, with specific metabolites influencing immune modulation and gut microbiota interactions. However, the precise regulatory mechanisms and key genes involved remain unclear.

Dual Antiplatelet Treatment up to 72 Hours After Ischemic Stroke Stratified by Risk Profile: A Post Hoc Analysis.

Background: Risk profile of recurrence may influence the effect of antiplatelet therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of clopidogrel-aspirin initiated within 72 hours after symptom onset for acute mild stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack stratified by risk profile.

Methods: This is a secondary post hoc analysis of the INSPIRES (Intensive Statin and Antiplatelet Therapy for Acute High-risk Intracranial or Extracranial Atherosclerosis) randomized clinical trial that enrolled patients 35 to 80 years old with acute mild ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack between 2018 and 2022.

Research on the Structure and Properties of Traditional Handmade Bamboo Paper During the Aging Process.

Handmade papers, as carriers of paper-based cultural relics, have played a crucial role in the development of human culture, knowledge, and civilization. Understanding the intricate relationship between the structural properties and degradation mechanisms of handmade papers is essential for the conservation of historical documents. In this work, an artificial dry-heat-accelerated aging method was used to investigate the interplay among the mechanical properties of paper, the degree of polymerization (DP) of cellulose, the chemical composition, the hydrogen bond strength, the crystallinity, and the degree of hornification for paper fibers.

An Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of Lead (II) Ions Using Biochar of Spent Coffee Grounds Modified by TiO Nanoparticles.

Toxic heavy metal ions, such as lead ions, significantly threaten human health and the environment. This work introduces a novel method for the simple and sensitive detection of lead ions based on biochar-loaded titanium dioxide nanoparticles (BC@TiONPs) nanocomposites. Eco-friendly biochar samples were prepared from spent coffee grounds (500 °C, 1 h) that were chemically activated with TiO nanoparticles (150 °C, 24 h) to improve their conductivity.

A Comprehensive Review on Dietary Polysaccharides as Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Postbiotics in Infant Formula and Their Influences on Gut Microbiota.

Human milk contains an abundance of nutrients which benefit the development and growth of infants. However, infant formula has to be used when breastfeeding is not possible. The large differences between human milk and infant formula in prebiotics lead to the suboptimal intestinal health of infant formula-fed infants.

Bioinformatics-assisted mining and design of novel pullulanase suitable for starch cold hydrolysis.

Cold-active pullulanases with good catalytic performance possess promising applications in cold hydrolysis of starch. Adopting bioinformatics-assisted mining strategies, 7 candidate cold-active pullulanases were initially screened out from IMG/MER database. Among the candidates, PulBs exhibited good thermostability and the highest specific activity of 147.

Accelerated biological aging increases the risk of short- and long-term stroke prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke or TIA.

Background: Biological age (BA), an integrated measure of physiological aging, has a clear link to stroke. There is a paucity of long-term longitudinal studies about the association between accelerated biological age and stroke prognosis in patients with previous strokes, and the differences in the predictive ability of various BA indicators calculated from clinical biochemistry biomarkers for future stroke outcomes are still unknown. To evaluate the role of three accelerated BA indicators for short- and long-term prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), and to identify the most appropriate predictor.

The Association Between Frailty and Depression of Older Adults with Cancer in China: The Mediating Effect of Social Support.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the mediating role of social support between depression and frailty in older adults with cancer and the regulatory role of the income level.

Patients And Methods: A convenient sampling method was used to select 448 older adults with cancer from the cancer-related departments of 3 hospitals in Bengbu City, Anhui Province, China. The sociodemographic and disease-related data were collected and examined using the frailty phenotype scale, social support scale, and older adults depression scale.

Reciprocal tumor-platelet interaction through the EPHB1-EFNB1 axis in the liver metastatic niche promotes metastatic tumor outgrowth in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: The interaction between the metastatic microenvironment and tumor cells plays an important role in metastatic tumor formation. Platelets play pivotal roles in hematogenous cancer metastasis through tumor cell-platelet interaction in blood vessels. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy distinguished by its notable tendency to metastasize to the liver.

Influenza A virus continues to circulate among children in Linyi, northern China, after the relaxation of COVID-19 control measures.

Following the relaxation of control measures for COVID-19 in China in December 2022, there was a resurgence of influenza A among children in Linyi. This research aims to analyze the epidemiology and genetic characteristics of influenza A viruses circulating among children in Linyi from April 2022 to March 2024. Throat swab specimens were collected from children with influenza-like illness (ILI), and the types of influenza were identified.

Alterations of the resting-state brain network connectivity and gray matter volume in patients with fibromyalgia in comparison to ankylosing spondylitis.

Fibromyalgia (FM) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are both rheumatic diseases characterized by significant musculoskeletal pain. In this study, we investigated the differences of the resting-state network (RSN) connectivity and gray matter volume (GMV) between FM, AS and healthy controls (HCs). We recruited 38 FM patients, 82 AS patients and 61 HCs in this study.

Ni/Fe Fluorides (Hydroxide) Nanocomposite as Efficient OER Catalyst.

