Mechanism Study on the Regulation of Th1/Th2 in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy by Shengyang Yiwei Decoction.

Background: Shengyang Yiwei Decoction showed efficacy in idiopathic membranous nephropathy treatment, and this study aimed to assess the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: Rats with passive Heymann nephritis were divided into the model group, the Shengyang Yiwei Decoction group, the JAK2 inhibitor group, and the STAT3 inhibitor group. Healthy rats served as the normal control.

Gastric Cancer Models Developed via GelMA 3D Bioprinting Accurately Mimic Cancer Hallmarks, Tumor Microenvironment Features, and Drug Responses.

Current in vitro models for gastric cancer research, such as 2D cell cultures and organoid systems, often fail to replicate the complex extracellular matrix (ECM) found in vivo. For the first time, this study utilizes a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel, a biomimetic ECM-like material, in 3D bioprinting to construct a physiologically relevant gastric cancer model. GelMA's tunable mechanical properties allow for the precise manipulation of cellular behavior within physiological ranges.

Ginsenoside Rk2 alleviates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by enhancing AKT membrane translocation and activation.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) poses a significant threat to clinical outcomes and graft survival during hemorrhagic shock, hepatic resection, and liver transplantation. Current pharmacological interventions for hepatic IRI are inadequate. In this study, we identified ginsenoside Rk2 (Rk2), a rare dehydroprotopanaxadiol saponin, as a promising agent against hepatic IRI through high-throughput screening.

Construction of antibiotic-free riboflavin producer in by metabolic engineering strategies with a plasmid stabilization system.

Riboflavin, an important vitamin utilized in pharmaceutical products and as a feed additive, is mainly produced by metabolically engineered bacterial fermentation. However, the reliance on antibiotics in the production process leads to increased costs and safety risks. To address these challenges, an antibiotic-free riboflavin producer was constructed using metabolic engineering approaches coupled with a novel plasmid stabilization system.

An analysis of the global burden of gallbladder and biliary tract cancer attributable to high BMI in 204 countries and territories: 1990-2021.

Background: Gallbladder and biliary tract cancers (GBTCs) are aggressive with poor prognosis, often undetected until advanced stages. High Body Mass Index (BMI) is a significant risk factor, contributing substantially to GBTC mortality and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). This study aimed to quantify the global burdens of GBTCs attributable to high BMI from 1990 to 2021, thereby developing more rational prevention and treatment strategies for GBTC.

Double-targeted liposomes coated with matrix metallopeptidase-2-responsive polypeptide nanogel for chemotherapy and enhanced immunotherapy against cervical cancer.

Immunotherapy is a cornerstone in cancer treatment, celebrated for its precision, ability to eliminate residual cancer cells, and potential to avert tumor recurrence. Nonetheless, its effectiveness is frequently undermined by the immunosuppressive milieu created by tumors. This study presents a novel nanogel-based drug delivery system, DOX-4PI@CpG@Lipo@Gel (DPCLG), engineered to respond to Matrix Metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2)-a protease abundant in the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Splicing to orchestrate cell fate.

Alternative splicing (AS) plays a critical role in gene expression by generating protein diversity from single genes. This review provides an overview of the role of AS in regulating cell fate, focusing on its involvement in processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. We explore how AS influences the cell cycle, particularly its impact on key stages like G1, S, and G2/M.

Injection of ROS-Responsive Hydrogel Loaded with IL-1β-targeted nanobody for ameliorating myocardial infarction.

The cardiac microenvironment profoundly restricts the efficacy of myocardial regeneration tactics for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). A prospective approach for MI therapeutics encompasses the combined strategy of scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) to alleviate oxidative stress injury and facilitating macrophage polarization towards the regenerative M2 phenotype. In this investigation, we fabricated a ROS-sensitive hydrogel engineered to deliver our previously engineered IL-1β-VHH for myocardial restoration.

Partial intestinal obstruction caused by duodenal obstruction by the superior mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta in a middle-aged woman: A case report.

