Sex differences in the prevalence and clinical correlates of autistic features in patients with chronic schizophrenia: a large scale cross-sectional study.

Objective: Sex differences have been suggested in both schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study aims to assess the prevalence and clinical correlates of autistic features in male and female patients with chronic SCZ.

Methods: A total of 1690 chronic SCZ patients (M/F: 1122/568) were recruited from ten psychiatric hospitals in China.

Interactions Between Depressive Symptoms, Childhood Trauma, and Drug Craving in Chinese Men with Methamphetamine Use Disorder: A Network Analysis.

Drug craving in methamphetamine use disorder (MAUD) patients is influenced by various adverse psychological problems. This study adopted network analysis to investigate the interrelationships between psychological correlates and drug craving and identify the critical pathways between them. A total of 757 men with MAUD were recruited from a drug rehabilitation center in southwest China.

Gender differences in clinical correlates of glucose disturbance in patients with first-episode and drug-naïve major depressive disorder.

Gender differences in glucose metabolism disorders in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have been rarely studied. In this study we investigated gender differences in the prevalence of glucose metabolism disorders and associated factors in first-episode and drug naïve (FEDN) MDD patients in a Chinese Han population. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 1718 FEDN MDD outpatients were recruited, and demographic and clinical data were collected.

Differences in the Prevalence and Clinical Correlates Between Early-Onset and Late-Onset Major Depressive Disorder Patients with Comorbid Abnormal Lipid Metabolism.

Background And Objectives: Growing evidence suggested that abnormal lipid metabolism (ALM) was associated with an increased severity of depressive symptoms, but no previous studies have examined the differences in comorbid ALM in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients of different ages of onset. We aim to compare the differences in the prevalence and clinical correlates of ALM between early-onset and late-onset patients with first-episode and drug-naive (FEDN) MDD patients.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we recruited a total of 1718 FEDN MDD outpatients in this study.

Selective crystallization of pyrazinamide polymorphs in supramolecular gels: Synergistic selectivity by mimetic gelator and solvent.

A mimetic gelator designed to incorporate the chemical structure of pyrazinamide (PZA), a highly polymorphic drug, has been synthesized. Metastable Forms β and δ of PZA were obtained from supramolecular gel phase crystallization in nitrobenzene and DMSO, respectively, using a bis(urea) gelator designed to mimic the structure of PZA. This is the only known way to access the pure Form β at room temperature.

Lead (Pb) load interacts with oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster through MTF-1/Nrf2/JNK mediated metallothionein expression.

Lead (Pb) is one of the most severe and hazardous forms of heavy metal pollution, exerting its cytotoxicity primarily by inducing oxidative stress. The existing research focused on the effects of Pb on the redox balance of various organisms. However, the comprehension of the regulatory function of oxidative stress in Pb metabolism, particularly in insects, remains unknown.

Auto-generating a database on the fabrication details of perovskite solar devices.

The rapid development of perovskite solar devices has led to a rising number of publications over the past decade. As a result, a project aiming to compile all published device data was initiated in 2022. However, with its method of manual data collection, one of the project's hurdles is encouraging the participation of the perovskite community to spend time and effort in inputting new device data.

A review on recent progress in polysaccharide/protein hydrogels in winter sports: Classification, synthesis routes, and application.

In today's world, emerging materials play prominent roles in competitive sport applications. Among them, hydrogels gained increasing attention in winter sports applications owing to their unique advantages, such as flexibility, conductivity, and adhesion. However, traditional hydrogels prepared by synthetic routes from petroleum materials lose performance at freezing temperatures below zero degrees, limiting their direct use in winter sports.

Gender differences in the association between childhood trauma, clinical symptoms, and cognitive function in Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia.

Purpose: This study investigates the gender-specific associations between childhood trauma, clinical symptoms, and cognitive function in Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia.

Methods: A total of 601 patients with chronic schizophrenia were evaluated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Correlation and regression analyses were performed to explore the relationships between childhood trauma and clinical symptoms and cognitive function, considering gender differences.

Emotion regulation repertoires predict the risk of major depressive disorder.

Background: Few studies explored emotion regulation (ER) repertoires (the tendency to utilize multiple ER strategies in different contexts) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). It remains unclear to what extent ER repertoires can assess the risk of MDD and other psychiatric disorders.

Method: Three subsamples including 1397 non-clinical individuals, 135 MDD patients, and 127 healthy controls (HCs) were combined to explore ER repertoires.

Diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic bipolar disorder: prevalence, clinical correlates and relationship with homocysteine.

Comorbid diabetes mellitus in patients with bipolar disorder may contribute to increased morbidity and mortality. To determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in bipolar disorder patients and its clinico-demographic and homocysteine correlates, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 195 bipolar disorder inpatients. They received questionnaires, clinical measurements and laboratory tests to assess demographic characteristics, anthropometric variables, clinical variables and plasma homocysteine levels.

The Critical Role of Atomic-Scale Polarization in Transition Metal Oxides on Vanadium-Redox Electrochemistry.

