CD163 impairs HBV clearance in mice by regulating intrahepatic T cell immune response via an IL-10-dependent mechanism.

Background & Aims: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) arises from a persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, complicating efforts for a functional cure. Kupffer cells (KCs), liver-resident macrophages, are pivotal in mediating immune tolerance to HBV. Although CD163 marks M2-polarized KCs, its precise role in HBV infection remains unclear and warrants further investigation.

Corrigendum: Integrating metagenomics and culturomics to uncover the soil bacterial community in cultivation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.

Loading curcumin on hyperbranched polymers functionalized Zein via the phenol-yne click reaction as pH-responsive drug delivery system for chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy.

Zein and its complexes have been considered as promising carriers for encapsulating and delivering various biological active ingredients, however, there still have some issues about Zein-based drug delivery systems should be considered, including poor colloidal stability, low drug encapsulation efficiency as well as rapid initial drug release, and uncontrollable release. In this work, we reported for the first time that hyperbranched polymers (HPG) functionalized Zein with terminal alkyne (Zein-HPG-PA) can be used for loading anticancer agent curcumin (CUR) via a facile phenol-yne click reaction. The resultant product (Zein-HPG-PA@CUR) displays high drug loading capacity, small particle size and excellent water dispersibility.

Association of the Monocyte to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Neutrophil to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio With the Severity of New-Onset Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MHR) and neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) are novel comprehensive indicators reflecting the body's inflammation and lipid metabolism. Previous studies have found that MHR and NHR are associated with the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and death. However, the correlation between MHR, NHR, and the severity of newly diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been thoroughly explored.

Self-assembled water soluble and bone-targeting phosphorylated quercetin ameliorates postmenopausal osteoporosis in ovariectomy mice.

Natural compounds have shown promising application prospects in preventing or treating various diseases, including osteoporosis on account of their abundant sources, low price, multi-targeting and multiple biological effects. As a bioactive natural product, quercetin (Que) has previously demonstrated to ameliorate osteoporosis (OP), however, its poor bioavailability resulting from low water solubility, poor stability and lack of bone-targeting largely restricted its efficacy and clinical applications. Inspired by the bone-targeting capability of phosphate compounds, we reported a one-step procedure for synthesis of phosphorylated Que (p-Que) by direct phosphorylating phenol groups of Que for the first time.

Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME): Current Developments, Applications, and Future Prospects.

The human gastrointestinal microbiota plays a vital role in maintaining host health and preventing diseases, prompting the creation of simulators to replicate this intricate system. The Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME), a multicompartment dynamic simulator, has emerged as a pivotal in vitro model for studying the interactions and interferences within the human gut microbiota. The continuous and real-time monitoring hallmarks, along with the programmatically flexible setup, bestow SHIME with the ability to mimic the entire human intestinal ecosystem with high dynamics and stability, allowing the evaluation of various treatments on the bowel microbiota in a controlled environment.

Capilliposide A alleviates DSS-induced colitis by regulating the intestinal flora and its metabolites of origin.

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory disease that impacts the mucous membrane of the colon. Lately, the incidence and prevalence of UC has been increasing globally. However, there are significant side effects of existing drugs for UC intervention.

Integrating metagenomics and culturomics to uncover the soil bacterial community in cultivation.

is a medicinal plant in China, which has gained attention owing its protective effect in human health. However, there are seldom studies to systematically reveal the rhizosphere bacterial community of . In this study, we employed metagenomics and culturomics to analyze the bacterial community composition and diversity in continuous rhizosphere soil of .

Molecular acceptor engineering to precisely design a NIR type I photosensitizer for efficient PDT-based synergistic therapy.

Molecular design plays a crucial role in regulating the photophysical properties and photodynamic therapy (PDT) performance of photosensitizers (PSs); however, realizing PDT-based synergistic therapy based on sole PSs is still rarely reported. Herein, three near-infrared red type I PSs (named TP1, TP2, and TP3) were synthesized by adjusting their electron acceptors. The results demonstrated that these PSs exhibited aggregation-enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency and cyano groups on PSs can reduce ROS generation in solution while achieving efficient PDT-based synergistic therapy in cells glutathione depletion.

Effect of , and Their Combination on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes, Immunity, and Microbiota in Nile Tilapia ().

To exploit aquatic animals' feed resources and functional ingredients and additives, this experiment investigated the effects (a 2 × 2 factorial trial) and mechanism of woody plants and probiotics on Nile tilapia. Each treatment group was randomly assigned triplicate nets of 40 fish (initial body weight of 35.04 ± 0.

HiFi-Syn: Hierarchical granularity discrimination for high-fidelity synthesis of MR images with structure preservation.