A 55-year-old woman with non-small cell lung carcinoma complained of epigastric pain, bloating, anorexia and postprandial nausea and vomiting over a five-year period. An upper gastrointestinal pan-glucosamine contrast examination revealed a distinctive large, hook-shaped, ptotic gastric lumen with normal motility. The contrast agent demonstrated an abnormal round-trip flow anterior to the spine at the duodenal level, with pooling and gradual passage through this region in strands after prolonged retention.

Rituximab as a first-line therapy in children with new-onset idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children, commonly treated with steroids, poses challenges due to associated side effects. Rituximab, known for its efficacy in reducing relapse frequency in difficult-to-treat cases, emerges a potential first-line therapy for pediatric new-onset INS.

Method: This is a single-center, retrospective, observational study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab as a first-line therapy for pediatric INS.

Association of the Monocyte to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Neutrophil to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio With the Severity of New-Onset Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MHR) and neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) are novel comprehensive indicators reflecting the body's inflammation and lipid metabolism. Previous studies have found that MHR and NHR are associated with the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and death. However, the correlation between MHR, NHR, and the severity of newly diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been thoroughly explored.

Recent Advances in Asymmetric Wettability Dressings for Wound Exudate Management.

The management of wound exudate is of vital importance for wound healing. Exudate accumulation around wound prolongs inflammation and hinders healing. Although traditional dressings can absorb wound exudate, they are unable to drain exudate in time, often resulting in a poor feature with wound healing.

A novel pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 isolated from a sick racing pigeon in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China shows high virulence in chickens.

Pigeon paramyxovirus type-1 (PPMV-1) is the causative agent of pigeon Newcastle disease (ND), which has caused huge losses to the pigeon industry. In this study, a PPMV-1 strain, PPMV-1/QH-01/CH/23, was isolated from a sick racing pigeon in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China in 2023. The mean death time of chicken embryos and the intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) were 76.

Non-stationary Domain Generalization: Theory and Algorithm.

Although recent advances in machine learning have shown its success to learn from independent and identically distributed (IID) data, it is vulnerable to out-of-distribution (OOD) data in an open world. Domain generalization (DG) deals with such an issue and it aims to learn a model from multiple source domains that can be generalized to unseen target domains. Existing studies on DG have largely focused on stationary settings with homogeneous source domains.

Highly sensitive temperature sensors based on the fluorescence intensity ratio of dual-emissive lead-free metal halides.

Given that optical thermometers are widely used due to their unique advantages, this study aims to address critical challenges in existing technologies, such as insufficient sensitivity, limited temperature measurement ranges, and poor signal recognition capabilities. Herein, we develop a thermometer based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of Sb-doped CsNaInCl (CsNaInCl:Sb). As the temperature increases from 203 to 323 K, the thermally induced transition from triplet to singlet self-trapped excitons (STEs) leads to enhanced 455 nm photoluminescence (PL) from singlet STE recombination.

PSMA-Targeted Intracellular Self-Assembled Probe for Enhanced PET Imaging.

Positron-emission tomography (PET) offers high sensitivity for cancer diagnosis. However, small-molecule-based probes often exhibit insufficient accumulation in tumor sites, while nanoparticle-based agents typically have limited delivery efficiency. To address this challenge, this study proposes a novel PET imaging probe, Ga-CBT-PSMA, designed for prostate cancer.

A straightforward process manipulates the dramatic morphological changes of DNA rolling circle amplification products.

Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is a widely used method for the synthesis of DNA nanoparticles and macro-hydrogels. Several strategies, including oscillation-promoted entanglement of DNA chains, multi-round chain amplification, hybridization between DNA chains, and hybridization with functional moieties, were applied to synthesize DNA macro-hydrogels; alternatively, flower-like nanoparticles were also produced. Here we report a straightforward yet effective method to manipulate the morphology of RCA products from nanoparticles to 3D hydrogels using an additional cold treatment step of the circular DNA template prior to elongation using phi29 DNA polymerase.

First Report of Causing Pear Anthracnose in China.

