Emerging role of microglia in inter-cellular transmission of α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, significantly prejudicing the health and quality of life of elderly patients. The main pathological characteristics of PD are the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) as well as abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) monomers and oligomers, which results in formation of Lewy bodies (LBs). Intercellular transmission of α-syn is crucial for PD progression.

Mo-doped carbon-dots nanozyme with peroxide-like activity for sensitive and selective smartphone-assisted colorimetric S ion detection and antibacterial application.

Sulfur ion (S) plays a significant and considerable role in many living organisms and ecosystems, while its abnormal content can pose a serious hazard to human health and ecological environment. Hence, it is extremely meaningful to construct a highly sensitive and selective analytical platform for S detection in complex microenvironment, particularly in biological systems. In this study, phosphomolybdic acid and L-Arg were utilized to prepare a new molybdenum doped carbon-dots nanozyme (Mo-CDs) with great peroxidase-like activity by one-step hydrothermal approach.

Prediction of Clinical Severity of COVID-19 Using a Combination of Heparin-Binding Protein, Interleukin-6, and C-Reactive Protein: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Systemic inflammation stands as a pivotal factor tightly interwoven with the progression of COVID-19. This study endeavors to elucidate the significance of three key inflammatory molecules, that is, heparin-binding protein (HBP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP), in assessing the severity and prognostic implications of COVID-19.

Methods: The demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were retrospectively collected from a cohort of 214 adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Genome-wide association study of carotenoids in maize kernel.

In this study, the contents of four carotenoids in 244 maize inbred lines were detected and about three million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for genome-wide association study to preliminarily analyze the genetic mechanism of maize kernel carotenoids. We identified 826 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were significantly associated with carotenoids contents, and two key candidate genes Zm00001d029526 (CYP18) and Zm00001d023336 (wrky91) were obtained. In addition, we found a germplasm IL78 with higher carotenoids.

Genome-wide association study of trace elements in maize kernels.

Maize (Zea mays L.), a staple food and significant economic crop, is enriched with riboflavin, micronutrients and other compounds that are beneficial for human health. As emphasis on the nutritional quality of crops increases maize research has expanded to focus on both yield and quality.

Whole-genome sequencing of a worldwide collection of sugarcane cultivars (Saccharum spp.) reveals the genetic basis of cultivar improvement.

Sugarcane is the main source of sugar worldwide, and 80% of the sucrose production comes from sugarcane. However, the genetic differentiation and basis of agronomic traits remain obscure. Here, we sequenced the whole-genome of 219 elite worldwide sugarcane cultivar accessions.

Preparation and measurement of a sandwiched Sn atomic beam source for laser resonance ionization mass spectrometry.

Isotope analysis of Sn plays a crucial role in geochemical studies and in monitoring nuclear contamination. Nevertheless, prevalent analytical techniques for examining Sn isotopes encounter the issue of isobaric interference, markedly impacting the accuracy of the test results. Laser resonance ionization mass spectrometry (LRIMS) can effectively overcome the difficulties associated with the isobaric interference inherent in commercial mass spectrometry.

Pseudorabies virus UL38 attenuates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway by recruiting Tollip to promote STING for autophagy degradation.

Natural immunity is the first defense line of the host immune system, which plays a significant role in combating foreign pathogenic microorganisms. The IFN-β (interferon-beta) signaling pathway, being a typical example of innate immunity, plays a vital function. This study aimed to elucidate the function of pseudorabies virus (PRV) UL38 protein (unique long region 38) in suppressing the activation of the IFN-β signaling pathway.

Half-life determination of the ground state decay of Tm and Tm.

Precise determination of half-lives of Tm and Tm are important for their application in nuclear medicine diagnostics, nuclear forensics, and other nuclear data measurements. We produced Tm and Tm sources using an α-particle beam bombarded Ho target and a series purification steps. A series of 173 measurements was performed over a period of 44 days using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector to track the count rate change as a function of time by following the 207.

Mammalian reovirus µ1 protein attenuates RIG-I and MDA5-mediated signaling transduction by blocking IRF3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation.

Mammalian reovirus (MRV) is a non-enveloped, gene segmented double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus. It is an important zoonotic pathogen that infects many mammals and vertebrates that act as natural hosts and causes respiratory and digestive tract diseases. Studies have reported that RIG-I and MDA5 in the innate immune cytoplasmic RNA-sensing RIG-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway can recognize dsRNA from MRV and promote antiviral type I interferon (IFN) responses.

