A Granzyme B-Cleavable T Cell-Targeted Bispecific Cell Vesicle Connector for Reversing New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder in which pancreatic β-cells are destroyed by CD8 T cells. Anti-CD3 antibody effectively treats early-stage T1D when β-cell autoantibodies are detected but before symptoms appear. However, it impairs the immune system temporarily, exposing individuals to infection.

Clinical Characteristics, Pathogen Distribution, and Factors Affecting Visual Outcomes of Pediatric Post-Traumatic Endophthalmitis.

This study aimed to investigate the etiology, pathogens, antibiotic susceptibility, treatments, and factors influencing the visual prognosis of pediatric post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) to provide valuable insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment. A total of 301 children were included, with 142 (47.2%) cultures yielding positive results.

Flexible Electrode Arrays Based on a Wide Bandgap Semiconductors for Chronic Implantable Multiplexed Sensing and Heart Pacemakers.

Implantable systems with chronic stability, high sensing performance, and extensive spatial-temporal resolution are a growing focus for monitoring and treating several diseases such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, chronic pain, and cardiac arrhythmias. These systems demand exceptional bendability, scalable size, durable electrode materials, and well-encapsulated metal interconnects. However, existing chronic implantable bioelectronic systems largely rely on materials prone to corrosion in biofluids, such as silicon nanomembranes or metals.

Imperatorin Suppresses Aberrant Hedgehog Pathway and Overcomes Smoothened Antagonist Resistance via STAT3 Inhibition.

Background: Hyperactive Hedgehog (Hh) signaling initiates and drives the progression of various tumors. Despite the clinical success of Hh inhibitors targeting Smoothened (SMO), drug resistance, often stemming from SMO mutations, remains a formidable obstacle in cancer therapy. Here, we investigated the potential of imperatorin (IMP), a Chinese herbal medicine, to overcome drug resistance and revealed the potential mechanisms.

DNA nanowire-enhanced polymerization isomerization cyclic amplification toward photocurrent polarity switching-based PEC biosensing.

The photocurrent-polarity-switching signal transduction strategy has provided an effective approach to improve the performance of photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensors. Herein, we prepared a MXene/CdS nanocomposite based PEC biosensor and combined it with the polymerization and isomerization cyclic amplification (PICA)-assisted capture of a Fe and Cu co-coordinating 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)porphyrin (TFC) based signal probe to develop a novel photocurrent-polarity-switching PEC biosensing method for the detection of kanamycin antibiotic. The PICA arose from the aptamer recognition-triggered release of an Mg-dependent DNAzyme (MNAzyme) strand to cleave its substrate.

Pilocarpine in the Treatment of Presbyopia: Progress, Issues, and Future Prospects.

Presbyopia is a common age-related visual impairment. With the aging of the population, the incidence of presbyopia is increasing globally, becoming a worldwide public health concern. Treatment options for presbyopia include optical lens correction, surgical intervention, and pharmacological therapy.

Exploring the oncogenic potential of Aiolos in lung cancer through OTUB1-mediated ubiquitination.

Aiolos (IKZF3), a zinc finger transcription factor, has been identified in various solid tumors. While most research on Aiolos focuses on its role in the hematopoietic system, its expression patterns, mechanisms of action, and biological impacts in lung cancer remain relatively unexplored. This study investigates Aiolos' role in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis deteriorates immunoregulatory effects of tryptophan via colonic indole and LBP/HTR2B-mediated macrophage function.

Tryptophan (Trp) has been shown to regulate immune function by modulating gut serotonin (5-HT) metabolism and signaling. However, the mechanisms underlying the microbial modulation of gut 5-HT signaling in gut inflammation with gut microbiota dysbiosis require further investigation. Here, we investigated the effects of Trp supplementation on the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiome and 5-HT signaling-related gut immune function using a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model coupled with antibiotic exposure.

Investigating Frailty, Polypharmacy, Malnutrition, Chronic Conditions, and Quality of Life in Older Adults: Large Population-Based Study.

Background: Aging, a significant public health issue, is associated with multiple concurrent chronic diseases and aging-related conditions (geriatric syndromes).

Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of age and chronic conditions on geriatric syndromes and the intercorrelations between multiple geriatric syndromes and quality of life (QoL) in older adults (aged ≥65 years) at the population level.

Methods: A large representative sample was randomly selected from a county in China, Feidong, with 17 towns and 811,867 residents.

Multifunctional polyvinyl alcohol/poly-dopamine hydrogels loaded with bio-nano composites promote wound healing by repairing endogenous electric fields.

In this paper, a heart-shaped nanocomposite (MXenen@Cu-MOF, MC) has been prepared by hydrothermal method. This material can effectively prevent the accumulation of MXene, improve the material's electrical conductivity and antibacterial properties. In addition, it is loaded into Polyvinyl alcohol/Poly-dopamine hydrogel wound dressings (PPMC), which can effectively destroy bacterial biofilms and provide a new pathway for internal electrical currents, helping to repair internal electric fields and promote wound healing.

Fungal Endophthalmitis: Clinical Characteristics, Pathogens, and Factors Affecting Visual Outcome.