Transition metal oxide electrocatalysts (TMOEs) are poised to revive grid-scale all-vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) due to their low-cost and unique electronic properties, while often inescapably harboring surface vacancies. The role of local vacancy-induced physicochemical properties on vanadium-redox electrochemistry (VRE), encompassing kinetics, and stability, remains profoundly unveiled. Herein, for the first time, it is revealed that vacancies induce atomic-scale polarization in TMOEs and elucidate its mechanism in VRE.

Effect of different clay additions to concrete on its ultrasonic acoustic parameters and compressive strength.

Due to various factors, the concrete may contain mud, a condition that can lead to a decrease in strength and changes in the ultrasonic acoustic parameters of the concrete. In order to study the effect of concrete mud content ([Formula: see text]) on ultrasonic acoustic parameters and compressive strength, this paper firstly derived the relationship equations between concrete mud content and acoustic parameters and compressive strength. Subsequently, the acoustic parameters and compressive strength were tested for concrete specimens with different mud contents cast on site.

Burnout and its relationship with depressive symptoms in primary school teachers under the "Double Reduction" policy in China.

Background: The "Double Reduction" policy requires schools to reduce Chinese students' extracurricular activities and homework to lessen academic stress and improve mental well-being. However, there is limited research on primary school teachers' psychological well-being within the context of the "Double Reduction" policy. This study examined self-reported burnout levels of primary school teachers and investigated the relationship between burnout and depressive symptoms in the context of the "Double Reduction" policy in China.

Sex differences in prevalence and clinical correlates of subclinical hypothyroidism in Chinese patients with first-episode untreated major depressive disorder.

Background: Previous studies showed sex differences in the prevalences of both major depressive disorder (MDD) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). This study aimed to further compare the prevalence and correlates of moderate-to-severe SCH between male and female Chinese MDD patients.

Methods: A total of 1706 first-episode drug naïve Chinese patients with MDD were recruited.

Impact of age of onset on the course of chronic schizophrenia: factors associated with first hospitalization in a large-scale cross-sectional study.

This study aims to identify the factors influencing the age of first hospitalization in patients with chronic schizophrenia, focusing on clinical features and blood parameters. A total of 1271 patients diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia were recruited from 17 psychiatric hospitals across China. Demographic and clinical data, including age of first hospitalization, were collected.

Association between fasting blood glucose and psychotic symptoms in Chinese patients with first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder.

Introduction: Psychotic depression (PD) is a highly debilitating disorder characterized by hallucinations and/or delusions accompanied by depression. A variety of neurotransmitters, hormones and corresponding receptors in the endocrine system are involved in the onset and progression of depression, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) can be an important indicator for monitoring the stability of the endocrine system. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between FBG and PD in a Chinese population with first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) major depressive disorder (MDD).

P300/RNA polymerase II mediates induction of the teleost viral RNA sensor MDA5 through the interferon regulatory factor IRF11.

Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) initiates type I interferon (IFN) production by detecting cytosolic viral RNA. Mammalian MDA5 is an IFN-inducible gene and controlled by IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1). Teleost MDA5 also induces type I IFN production in response to viruses, yet its regulation remains largely unexplored.

The role of 15 mA and 77.5 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation in blood pressure regulation: A post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 77.5 Hz and 15 mA, targeting the forehead and mastoid areas, has proven efficacious in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) by simultaneously stimulating multiple brain nuclei and regions, many of which are critical for blood pressure regulation. This post hoc analysis aimed to assess the potential blood pressure-lowering effects of 77.

Artificial Intelligence Predicts Multiclass Molecular Signatures and Subtypes Directly From Breast Cancer Histology: a Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Detection of biomarkers of breast cancer incurs additional costs and tissue burden. We propose a deep learning-based algorithm (BBMIL) to predict classical biomarkers, immunotherapy-associated gene signatures, and prognosis-associated subtypes directly from hematoxylin and eosin stained histopathology images. BBMIL showed the best performance among comparative algorithms on the prediction of classical biomarkers, immunotherapy related gene signatures, and subtypes.

Dual-Enzyme-Instructed Peptide Self-Assembly to Boost Immunogenic Cell Death by Coordinating Intracellular Calcium Overload and Chemotherapy.

The concept of immunogenic cell death (ICD) induced by chemotherapy as a potential synergistic modality for cancer immunotherapy has been widely discussed. Unfortunately, most chemotherapeutic agents failed to dictate effective ICD responses due to their defects in inducing potent ICD signaling. Here, we report a dual-enzyme-instructed peptide self-assembly platform of (CPT-GFFpY-PLGVRK-Caps) that cooperatively utilizes camptothecin (CPT) and capsaicin (Caps) to promote ICD and engage systemic adaptive immunity for tumor rejection.

A dual-drive strategy for enhanced protein crystallization with sodium alginate/hyaluronic acid film: Protein adsorption and supersaturation regulation.

Protein crystallization is essential for determining the three-dimensional structures of biomacromolecules and advancing biopharmaceutical development, yet it remains a major challenge in structural biology due to common issues like slow nucleation rates and inconsistent crystal quality. Herein, a dual-drive crystallization (DDC) strategy, relying on a composite film of sodium alginate (SA) and hyaluronic acid (HA), is reported to synergistically regulate both protein adsorption and solution supersaturation. Driven by the electrostatic interactions of SA and the water absorption properties of HA, the SA/HA film achieves enhanced crystallization efficiency and controlled crystal quality mainly.