Cascade Radical Cyclization of Propargylamines for Functionalized 3-Arylthioquinoline Formation.

A novel and efficient strategy for the direct synthesis of 3-arylthioquinoline derivatives via radical induced tandem cyclization of propargylamines with diaryl disulfides was developed. This protocol undergoes a cascade sulfuration/ cyclization/ oxidation/ aromatization pathway to afford the desired products in a broad substrate scope using readily available starting materials under mild conditions. Based on this strategy, we further modified 3-arylquinolines to obtain two novel deep blue fluorescent molecules, QLSCz and QLSTCz, with good optical properties through two-step synthesis by oxidation and electron donor modification.

Multifunctional self-healing and pH-responsive hydrogel dressing based on cationic guar gum and hyaluronic acid for on-demand drug release.

Pathogen invasion and persistent inflammatory storms caused by bacterial infections are the main challenges to the healing of infected wounds. Herein, this study proposed a pH-responsive polysaccharide hydrogel dressing (CG-HA) composed of cationic guar gum (CG) and hyaluronic acid (HA). Additionally, Zn and ferulic acid (FA)/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexes (FA/β-CD) were co-introduced into the CG-HA hydrogel to form the desired FA/β-CD@CG-HA-Zn hydrogel.

C4d immunostaining facilitates differentiation of pemphigoid nodularis from prurigo nodularis.

Pemphigoid nodularis and prurigo nodularis have similar clinicopathological features and are difficult to distinguish. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and direct/indirect immunofluorescence can support the diagnosis of pemphigoid nodularis, but sometimes show contradictory results or are unavailable. We aimed to develop a practical method for differentiating between pemphigoid nodularis and prurigo nodularis.

Reductive sulfinylation by nucleophilic chain isomerization of sulfonylpyridinium.

Sulfur-containing units are fundamental components widely found in bioactive compounds, prompting notable efforts toward developing synthetic methodologies for incorporating sulfur functionality into organic precursors. The synthesis of sulfinate esters and sulfinamides has garnered significant interest owing to their immense potential for applications, especially in drug development. However, most existing synthetic protocols suffer from some limitations.

Near-infrared light-enhanced polydopamine-based multifunctional nanoparticles for combination of chemodynamic and NO gas therapy in the treatment of osteosarcoma.

The emergence of treatment approaches that integrate conventional phototherapy with additional adjuvant treatments has garnered considerable interest. In this study, we proposed a complex utilizing Fe and polydopamine as a carrier, co-loaded with the nitric oxide initiator L-arginine (L-Arg) and the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG), as a potential strategy for the "photothermal/photodynamic/Chemodynamic/nitric oxide gas therapy" of osteosarcoma. Nanoparticles have the ability to undergo degradation within the mildly acidic conditions present in the tumor microenvironment.

An improved invagination pancreaticojejunostomy technique associated with a lower incidence of pancreatic fistula: A single-center study.

Purpose: This study compared the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) between standard invagination pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) and an improved PJ technique after pancreaticoduodenectomy and evaluated the clinical utility of the improved PJ procedure.

Methods: Clinical and postoperative data of 363 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from February 2018 to October 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. In our cohort, 155 patients underwent the improved PJ technique (group A), and 208 underwent standard invagination PJ (group B).

Dynamic location model for designated COVID-19 hospitals in China.

In order to effectively cope with the situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, cases should be concentrated in designated medical institutions with full capability to deal with patients infected by this virus. We studied the location of such hospitals dividing the patients into two categories: ordinary and severe. Genetic algorithms were constructed to achieve a three-phase dynamic approach for the location of hospitals designated to receive and treat COVID-19 cases based on the goal of minimizing the cost of construction and operation isolation wards as well as the transportation costs involved.

Preparation and performance control of ultra-low near-infrared reflectivity coatings with super-hydrophobic and outstanding mechanical properties.

The development of ultra-low near-infrared reflectivity coatings with outstanding engineering properties remains a challenge in laser stealth materials research. Herein, we reported a laser stealth coating with outstanding mechanical properties, super-hydrophobicity, and an ultra-low near-infrared reflectivity for 1.06 μm wavelength.

Hsp90α promotes chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer by regulating Keap1-Nrf2 axis and inhibiting ferroptosis.

Chemoresistance is the primary reason for poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). Recent studies have indicated that ferroptosis may improve chemoresistance, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, significant upregulation of heat shock protein 90α (Hsp90α) expression is detected in the peripheral blood and tissue samples of patients with chemoresistant PC.

Alterations in genes involved in glycolysis and hypoxia affect the prognosis of pancreatic cancer.

Purpose: To construct a prognostic model for pancreatic cancer based on glycolytic and hypoxic metabolic subtypes. To analyze the biological characteristics of these subtypes and explore potential therapeutic options.

Methods: We obtained mRNA, simple nucleotide variation (SNP), and clinical data for pancreatic cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Mechanistic insights into rumen function promotion through yeast culture () metabolites using and models.

Introduction: Yeast culture (YC) enhances ruminant performance, but its functional mechanism remains unclear because of the complex composition of YC and the uncertain substances affecting rumen fermentation. The objective of this study was to determine the composition of effective metabolites in YC by exploring its effects on rumen fermentation , growth and slaughter performance, serum index, rumen fermentation parameters, rumen microorganisms, and metabolites in lambs.

Methods: In Trial 1, various YCs were successfully produced, providing raw materials for identifying effective metabolites.

Pyridinium-Based Fluorosulfonamide Reagents Enabled Photoredox-Catalyzed Radical Fluorosulfonamidation.