Selective Adsorption and Recovery of Silver from Acidic Solution Using Biomass-Derived Sulfur-Doped Porous Carbon.

It is vital to recycle precious metals effectively such as silver from waste sources because of limited natural reserves. Herein, passion fruit ( ) shell-derived S-doped porous carbons (SPCs) were newly synthesized by hydrothermal carbonization and following with activation by KOH/(NH)SO, and the adsorption of Ag on SPC under acidic solutions was investigated. It was found that the activator of (NH)SO can not only introduce the doping of S elements but also increase the proportion of mesopores in the as-prepared SPC.

IFITM2 Presents Antiviral Response through Enhancing Type I IFN Signaling Pathway.

Interferon (IFN) helps cells fight viral infections by further inducing the expression of many downstream IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Human interferon-inducible transmembrane proteins (IFITM) are one of these ISGs. The antiviral function of human IFITM1, IFITM2, and IFITM3 are well known.

Electrodeposition and characterization of Sn on Re filaments for laser resonance ionization mass spectrometry.

The isotopic analysis of Sn is crucial for geochemical research and surveillance of nuclear contamination. However, commonly used methods face the challenge of isobaric interference. Laser resonance ionization mass spectrometry (LRIMS) is a promising technology for effectively eliminating the isobaric interference effect as it combines the advantages of both resonance ionization and mass spectrometry technologies.

Half-life determination of Ag.

Ag is a radionuclide that can be generated by neutron capture on Pd and whose decay properties and production feasibility make it a potential therapeutic agent against arthritis. Due to the discrepancies of recent published values of the half-life of Ag with previous published works which are not thoroughly documented for detailed experiment procedures and uncertainty budgets evaluation, an independent redetermination of the Ag half-life value is required. In this work, a solid Ag source was prepared and repeatedly measured in a high purity Germanium (HPGe) detector to determine its half-life.

HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 90.6 interacts with carbon and nitrogen metabolism components during seed development.

Carbon and nitrogen are the two main nutrients in maize (Zea mays L.) kernels, and kernel filling and metabolism determine seed formation and germination. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between kernel filling and corresponding carbon and nitrogen metabolism remain largely unknown.

Determination of the half-life of Tb.

Tb has potential applications in targeted radionuclide therapy and nuclear forensic science. However, the half-lives of Tb in previous studies show a discrepancy. In this study, Tb samples were produced by irradiating GdO with thermal neutron flux.

Night shifts in interns: Effects of daytime napping on autonomic activity and cognitive function.

Objective: Night shifts have adverse cognitive outcomes that might be attenuated by daytime napping. The neurovisceral integration model suggests that resting vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) is linked with cognitive function. This study investigated the relationship between resting vmHRV and cognitive function after different nap durations in interns after shift work.

pneumonia complicated with organizing pneumonia: A case report and literature review.

A patient with pneumonia had a fever for 2 weeks. After the initial anti-infection treatment failed, he was diagnosed with pneumonia complicated with organizing pneumonia, through next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung biopsy. He was treated with antibiotics and corticosteroids for 2 months.

HSP27 Attenuates cGAS-Mediated IFN-β Signaling through Ubiquitination of cGAS and Promotes PRV Infection.

Pseudorabies (PR) is a domestic and wild animal infectious disease caused by the pseudorabies virus (PRV) and is one of the major infectious diseases that endanger the global swine industry. Studies have reported that PRV may achieve cross-species transmission from pigs to humans in recent years. Therefore, in-depth exploration of the relationship between PRV and host proteins is of great significance for elucidating the pathogenic mechanism of PRV and anti-PRV infection.

DDX56 inhibits PRV replication through regulation of IFN-β signaling pathway by targeting cGAS.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an agent of Aujeszky's disease, and causes great economic losses to pig farming. Re-outburst of pseudorabies implies that new control measures are urgently needed. We show here that DDX56 possesses the ability to inhibit PRV replication , which may be an important factor for PRV infection.

Full-length transcriptome analysis of maize root tips reveals the molecular mechanism of cold stress during the seedling stage.

Background: As maize originated in tropical or subtropical zones, most maize germplasm is extremely sensitive to low temperatures during the seedling stage. Clarifying the molecular mechanism of cold acclimation would facilitate the breeding of cold tolerant maize varieties, which is one of the major sustainability factors for crop production. To meet this goal, we investigated two maize inbred lines with contrasting levels of cold tolerance at the seedling stage (IL85, a cold tolerant line; B73, a cold sensitive line), and performed full-length transcriptome sequencing on the root tips of seedlings before and after 24 h of cold treatment.