Regional versus general anesthesia in older patients for hip fracture surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The optimal anesthesia technique for older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery remains controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of updated randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess whether regional anesthesia was superior to general anesthesia in hip fracture surgery.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from January 2000 until April 2022.

COVID-19-Related Knowledge and Practices of Cancer Patients and Their Anxiety and Depression During the Early Surge Phase of the Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Online Survey.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related knowledge and practices of cancer patients and to assess their anxiety- and depression-related to COVID-19 during the early surge phase of the pandemic.

Methods: An online questionnaire survey of cancer patients was conducted from February 10-29, 2020. Knowledge and practices related to COVID-19 were assessed using a custom-made questionnaire.

The research for the function evaluation of facial nerve and the mechanisms of rehabilitation training.

Background: Peripheral facial paralysis (PFP) is a common peripheral neural disease. Acupuncture treatment combined with PFP rehabilitation exercises is a routine method of PFP treatment. This article is to provide a new visual and objective evaluation method for exploring the mechanism and efficacy of acupuncture treatment on PFP, and develop an interactive augmented facial nerve function rehabilitation training system with multiple training models.

Comparison of Kinematic Alignment and Mechanical Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials.

The aim of this study was to estimate whether kinematic alignment (KA) improves knee function or clinical outcomes compared with mechanical alignment (MA) in the short term after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We searched the literature for randomized controlled trials published before January 2020 from PubMed, EMBASE, Google, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and other databases. The observation markers included "The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index," "Knee Society Score (KSS)," "Oxford Knee Score (OKS)," "combined Knee Society Score (KSS)," "Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)," "European Quality of Life Measure-5 Domain-5-Level (EQ-5D-5L)," range of motion (ROM), lower limb alignment, ligament release, and complications.

The effect of oral versus intravenous tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss after primary total hip arthroplasty: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the administration of multiple boluses of oral and intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) postoperatively was equivalent in reducing blood loss in primary THA.

Methods: A total of 108 patients were randomized into two groups: oral TXA group (54 patients receiving 1 dose of 20 mg/kg intravenous TXA 5-10 min before skin incision and 3 doses of 2 g oral TXA 4 h, 10 h and 16 h postoperatively) and intravenous TXA group (54 patients receiving 1 dose of 20 mg/kg intravenous TXA 5-10 min before skin incision and 3 doses of 1 g intravenous TXA 6 h, 12 h and 18 h postoperatively). The primary outcomes were total blood loss, hidden blood loss, length of hospital stay, hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Hct) drop.

Two doses of low-dose perioperative dexamethasone improve the clinical outcome after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled study.

To study the clinical effect and safety of two doses of low-dose perioperative dexamethasone on pain and recovery after total knee arthroplasty. Methods A total of 108 patients were included in this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. They received two doses of 10 mg IV dexamethasone (group Dexa) or IV isotonic saline (group Placebo).

Leptin receptor of the hind brain nuclei is involved in the conditioned taste preference of rats.

Objective: Conditioned taste preference (CTP) is a taste learning reflex by which an animal learns to prefer a substance which tastes not well and has been studied with much interest in recent years. However, the neural substrates of CTP are less known. This study aimed to determine the possible neural path- ways of CTP and whether serum leptin level and the leptin receptor (OB-Rb) in the hind brain are involved following CTP formation.

Organocatalytic regioselective asymmetric Michael addition of azlactones to o-hydroxy chalcone derivatives.

The regioselective and enantioselective Michael addition between azlactones and o-hydroxy chalcone derivatives is reported. Enantiomerically enriched N,O-aminals with two continuous stereogenic centers are exclusively obtained in moderate to good yields with excellent diastereoselectivities and good to excellent enantioselectivities. The experimental results show that an o-hydroxy group on the cinnamenyl motif of chalcone derivatives plays a crucial role at the reaction sites for the regioselective Michael addition.

Enantioselective construction of functionalized thiopyrano-indole annulated heterocycles via a formal thio [3 + 3]-cyclization.

