Application of biomass carbon dots in food packaging.

Since its discovery, carbon quantum dots (CDs) have been widely applied in cell imaging, drug delivery, biosensing, and photocatalysis due to their excellent water solubility, chemical stability, fluorescence stability biocompatibility, low toxicity, and preparation cost. However, the low fluorescence yield and poor surface structure limit the application of CDs. Heteroatom doping is considered an ideal method to improve CDs' optical and electrical properties.

A novel liquid-liquid phase separation-related gene signature for predicting prognosis in colon cancer.

Background: An increasing body of evidence indicates that dysregulation of liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in cellular processes is implicated in the development of diverse tumors. Nevertheless, the association between LLPS and the prognosis, as well as the tumor immune microenvironment, in individuals with colon cancer remains poorly understood.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the LLPS cluster in 1010 colon cancer samples from the TCGA and GEO databases, utilizing the expression profiles of LLPS-related prognostic differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Identification and Molecular Marker Detection of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in Wheat Lines from China: Development of an Efficient Software for Gene Postulation.

Wheat leaf rust, caused by Erikss. (), is one of the most devastating diseases in common wheat ( L.) globally.

Clinical application of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) utilizing bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in Thoracic Surgery ICU patients with suspected pulmonary infections.

Aims: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) in identifying pathogens from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in thoracic surgery ICU patients, offering additional diagnostic methods for clinical practice.

Methods And Results: We collected clinical data from patients with suspected pulmonary infections in the thoracic surgery ICU of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University. A total of 50 patients were enrolled in this study.

Engraftment of self-renewing endometrial epithelial organoids promotes endometrial regeneration by differentiating into functional glands in rats.

Introduction: Extensive trauma frequently disrupts endometrial regeneration by diminishing endometrial stem cells/progenitor cells, affecting female fertility. While bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation has been suggested as an approach to address endometrial injury, it comes with certain limitations. Recent advancements in endometrial epithelial organoids (EEOs) have displayed encouraging potential for endometrial regeneration.

SIRT6 deficiency impairs the deacetylation and ubiquitination of UHRF1 to strengthen glycolysis and lactate secretion in bladder cancer.

Background: Aberrant interplay between epigenetic reprogramming and metabolic rewiring events contributes to bladder cancer progression and metastasis. How the deacetylase Sirtuin-6 (SIRT6) regulates glycolysis and lactate secretion in bladder cancer remains poorly defined. We thus aimed to study the biological functions of SIRT6 in bladder cancer.

Functional Characterization of Plant Peptide-Containing Sulfated Tyrosine (PSY) Family in Wheat ( L.).

The plant peptide-containing sulfated tyrosine (PSY) family plays critical roles in plant cell proliferation and stress responses. However, the functional characterization of the PSY peptide family in wheat remains unclear. This study systematically identified a total of 29 genes at the genome-wide level, classifying them into six subgroups based on PSY-like motifs.

The Mechanism Underlying the Increase in Bread Hardness in Association with Alterations in Protein and Starch Characteristics During Room-Temperature Storage.

Hardness constitutes one of the primary performance indices of bread. However, there is scarce literature regarding the study of the mechanisms of increased hardness in different breads. In this paper, the hardness and retrogradation rates of five popular brands of bread (DaliGarden, Mankattan, MianLunSi, TOLY, and ZhengMao) in China during storage at room temperature were determined, and the mechanism of increased hardness was revealed by the results in terms of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), disulfide bonds, C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

A rare genetic variant in APEX1 is associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with slow progression.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle weakness. We aimed to identify the pathogenic genetic variants in familial ALS (fALS) pedigrees and to elucidate their impact on the disease phenotype. Through the analysis of whole-genome sequencing data of 34 fALS probands that screened negative for mutations in the most common ALS-causing genes, we identified a rare missense variant in APEX1 (NM_001641.

regulates in spikes of three wheat spike mutants.

Tillering and spike differentiation are key agronomic traits for wheat ( L.) production. Numerous studies have shown that miR396 and growth-regulating factor genes () are involved in growth and development of different plant organs.

Dextran-based nanodrugs with mitochondrial targeting/glutathione depleting synergy for enhanced photodynamic therapy.

The efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for malignant tumors is significantly impeded by the short diffusion distance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ROS-consuming glutathione (GSH) overexpressed in tumor cells. Therefore, enhanced PDT can be achieved by the construction of biomacromolecule-based nanodrugs that can specifically target ROS-sensitive mitochondria and deplete intracellular GSH. Herein, we synthesized the dextran-based nano-assemblies by a Graft copolymerization Induced Self-Assembly (GISA) method, in which methyl acrylate and diallyl disulfide (DADS) were copolymerized from a mixed dextran/amino dextran backbone in an aqueous medium.

Elucidating the role of CYFIP2 in conferring cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Cisplatin (CDDP) serves as a vital component in the chemotherapeutic approach to treat esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, prolonged CDDP application frequently culminates in resistance, compromising therapeutic outcomes. Through genome-wide CRISPR library screening, our study elucidates the mechanisms underlying this resistance, pinpointing CYFIP2 as a pivotal mediator.

Miconazole-splitomicin combined β-glucan hydrogel for effective prevention of Candida albicans periprosthetic joint infection.

As one of the most common and serious infections caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans), periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) increasingly concerns surgeons and scientists. Generally, biofilms shield C.

A scientific research training programme for teaching biomedical students to identify the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes.

Worldwide prevalence of multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria is rapidly increasing, and the education of undergraduates and graduates about antibiotic resistance and its associated horizontal gene transfer is critical in the general effort to confront the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this study, a deeper understanding of antibiotic resistance and horizontal gene transfer was achieved by biomedical undergraduate students through a scientific research programme. The enthusiasm of students to participate in the training programme was very high, and results revealed that each student could identify the antibiotic resistance integrative and conjugative element from the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia MER1 genome.

Evaluation of deep remission with through-the-scope catheter-based EUS during double-balloon enteroscopy in small-bowel Crohn's disease.

Background And Aims: Evaluation of deep remission in Crohn's disease (CD) can be challenging when the disease is confined to the small intestine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of through-the-scope EUS during double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE-EUS) in distinguishing small-bowel CD patients in endoscopic remission from those with active disease.

Methods: Patients who underwent DBE-EUS were divided into groups of endoscopic remission and endoscopic activity according to segmental Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD).

Stress granules and organelles: Coordinating cellular responses in health and disease.

Membrane-bound organelles and membraneless organelles (MLOs) coordinate various biological processes within eukaryotic cells. Among these, stress granules (SGs) are significant cytoplasmic MLOs that form in response to cellular stress, exhibiting liquid-like properties alongside stable substructures. SGs interact with diverse organelles, thereby influencing cellular pathways that are critical in both health and disease contexts.

Biomarkers of lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is among the most aggressive malignancies, ranking as the seventh most prevalent malignant tumor worldwide. Lymph node metastasis (LNM) indicates localized spread of cancer and often correlates with a poorer prognosis, emphasizing the necessity for neoadjuvant systemic therapy before surgery. However, accurate identification of LNM in EC presents challenges due to the lack of satisfactory diagnostic techniques.

Regulatory effects of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-myosin light chain kinase pathway on the intestinal epithelial mechanical barrier and the mechanism of modified Pulsatilla decoction in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of the protective effect of modified Pulsatilla decoction (, MPD) on the mechanical barrier of the ulcerative colitis (UC) intestinal epithelium and .

Methods: We established an intestinal epithelial crypt cell line-6 cell barrier injury model by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The model was then treated with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-myosin light chain kinase (p38MAPK-MLCK) pathway inhibitors, p38MAPK-MLCK pathway silencing genes (si-p38MAPK, si-NF-κB, and si-MLCK), and MPD respectively.

Mast cells: a double-edged sword in inflammation and fibrosis.

As one of the key components of the immune system, mast cells are well known for their role in allergic reactions. However, they are also involved in inflammatory and fibrotic processes. Mast cells participate in all the stages of acute inflammatory responses, playing an immunomodulatory role in both innate and adaptive immunity.

Huaiqihuang (HQH) protects podocytes from high glucose-induced apoptosis and inflammation response by regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the common microvascular complications of diabetes, and there are still lack of effective treatments. Huaiqihuang (HQH) is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine mixed preparation, which is mainly made of Trametes robiniophila Murr, Fructus Lycii, and Polygonatum sibiricumhas. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of DKD, but the specific mechanism has not been fully elucidated.