Accelerated discovery of high-performance Al-Si-Mg-Sc casting alloys by integrating active learning with high-throughput CALPHAD calculations.

Scandium is the best alloying element to improve the mechanical properties of industrial Al-Si-Mg casting alloys. Most literature reports devote to exploring/designing optimal Sc additions in different commercial Al-Si-Mg casting alloys with well-defined compositions. However, no attempt to optimize the contents of Si, Mg, and Sc has been made due to the great challenge of simultaneous screening in high-dimensional composition space with limited experimental data.

Computer Alloy Design of Ti Modified Al-Si-Mg-Sr Casting Alloys for Achieving Simultaneous Enhancement in Strength and Ductility.

In this paper, an efficient design of a Ti-modified Al-Si-Mg-Sr casting alloy with simultaneously enhanced strength and ductility was achieved by integrating computational thermodynamics, machine learning, and key experiments within the Bayesian optimization framework. Firstly, a self-consistent Al-Si-Mg-Sr-Ti quinary thermodynamic database was established by the calculation of phase diagram method and verified by key experiments. Based on the established thermodynamic database, a high-throughput Scheil-Gulliver solidification simulation of the A356-0.

Optimal combined approaches of field intervention for schistosomiasis control in China.

Before the mid 1980s, the emphasis in schistosomiasis control in China was on transmission control. Thus, the aim was to eliminate the intermediate host snail by environmental management, combined with chemotherapy, water supply and sanitation, and hygiene improvement. During the last 20 years, however, control approaches mainly consisting of large-scale praziquantel-based chemotherapy and health education started to be advocated and also increasingly applied.

Persistence of the protective immunity to Schistosoma japonicum in Chinese yellow cattle induced by recombinant 26kDa glutathione-S-transferase (reSjc26GST).

To observe the long lasting effect of the recombinant Sj26GST sub-unit vaccine against Schistosoma japonicum in cattle, animals aged from 5 to 12 months were vaccinated with reSjc26GST, and were challenged by natural infection 6 months or 12 months after vaccination. Worm burdens per cattle and egg burden in tissue (per gram) of cattle with or without vaccination were compared. The results showed that anti-reSjc26GST antibodies were produced in vaccinated cattle.

[Impact of a reservoir project on schistosomiasis transmission in lake region].

Objective: To determine the impact of a project of building dike for storing water on schistosomiasis transmission in Junshan Lake.

Methods: Junshan Lake in Jinxian County of Jiangxi Province was selected as survey pilot. Data on snail distribution and historical prevalence of schistosomiasis before building dike were collected.

The potential risk and control strategy in low endemic area of schistosomiasis in China.

Objective: to describe and analyze the potential risk and suggest the corresponding control strategy in low endemic of schistosomiasis in China.

Methods: referring the 'national criteria of control and elimination of schistosomiasis' and the 'national criteria of classification of endemic area for chemotherapy'; collecting the data of the re-infection of schistosomiasis in lake region and residual snails in mountain areas and evolution of endemic situation in 'snail ridden areas without schistosomiasis'; analyzing the potential risk in different types of low endemic area and suggesting the control strategies according to the analysis results and historical experiment.

Results: the re-infection rate of schistosomiasis in residents is usually higher in high, medium and low endemic areas in the lake region, once chemotherapy is stopped, the infection rate may rise again to the initial level 2 years later and bovine chemotherapy and snail control in susceptible zone will be selected as the optimal strategies for controlling the endemic situation; the potential risk in mountain areas is the enlargement of snail habitats due to residual snail's reproduction and the control strategy will be to strengthen the surveillance and elimination of residual snails; inputting the infective sources of schistosomiasis is the potential risk in 'snail ridden area without schistosomiasis' and the main control strategy should be put the regular monitoring on the infection sources from hyper-endemic areas and treat the infected domestic animals in time.