Sulfamoyl fluorides, as a crucial building block of SuFEx, have garnered extensive research interest due to their unique properties. However, the direct radical fluorosulfonamidation process for the synthesis of sulfamoyl fluorides has been overlooked. We herein disclosed a practical procedure for constructing a redox-active fluorosulfonamide radical reagent named fluorosulfonyl--pyridinium tetrafluoroborate (PNSF) from SOF.

Electrochemical deoxygenative amination of stabilized alkyl radicals from activated alcohols.

Alkylamine structures represent one of the most functional and widely used in organic synthesis and drug design. However, the general methods for the functionalization of the shielded and deshielded alkyl radicals remain elusive. Here, we report a general deoxygenative amination protocol using alcohol-derived carbazates and nitrobenzene under electrochemical conditions.

Modular assembly of arenes, ethylene and heteroarenes for the synthesis of 1,2-arylheteroaryl ethanes.

The 1,2-arylheteroaryl ethane motif stands as a privileged scaffold with promising implications in drug discovery. Conventional de novo syntheses of these molecules have relied heavily on pre-functionalized synthons, entailing harsh conditions and multi-step processes. Here, to address these limitations, we present a modular approach for the direct synthesis of 1,2-arylheteroaryl ethanes using feedstock chemicals, including ethylene, arenes and heteroarenes.

Dietary 5-hydroxytryptophan improves sheep growth performance by enhancing ruminal functions, antioxidant capacity, and tryptophan metabolism: and studies.

Background: Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) can regulate the synthesis of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and melatonin (MT). In a previous metabolome analysis, we found that 5-HTP is an effective ingredient in yeast culture for regulating rumen fermentation. However, research on the effect of this microbial product (5-HTP) as a functional feed additive in sheep production is still not well explained.

Uncertainty-Boosted Robust Video Activity Anticipation.

Video activity anticipation aims to predict what will happen in the future, embracing a broad application prospect ranging from robot vision and autonomous driving. Despite the recent progress, the data uncertainty issue, reflected as the content evolution process and dynamic correlation in event labels, has been somehow ignored. This reduces the model generalization ability and deep understanding on video content, leading to serious error accumulation and degraded performance.

Mechanistic insights into inositol-mediated rumen function promotion and metabolic alteration using and models.

Inositol is a bioactive factor that is widely found in nature; however, there are few studies on its use in ruminant nutrition. This study investigated the effects of different inositol doses and fermentation times on rumen fermentation and microbial diversity, as well as the levels of rumen and blood metabolites in sheep. Rumen fermentation parameters, microbial diversity, and metabolites after different inositol doses were determined .

Membranal Expression of Calreticulin Induced by Unfolded Protein Response in Melanocytes: A Mechanism Underlying Oxidative Stress-Induced Autoimmunity in Vitiligo.

Calreticulin (CRT), a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule, is reported to translocate from the endoplasmic reticulum to the membrane in melanocytes under oxidative stress. To investigate the potential role of CRT in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, we analyzed the correlation between CRT and ROS in serum and lesions of vitiligo, detected CRT and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) expression in vitiligo lesions, and studied the production of CRT and mediators of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway and then tested the chemotactic migration of CD8 T cells or CD11c CD86 cells. Initially, we verified the overexpression of CRT in perilesional epidermis that was positively correlated with the disease severity of vitiligo.

TRPM2-dependent autophagy inhibition exacerbates oxidative stress-induced CXCL16 secretion by keratinocytes in vitiligo.

Vitiligo is a depigmented skin disease due to the destruction of melanocytes. Under oxidative stress, keratinocyte-derived chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 16 (CXCL16) plays a critical role in recruiting CD8 T cells, which kill melanocytes. Autophagy serves as a protective cell survival mechanism and impairment of autophagy has been linked to increased secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines.

Photoredox-catalyzed stereo- and regioselective vicinal fluorosulfonyl-borylation of unsaturated hydrocarbons.

There has been considerable research on sulfur(vi) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) chemistry, which is considered to be a next-generation click reaction, and relies on the unique balance between reactivity and stability inherent in high valent organosulfur. The synthetic versatility of the bifunctional handles containing the fluorosulfonyl group presents great synthetic value and opportunity for drug discovery. However, the direct photoredox-catalyzed fluorosulfonyl-borylation process remains unexplored and challenging due to its system incompatibility and limited synthetic strategies.

Advanced Glycation End Products-Induced Activation of Keratinocytes: A Mechanism Underlying Cutaneous Immune Response in Psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease, in which epidermal keratinocytes play a vital role in its pathogenesis by acting both as the responder and as the accelerator to the cutaneous psoriatic immune response. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a class of proinflammatory metabolites that are commonly accumulating in cardiometabolic disorders. Recent studies have also observed the increased level of AGEs in the serum and skin of psoriasis patients, but the role of AGEs in psoriatic inflammation has not been well investigated.

Modular and Practical 1,2-Aryl(Alkenyl) Heteroatom Functionalization of Alkenes through Iron/Photoredox Dual Catalysis.

Efficient methods for synthesizing 1,2-aryl(alkenyl) heteroatomic cores, encompassing heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and halogens, are of significant importance in medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical research. In this study, we present a mild, versatile and practical photoredox/iron dual catalytic system that enables access to highly privileged 1,2-aryl(alkenyl) heteroatomic pharmacophores with exceptional efficiency and site selectivity. Our approach exhibits an extensive scope, allowing for the direct utilization of a wide range of commodity or commercially available (hetero)arenes as well as activated and unactivated alkenes with diverse functional groups, drug scaffolds, and natural product motifs as substrates.