Synthesizing medical images while preserving their structural information is crucial in medical research. In such scenarios, the preservation of anatomical content becomes especially important. Although recent advances have been made by incorporating instance-level information to guide translation, these methods overlook the spatial coherence of structural-level representation and the anatomical invariance of content during translation.

Performance and Reaction Mechanism of a Novel Coking Binder Obtained from Low-Grade Coal.

Under the premise of ensuring the quality of coke, reducing coking/fat coal utilization is an urgent problem in the coking industry. This study prepared an extract with softening and bonding characteristics from noncaking low-grade coal by a degradative solvent extraction method. The substitution effect of coking/fat coal by the extract for coking was studied, and the effect mechanism was analyzed in detail.

Catalytic kinetic resolution of helical polycyclic phenols via an organocatalyzed enantioselective dearomative amination reaction.

Despite the considerable potential applications for helically chiral molecules across various sectors, their catalytic asymmetric synthesis remains nascent and has seen very limited advancement compared to that of central and axial chiral compounds, primarily owing to the scarcity of available starting materials and the immense challenges associated with achieving stereochemical control. Herein, we report an innovative approach to the facile synthesis and catalytic kinetic resolution of uniquely structured and stereochemically complex helical polycyclic phenols by using a steric hindrance-regulated enantioselective dearomative amination reaction. The distinguished aspects of this method include the exceptional stability of the dearomatized products and impressive versatility of the recovered substrates in the construction of enantioenriched helical frameworks.

Antidehydration and Stable Mechanical Properties during the Phase Transition of the PNIPAM-Based Hydrogel for Body-Temperature-Monitoring Sensors.

Poly(-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) enhances the reversibility and responsiveness of wearable temperature-sensitive devices. However, an open question is whether and how the hydrogel design can prevent adhesive performance loss caused by phase-transition-induced dehydration and unstable mechanical properties between devices and human skin and reduce interfacial failure. Herein, a gelatin-mesh scaffold-based hydrogel (NAGP-Gel) is constructed to inhibit dehydration and volume change, leading to stable mechanical properties, superior adhesiveness, and thermal sensing sensitivity during the phase transition.

Taxonomic Diversity, Predicted Metabolic Pathway, and Interaction Pattern of Bacterial Community in Sea Urchin .

Bacterial assemblages associated with sea urchin are critical to their physiology and ecology within marine ecosystems. In this study, we characterized the bacterial communities in wild sea urchin captured in Daya Bay, South China Sea. A total of 363 amplicon sequence variants belonging to nine phyla and 141 genera were classified from intestine, body surface, and surrounding seawater samples.

Similarities and differences in bacterial communities between the Pearl River (Guangzhou section) and its estuary.

Background: The Pearl River and its estuary are highly exposed to anthropogenic disturbance. Because bacterial communities play an indispensable role in aquatic ecosystems, there has been an increased research focus on the statuses of these communities under human-induced perturbations.

Methods And Results: This study investigated the composition, diversity, and structure of bacterial communities across 29 sites from the Guangzhou section of the Pearl River (GZ) to the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) using 16S rRNA gene amplicons.

Biodiversity and antifouling activity of microbes associated with gorgonian corals Leptogorgia rigida and Menella kanisa from the South China Sea.

Recently, coral-associated microorganisms have attracted widespread attention, and most of these studies have focused on stony and soft corals. However, our knowledge of the diversity and bioactivity of microorganisms in gorgonian corals is still limited. In this study, the biodiversity of microbes in two gorgonian corals (Leptogorgia rigida and Menella kanisa) from the South China Sea was investigated by combining traditional culture method with molecular biology technique (bacterial 16S or fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA gene sequences).

An Integrated Strategy for Establishing the Chemical Profile of Premna Microphylla Turcz. Leaves and Metabolites in Vivo.

Background: Premna microphylla Turcz. (PMT) is a traditional food and medicinal plant, which has been used to treat cure hemostasis, rheumatism, and dysentery. However, there is still a lack of a clear understanding of the chemical profile of PMT and its metabolites in vivo.

CQformer: Learning Dynamics Across Slices in Medical Image Segmentation.

Prevalent studies on deep learning-based 3D medical image segmentation capture the continuous variation across 2D slices mainly via convolution, Transformer, inter-slice interaction, and time series models. In this work, via modeling this variation by an ordinary differential equation (ODE), we propose a cross instance query-guided Transformer architecture (CQformer) that leverages features from preceding slices to improve the segmentation performance of subsequent slices. Its key components include a cross-attention mechanism in an ODE formulation, which bridges the features of contiguous 2D slices of the 3D volumetric data.