A formal thio [3 + 3]-cyclization catalyzed by a DPEN-derived chiral thiourea has been reported for the construction of optically active thiopyrano-indole annulated heterocyclic compounds in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities. The high reactivity between indoline-2-thione (keto-S) and 2-benzylidenemalononitrile has also been supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Organocatalytic diversity-oriented asymmetric synthesis of tricyclic chroman derivatives.

The tandem oxo-Michael-IED/HDA and oxo-Michael-IED/HDA-Michael-Aldol condensation transformations between (E)-2-hydroxyaryl-2-oxobut-3-enoate derivatives with enals have been developed in the presence of (S)-diphenylprolinol trimethylsilyl ether as an organocatalyst. Two types of tricyclic chroman derivatives were, respectively, obtained, by adjusting the reactant ratio and reaction temperature, in good yields (up to 96%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99%) and good diastereoselectivities (up to >30/1). It should be noted that the divergent chiral chroman derivatives were obtained by successive reaction of (E)-2-hydroxyaryl-2-oxobut-3-enoate derivatives with two different enal substrates in highly catalytic results.

Highly enantioselective phosphination and hydrophosphonylation of azomethine imines: using chiral squaramide as a hydrogen bonding organocatalyst.

Enantioselective phosphination and hydrophosphonylation reactions between azomethine imines and diarylphosphine oxides or dialkyl phosphites were respectively developed by the use of a chiral squaramide as the hydrogen bonding organocatalyst, which afforded two types of phosphorus containing product in high yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities.

Enantioselective construction of multifunctionalized spirocyclohexaneoxindoles through organocatalytic Michael-Aldol cyclization of isatin derived alkenes with linear dialdehydes.

Optically active spirocyclohexaneoxindole motifs are very important building blocks for preparations of biologically active complexes, natural products, and pharmaceutical compounds. Herein, we report the syntheses of enantiopure spirocyclohexaneoxindoles through domino Michael-Aldol reactions between isatin derived alkenes and pentane-1,5-dial in the presence of diphenylprolinol silyl ether as an aminocatalyst. As a result, a series of multistereogenic and functionalized spirocyclohexaneoxindoles have been obtained in good yields with moderate diastereoselectivities and excellent enantioselectivities.

Research advances in treatment of cerebral ischemic injury by acupuncture of conception and governor vessels to promote nerve regeneration.

Cerebral ischemia is one of the most common diseases treated by acupuncture therapeutics. Recent studies indicated that acupuncture treatment by needling the conception and governor vessels had positive effects in promoting neural regeneration in patients after cerebral ischemia injury. Acupuncture intervention could continuously promote the proliferation and differentiation of the neural stem cells in the brain, obviously up-regulate expression of growth factors, accelerate angiogenesis and inhibit apoptosis.

Efficient synthesis of optically active 4-nitro-cyclohexanones via bifunctional thiourea-base catalyzed double-Michael addition of nitromethane to dienones.

Thiourea-modified cinchona alkaloids as bifunctional catalysts and a base could catalyze a stepwise [5+1] cyclization of divinyl ketones with nitromethane via double Michael additions, furnishing optically active 4-nitro-cyclohexanones with good yields, excellent diastereoselectivities (>20 : 1) and high enantiomeric ratios (up to 97 : 3).

[Phase transition analysis of ancient bronze mirror surface tin amalgam in heating].

Taking advantage of theta-theta scanning (vertical goniometer) sealed and ceramic X-ray tube full-automatic diffractometer, which can be heated and detected at the same time when the temperature is between normal temperature and 1200 degrees C, and X-ray fluorescence, and combining surface feature with character, high tin bronze mirror which had been daubed "tin amalgam" was detected and analyzed. It can prove that phase with Hg will disappear gradually when the sample is heated to the temperature higher than the boiling point of Hg; It indicates that bronze surface cannot be as a proof of "tin amalgam" used whether it contains Hg, moreover, it is not necessary that bronze mirror is covered with "tin amalgam" in terms of application.