Aims: The aims of this study are to investigate the etiology, microbiological spectrum, and risk factors associated with visual outcomes of fungal endophthalmitis (FE) in a tertiary eye specialty hospital in Shanghai, China.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center case series. The clinical characteristics, etiology, microbiological spectrum, and management, as well as the visual outcomes, were analyzed.

MOF/MXene-loaded PVA/chitosan hydrogel with antimicrobial effect and wound healing promotion under electrical stimulation and improved mechanical properties.

Electrical stimulation modulates cell behavior and influences bacterial activity, so highly conductive, antimicrobial hydrogels are suitable for promoting wound healing. In this study, highly conductive and antimicrobial TiCTx (MXene) hydrogels composed of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) and AgCu- HPYDC MOF were developed. In PVACS/MOF/MXene (PCMM) hydrogels, the MXene layer acts as an electrical conductor.

Adverse events associated with brolucizumab: a disproportionality analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS).

Background: The safety information of brolucizumab primarily comes from clinical trials experience. This study aimed to explore the ocular and systemic adverse events (AEs) associated with brolucizumab among real-world patients through data mining the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Methods: AE reports submitted to the FAERS database between October 2019 and March 2023 were extracted.

Living, Heat-Killed and Its Cell-Free Supernatant Differentially Regulate Colonic Serotonin Receptors and Immune Response in Experimental Colitis.

species have been shown to alleviate gut inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the effect of different lactobacilli components on gut inflammation has not been well studied. This study aims to identify the differences in the effect and mechanisms of different forms and components of (LM) treatment in the alleviation of gut inflammation using a colitis mouse model that is induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS).

Etiology, Microbiological Isolates, and Antibiotic Susceptibilities in Inpatients with Refractory Auricular Perichondritis: A 10-Year Retrospective Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the etiologies, microbiological profiles, antibiotic susceptibilities of bacteria and outcomes of patients with auricular perichondritis.

Patients And Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study. Inpatients diagnosed with auricular perichondritis at a university teaching hospital in eastern China between January 2013 and December 2022 were included in this study.

Bimetal-Organic Framework-Loaded PVA/Chitosan Composite Hydrogel with Interfacial Antibacterial and Adhesive Hemostatic Features for Wound Dressings.

Silver-containing wound dressings have shown attractive advantages in the treatment of wound infection due to their excellent antibacterial activity. However, the introduction of silver ions or AgNPs directly into the wound can cause deposition in the body as particles. Here, with the aim of designing low-silver wound dressings, a bimetallic-MOF antibacterial material called AgCu@MOF was developed using 3, 5-pyridine dicarboxylic acid as the ligand and Ag and Cu as metal ion sites.

Superb microvascular imaging for evaluation of microvascularity in breast nodules compared with conventional Doppler imaging.

Background: Neovascularity visualization in breast nodules is challenging due to the limitations of conventional Doppler imaging methods. This study aims to assess the performance of superb microvascular imaging (SMI) in evaluating the microvascularity of breast nodules (diameter ≤2 cm). The comparison of performances of SMI with color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) and power Doppler imaging (PDI) was made by using a three-factor scoring system of vascularity.

Prediction of nonlayered oxide monolayers as flexible high-κ dielectrics with negative Poisson's ratios.

During the last two decades, two-dimensional (2D) materials have been the focus of condensed matter physics and material science due to their promising fundamental properties and (opto-)electronic applications. However, high-κ 2D dielectrics that can be integrated within 2D devices are often missing. Here, we propose nonlayered oxide monolayers with calculated exfoliation energy as low as 0.

Uncovering spin-orbit coupling-independent hidden spin polarization of energy bands in antiferromagnets.

Many textbook physical effects in crystals are enabled by some specific symmetries. In contrast to such 'apparent effects', 'hidden effect X' refers to the general condition where the nominal global system symmetry would disallow the effect X, whereas the symmetry of local sectors within the crystal would enable effect X. Known examples include the hidden Rashba and/or hidden Dresselhaus spin polarization that require spin-orbit coupling, but unlike their apparent counterparts are demonstrated to exist in non-magnetic systems even in inversion-symmetric crystals.

Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Induces A375 Melanoma Cell Apoptosis Through Overactivation of the Unfolded Protein Response.

Purpose: Melanomas are highly malignant and rapidly develop drug resistance due to dysregulated apoptosis. Therefore, pro-apoptotic agents could be effective for the management of melanoma. Hydrogen sulfide is ubiquitous in the body, and exogenous hydrogen sulfide has been reported to show inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effects on cancer cells.

Improving lateral resolution and contrast by combining coherent plane-wave compounding with adaptive weighting for medical ultrasound imaging.

Due to the severe lateral lobe artifact by coherent plane-wave compounding (CPWC) and the low signal-to-noise ratio of radiofrequency (RF) data collected from the plane wave, the adaptive beamforming methods based on focused wave imaging (FWI) are improper to be directly applied to CPWC. To obtain a high-quality image with high resolution and contrast, this study combined the threshold phase coherence factor (THR-PCF) with the reconstructed covariance matrix minimum variance (RCM-MV) and then proposed a novel CPWC-based adaptive beamforming algorithm, THR-PCF + RCM-MV. The simulation, phantom, and in-vivo experiments were performed to investigate the performance of the proposed methods in comparison with the CPWC and the classical adaptive methods including the minimum variance (MV), generalized coherence factor (GCF) and their combination GCF + MV.