Combining the Active Site Construction and Microenvironment Regulation via a Bio-Inspired Strategy Boosts CO2 Electroreduction under Ampere-Level Current Densities.

Electrochemical reduction of CO2 reaction (CO2RR) is recognized as a complicated process involving multiple steps on gas-electrode-solution interface. Hence, it is equally important to construct highly-efficient active sites and regulate favorable microenvironments around the reaction interface. Herein, we propose a biomimetic strategy to address both issues simultaneously in one catalytic system.

TAF7 directly targets SAA1 to enhance triple-negative breast cancer metastasis via phosphorylating E-cadherin and N-cadherin.

Identification of metastasis drivers of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a multifaceted challenge. Here, we identified TATA-box binding protein associated factor 7 (TAF7) as a candidate to modulate TNBC metastasis. TAF7 exhibited high expression in metastatic TNBC patients, and its elevated expression showed a negative correlation with overall survival in TNBC patients.

Enhancing diagnostic capability with multi-agents conversational large language models.

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in healthcare tasks but face challenges in complex medical scenarios. We developed a Multi-Agent Conversation (MAC) framework for disease diagnosis, inspired by clinical Multi-Disciplinary Team discussions. Using 302 rare disease cases, we evaluated GPT-3.

Differences in Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Diastasis Recti Abdominis Between Primiparous and Age-Matched second-Parous Females After Vaginal Delivery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the differences in pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) and diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) between primiparous and second-parous females with known risk factors controlled.

Patients And Methods: 49 primiparous and 49 age-matched second-parous postpartum after spontaneous vaginal delivery were included between October and December 2023. Independent variables include weight, height, body mass index (BMI), fetal weight, gestational weight gain (GWG).

The Correlation Between RIN3 Gene Methylation and Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, after Alzheimer's disease. Many individuals with PD experience cognitive impairment, significantly threatening both their physical and mental well-being. Research has shown that abnormal DNA methylation is closely linked to neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

Mitochondrial Genome of and Insights into the Phylogeny of Brachyura.

Brachyura is among the most diverse groups of crustaceans, with over 7000 described species. Crab mitogenomes are important for understanding molecular evolution and phylogenetic relationships. exhibits specific rearrangements compared with the Pancrustacean ground pattern and other Brachyura species.

Optimization of the process of acetylation and carboxymethylation for a polysaccharide from Gastrodia elata and antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities test.

A water-soluble polysaccharide extracted from Gastrodia elata was chemically modified to generate acetylated and carboxymethylated derivatives. Thourshe conditions for the two modification methods were optimized through single factor and response surface analyses. The optimized conditions for acetylation were 3.

Deactivating mutations in the catalytic site of a companion serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferase enhance catechin galloylation in plants.

Galloylated flavan-3-ols are key quality and health-related compounds in tea plants of section . and are two representative species known for their high levels of galloylated flavan-3-ols. Building on our knowledge of galloyl catechin biosynthesis in , we now focus on the biosynthesis of galloylated phenolics in , aiming to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the high accumulation of these compounds in species.

Fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases: Mechanism basis, clinical application, and potential prospect.

To review the theoretical basis and therapeutic effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in various diseases in animal experiments and clinical studies, as well as the limitations and current standards of FMT application. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published only in English between 1975 and 2023 on reliable results of animal experiments and clinical treatment of FMT. The properties of the gut microbiota and its interactions with the host metabolism are critical to human health, and microbiome disturbance is closely associated with human intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases.

A Stratified Precision Medicine Trial Targeting Selective Mechanisms of Alpha 2A Agonism as a Treatment for the Cognitive Biotype of Depression: The BIomarker Guided (BIG) Study for Depression.

Cognitive impairments contribute significantly to psychosocial dysfunction in major depressive disorder (MDD), yet mechanistically selective treatments targeted to these impairments are lacking. We evaluated guanfacine immediate release (GIR), an alpha 2A receptor agonist, as a novel treatment for selectively improving cognitive control circuit function and behavioral performance in a subtype of depression, the cognitive biotype. Seventeen MDD participants of this biotype completed 6-8 weeks of GIR treatment (target dose: 2mg/night), meeting our per protocol criteria.

Global incidence of maternal sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study investigates the global incidence of maternal sepsis, a life-threatening condition and major cause of maternal mortality. Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, we aim to provide a more precise estimation of its incidence, identify regional variations, and examine associated risk factors to inform improved prevention and management strategies.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Integrating a multi-omics strategy framework to screen potential targets in cognitive impairment-related epilepsy.

Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder that affects over 70 million individuals worldwide and is often associated with cognitive impairments. Despite the widespread impact of epilepsy and cognitive impairments, the genetic basis and causal relationships underlying these conditions remain uncertain, prompting us to conduct a comprehensive investigation into the molecular mechanisms involved. In this study, we utilized statistical data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) to evaluate correlation and large-scale pan-phenotype genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to establish genetic correlation and causality.

Protocadherin 17 weakens the lenvatinib resistance of liver cancer through inducing ferroptosis.

Lenvatinib has been employed in the treatment of advanced liver cancer; however, its clinical application is significantly impeded by frequent drug resistance. Recent studies have revealed that lenvatinib treatment triggers ferroptosis in liver cancer cells, providing a novel approach to addressing lenvatinib resistance. In this study, we initially validated the induction of ferroptosis by lenvatinib in liver cancer cells.

Effects of lipoic acid on performance, slaughter performance, intestinal digestive enzymes and apparent digestibility of nutrients in heat-stressed broilers.