China is a major producer of pears in the world and anthracnose is the most important disease, which may include fruit rot and early defoliation, and further brings enormous economic losses. In August of 2023, a sudden outbreak of anthracnose disease, ranging from 70% to 90% disease incidence, occurred on fruits of Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.

Prevalence of and risk factors analysis for post-intensive care syndrome among survivors of critical care during 3-month longitudinal follow-up.

Background: Patients discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU) can experience post-intensive care syndrome (PICS), which is comprised of cognitive, physical and psychological impairments.

Aim: The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of and risk factors associated with all three domains of PICS at the first and third month after ICU discharge.

Design: A prospective descriptive-analytic study was conducted in two ICUs of a Chinese university hospital.

Enhanced Charge Generation and Transport by Incorporating a Benzotriazole Unit for Low-Cost and High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells.

The photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells (OSCs) has reached the threshold for industrial applications, but the cost of most high-performance organic photovoltaic molecules is too high to meet the needs of industrialization. Herein, two low-cost thiophene--quinoxaline (TQ)-based polymers, PTQ16-10 and PTQ16-20, are designed and synthesized by incorporating a benzotriazole (BTA) unit into the PTQ10 backbone, with the consideration of expanding the chemical modifiability of PTQ10 and thus optimizing its photovoltaic properties. The incorporation of BTA induces improved light absorption, up-shifted energy levels, more orderly molecular π-π packing, enhanced molecular crystallinity, and better charge transport capacity of the two polymers.

Embracing Nature's Wisdom: Liposome-Mediated Amplification of Electrochemiluminescence for the Sensitive and Selective Immunoassay of Serum Amyloid A.

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a key biomarker for diagnosing inflammatory responses in diseases like influenza and COVID-19. An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor has been constructed for signal enhancement in SAA detection by encapsulating 4,4',4″,4‴-(1,3,6,8-pyrenetetrayl) tetrakis-benzoic acid (TBAPy) into liposomes. Such biomimetic encapsulation shields the biologically important membrane to avoid aggregation of TBAPy and prevents quenching.

Nonlocalized Conductive Paths Construction and In-depth Mechanism Analysis for the Robust Resistive Switching in Halide Perovskites.

The conductive paths (CPs) established by defects in halide perovskites (HPs) tend to be disrupted under external influences, leading to deterioration of their RRAM performances. Here we propose an effective strategy to enhance the CPs in HP RRAMs by doping Ag to partially substitute Pb in MAPbI, which facilitates the nonlocalized growth of Ag CPs and thereby improves the stability of CPs. The optimal doped device demonstrates excellent RRAM performances including high ON/OFF ratios (>10), long retention (>10 s), large endurance (>10 cycles), uniform parameters, and excellent yield.

Dual Photoredox and Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Remote C(sp)-H Alkylation of Hydroxamic Acid Derivatives with Glycine Derivatives.

Dual photoredox and copper-catalyzed remote asymmetric C(sp)-H alkylation of hydroxamic acid derivatives with glycine derivatives via a 1,5-hydrogen transfer (1,5-HAT) process has been realized. The reaction was characterized by redox-neutral and mild conditions, good yields, excellent enantioselectivity, and broad substrate scope. This protocol provides a straightforward and efficient strategy to prepare highly valuable enantioenriched noncanonical α-amino acids.

Altered spontaneous brain activity in children with deprivation amblyopia: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background: To investigate the alterations in spontaneous brain activity and the similarities and differences between monocular deprivation amblyopia and binocular deprivation amblyopia.

Methods: Twenty children with binocular deprivation amblyopia, 26 children with monocular deprivation amblyopia and 20 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The evaluation of altered spontaneous brain activity was conducted using fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF).

The clinical value of short-term insemination: a retrospective analysis of 3496 patients.

Background: The safety and effectiveness of short-term insemination remain a subject of controversy. This study aims to investigate the impact of short-term insemination on both embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes and whether it is necessary to apply short-term insemination to all patients underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 3,496 patients from two centers over the period January 2016 to December 2022.