The synthesis of efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts that markedly reduce the overpotential over an extended period is crucial for electrolytic water splitting toward hydrogen production. A kind of Ni/Fe fluoride (hydroxide) nanocomposite OER catalyst is designed and prepared by a two-step method for the first time. The nanocomposite with the optimal OER performance (Ni : Fe precursor ratio of 9 : 1) is observed to possess a nanoparticle morphology with size of about 100 nm.

Spectrum of Craniofacial and Oral Malformations in China, a Multicenter Study.

Objective: Craniofacial and oral malformations (COMs) represent an important class of human developmental disorders with profound implications on the anatomical structure, appearance, and various physiological functions. In this study, we aimed to define the spectrum of COMs and analysis its features or possible influencing factors to improve the surveillance and control of the disease.

Materials And Methods: We organized a multicenter survey of COMs from 19 hospitals in 14 provinces.

Prognostic alternative splicing and multi-omics characteristics reveal FTCD is a potential target of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: This research aimed to identify alternative splicing (AS) variants in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and assess their prognostic biomarker potential. We analyzed genome-wide prognostic-associated AS events to pinpoint specific genes that could predict HCC patient outcomes and serve as therapeutic targets.

Methods: Analyzing 343 liver cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) via RNA-seq, we evaluated the impact of seven AS patterns on HCC.

Patient-reported outcomes in adults with tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia receiving olverembatinib therapy.

Background: The objective of this study was to assess patient-reported outcomes (PROs), including health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and anxiety and depression symptoms, and to identify associated variables in patients with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic-phase (CP) or accelerated-phase (AP) who were receiving olverembatinib.

Methods: Patients in multicenter studies were invited to complete the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Core 30 Questionnaire, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and the Self-Rating Depression Scale at baseline and regularly during olverembatinib therapy. The time trends in PROs were estimated with a linear model using a generalized estimating equation based on an independent working correlation matrix.

Spatial-temporal modulation method of nanosecond laser for the double-cone ignition scheme.

In order to improve the stability of the pulse, realize the high requirements of the direct drive ignition design for the uniformity of the target irradiation, reduce the interference of laser plasma instability, and improve the laser-target coupling efficiency, a nanosecond laser spatial-temporal modulation of high-power laser driver for double-cone ignition (DCI) research was proposed. Under the premise of satisfying the near-isentropic compression waveform of driving implosion, the time-power curves of all sub-beams in the facility are redistributed to reduce the waveform contrast ratio of each sub-beam. A fewer number of sub-beams are utilized to generate low-power foot pulses, which are focused on the target surface of the initial radius.

Onboard measurements of organic vapor emissions from river vessels under various operational conditions.

The emission factors and characteristics of pollutants from river vessels are critical for understanding the environmental impact of ship emissions, particularly in inland waterways. However, research gaps remain regarding emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) from river vessels. In this study, we collected and analyzed organic vapor emissions, including non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHCs), oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) and IVOCs, from three river vessels under different operating conditions.

Associations of non-insulin-based insulin resistance indices with presence and extent of multi-territorial atherosclerosis: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Non-insulin-based insulin resistance (IR) indices, simple and reliable surrogates for IR calculated without insulin level, have been reported to be associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Methods: Participants without diabetes from the cross-sectional baseline survey of the PRECISE (Poly-Vascular Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Events) cohort study were included in present study. Non-insulin-based IR indices, including triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride glucose-body mass (TyG-BMI) index, triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) index, were calculated and stratified into quartiles.

Outgrowth of Escherichia is susceptible to aggravation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is linked to host gut dysbiosis. Here we performed faecal gut microbiome sequencing to investigate SLE-pathogenic gut microbes and their potential mechanisms.

Methods: There were 134 healthy controls (HCs) and 114 SLE cases for 16 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing and 97 HCs and 124 SLE cases for shotgun metagenomics.

Ythdf2 facilitates precursor miR-378/miR-378-5p maturation to support myogenic differentiation.

Ythdf2 is known to mediate mRNA degradation in an mA-dependent manner, and it has been shown to play a role in skeletal muscle differentiation. Recently, Ythdf2 was also found to bind to mA-modified precursor miRNAs and regulate their maturation. However, it remains unknown whether this mechanism is related to the regulation of myogenesis by Ythdf2.

Assessment of the elevation-dependent warming in the Qinling-Daba Mountains and its relationship with land surface albedo and aerosol optical depth from 2001 to 2021.

In this paper, we examined the elevation-dependent warming (EDW) patterns of MODIS LST across different seasons in the Qinling-Daba Mountains, further investigate the connections between the EDW patterns of Land surface temperature (LST) and land surface albedo (ALB) as well as aerosol optical depth (AOD). The key findings include: (1) Our study reveals a robust correlation between LST and air temperature in the Qinling-Daba Mountains, suggesting the feasibility of using MODIS LST to predict the temperature trends (2) During the period from 2001 to 2010, MODIS LST shows a significant EDW trend, primarily in the spring season. In contrast, a negative EDW is observed in the period during 2011-2021, which is contrary to the earlier decade, particularly during the autumn and winter seasons.