This study aims to investigate the impact of supplementing α-lipoic acid (ALA) on the growth performance, intestinal digestive enzymes, and apparent digestibility of nutrients in broiler chickens under high ambient temperature. A total of 160 28-day-old Cobb broiler chickens were randomly divided into four groups with four replicates per group and ten chickens per replicate. The experiment employed a 2 × 2 factorial design, consisting of two diets (basal diet or diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg ALA) and two temperature conditions (24 ± 1 ℃ or 33 ± 1 ℃).

Predicting circRNA-disease associations with shared units and multi-channel attention mechanisms.

Motivation: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as key players in the progression of several diseases; however, their roles have not yet been determined because of the high financial burden of biological studies. This highlights the urgent need to develop efficient computational models that can predict circRNA-disease associations, offering an alternative approach to overcome the limitations of expensive experimental studies. Although multi-view learning methods have been widely adopted, most approaches fail to fully exploit the latent information across views, while simultaneously overlooking the fact that different views contribute to varying degrees of significance.

Development of an MRI based artificial intelligence model for the identification of underlying atrial fibrillation after ischemic stroke: a multicenter proof-of-concept analysis.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents a major risk factor of ischemic stroke recurrence with serious management implications. However, it often remains undiagnosed due to lack of standard or prolonged cardiac rhythm monitoring. We aim to create a novel end-to-end artificial intelligence (AI) model that uses MRI data to rapidly identify high AF risk in patients who suffer from an acute ischemic stroke.

Thionated Coumarins: Study of the Intersystem Crossing and the Zero-field Splitting of the Triplet State Using Time-Resolved Transient Optical and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopies.

To study the effect of thionation of the carbonyl groups in a chromophore, i.e. replacing the O atom with S atom, on the photophysics, we studied two thionated coumarin derivatives (Cou-S and Cou-6-S) with various steady state and transient spectroscopic methods.

Adipose-derived stem cells attenuate rheumatoid arthritis by restoring CXCR1 synovial lining macrophage barrier.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease and the integrity of CXCR1 synovial macrophage barrier significantly impacts its progression. However, the mechanisms driving the dynamic changes of this macrophage barrier remain unclear. Traditional drug therapies for RA have substantial limitations.

Graphdiyne biomaterials: from characterization to properties and applications.

Graphdiyne (GDY), the sole synthetic carbon allotrope with sp-hybridized carbon atoms, has been extensively researched that benefit from its pore structure, fully conjugated surfaces, wide band gaps, and more reactive C≡C bonds. In addition to the intrinsic features of GDY, engineering at the nanoscale, including metal/transition metal ion modification, chemical elemental doping, and other biomolecular modifications, endowed GDY with a broader functionality. This has led to its involvement in biomedical applications, including enzyme catalysis, molecular assays, targeted drug delivery, antitumor, and sensors.

Dual-Action flavonol carbonized polymer dots spray: Accelerating burn wound recovery through immune responses modulation and EMT induction.

Effective immune homeostasis modulation and re-epithelialization promotion are crucial for accelerating burn wound healing. Cell migration is fundamental to re-epithelialization, with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as a key mechanism. A sustained inflammatory environment or impaired macrophage transition to M2 phenotype can hinder pro-resolving cytokine activation, further delaying the recruitment, migration, and re-epithelialization of epidermal cells to the injury site, ultimately compromising wound healing.

The relationship between renal function indicators and preeclampsia in the second trimester of pregnancy: a retrospective study.

Background: To investigate the relationship between serum renal function indicators and preeclampsia (PE) in pregnant women at second trimester of pregnancy, determine the optimal critical values of the above indicators, and further identify the independent risk factors of PE.

Methods: We assessed the renal function indicators in second trimesters of 137 pregnant women with PE and 137 normal pregnant women who delivered at Shijiazhuang Fourth Hospital between January 2020 to December 2022. Paired -tests, paired Mann-Whitney U tests, and Chi-square tests were used to evaluate differences of clinical data between the two groups.

Identification of CMY-190, a novel chromosomally encoded AmpC β-lactamase, and plasmid-encoded KPC-2 in a clinical isolate of .

This study investigates the antibiotic resistance phenotype and genotype of strain YS01, isolated from a peritoneal effusion sample, focusing on both chromosomal and plasmid-mediated resistance mechanisms to inform clinical antibiotic therapy. Our results reveal the presence of the chromosomally encoded β-lactamase CMY-190 and the plasmid-encoded carbapenemase KPC-2, which confer resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems, respectively. CMY-190 exhibits substrate and inhibition profiles similar to AmpC β-lactamases and shares 88.

Clinical Efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) in Pediatric Functional Constipation: Impact on Immunological Indicators and Gut Microbiota.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in treating pediatric functional constipation (FC) and to explore its mechanisms by analyzing changes in serum neurotransmitters and gut microbiota. This was a prospective cohort study conducted on 60 children aged 4-14 years diagnosed with FC. Participants were divided into two groups, namely, one receiving TENS therapy three times a week for 4 weeks and the control group receiving lactulose.

Spatial Variations of Atmospheric Alkylated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons across the Western Pacific to the Southern Ocean: Unexpected Increasing Deposition.

Spatial variations of atmospheric alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Alk-PAHs) are key to understanding their long-range atmospheric transport (LRAT). However, limited Alk-PAHs data have hindered their LRAT characterizations on a global scale. In this study, 49 Alk-PAHs were measured in the atmospheric samples collected across the Western Pacific to the Southern Ocean.

Electrically coherent manipulation of individual atomic and molecular spins on surface.

The development of quantum information technology demands precise engineering and control of quantum states at the single-atom level. Recent advances in electron spin resonance combined scanning tunneling microscopy (ESR-STM) have enabled quantum coherent control of individual atomic and molecular spins on surfaces, marking a significant advance in quantum nanoscience and technology. This review summarized the latest developments in electrically coherent manipulation of surface-based quantum systems, focusing on single atomic and molecular spin manipulation, and multi-spin system dynamics.