CCR5 mediates rheumatoid arthritis progression by promoting the activation and proliferation of non-classical Th1 cells.

Aim: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent autoimmune disease characterized by immune dysegulation, including an immune imbalance due to abnormal activation of non-classical Th1 cells (CD161 Th1). This study investigated the effects of CCR5 on the activation and proliferation of CD161 Th1 and their pathogenicity in patients with RA.

Methods: The study was conducted on 53 patients with RA and 32 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC).

Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding stone formation and recurrence among urolithiasis patients: a cross-sectional study.

This study investigated the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) concerning stone formation and recurrence among patients with urolithiasis treated at Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital between August 19, 2023, and April 19, 2024. A total of 394 patients were included, among which 70.30% were males.

Molecular characteristics and expression pattern of the FAR1 gene during spike sprouting in quinoa.

FAR-RED IMPAIRED RESPONSE 1 (FAR1) is a class of transposase-derived transcription factors that play a very important role in the initiation of the photosensitive pigment A (phyA) signaling pathway. Despite their importance, the understanding of the function of FAR1 genes in quinoa is still limited, especially regarding how they affect the spike sprouting response. Quinoa has gained global attention in recent years for its health benefits and potential for sustainable agriculture.

Detection of C-shaped mandibular second molars on panoramic radiographs using deep convolutional neural networks.

Objectives: The C-shaped mandibular second molars (MSMs) may pose an endodontic challenge. The aim of this study was to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based deep learning system for the diagnosis of C-shaped MSMs on panoramic radiographs.

Materials And Methods: Panoramic radiographs and cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images were collected from a hospital in China and subsequently divided into two groups.

An uncertain future: perspectives of emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disease-a qualitative semistructured interview study in eastern China.

Objective: For emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disease, future uncertainty is a critical issue during this pivotal stage of life, study and career development, as they encounter many unknown challenges and opportunities. However, to the best of our knowledge, only a few qualitative studies on how emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disease cope with these uncertainties exist. This study aimed to investigate uncertainties associated with the future of emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disease and explore coping strategies.

In Situ Generated LiS-LiN Dual Component Protective Layers Enable High Stability for High-Temperature Li Metal Batteries.

Li metal has been considered as a promising anode for next-generation high-energy-density Li metal batteries. However, the uncontrollable Li dendrite growth, infinite volume change, and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer cause serious safety issues and poor cycling performances, inhibiting its practical application. Herein, N-doped CoS needle-like nanoarrays are decorated on carbon cloth.

Discovery of Acylated Glycine and Alanine by Integrating Chemical Derivatization-Based LC-MS/MS and Knowledge-Driven Prediction.

Acylated amino acids (acyl-AAs), which consist of an amino acid head and an organic acid tail, play vital roles in various biological processes. Glycine (Gly) is the most common substrate for acylation with the organic acid tails exhibiting considerable diversity. Alanine (Ala) also exists in multiple acylated forms, predominantly modified by long-chain fatty acids.

Small but mighty: targeted antifungal liposomes of a smaller size are superior in treating cryptococcal meningitis.

Unlabelled: Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CME) is deadly. CME is responsible for 19% of deaths in AIDS patients, and its global mortality is greater than 60%. The recommended CME therapy requires amphotericin B (AmB), a fungicidal drug targeting fungal ergosterol.

Modulating Room-Temperature Phosphorescence of Phenothiazine Dioxide via External Heavy Atoms.

Developing pure organic materials with ultralong lifetimes and balanced quantum efficiency is attractive but challenging. In this study, we propose a novel strategy to investigate external heavy atoms by linking molecular emitters with halogen through a flexible alkyl chain. X-ray crystal analysis clearly reveal the halogen C-X-π interactions, which can be tuned by halogen donors, as well as the distance and geometry between them.

Retinal and Choroidal Thickness Changes in Populations with Helicobacter pylori Infection by Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography.

Around half of the world's population is infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which is closely related to several ocular diseases. The study aims to evaluate the retinal and choroidal thickness changes in subjects with H.

D-mannose reduces oxidative stress, inhibits inflammation, and increases treg cell proportions in mice with ulcerative colitis.

Background: Regulatory T (Treg) cells is required to dampen immune responses against intestinal microbiota, which aid in a healthy body to promise that the resident gut microbiota should not attract the attention of the immune system. Inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be induced if the immune system fails to ignore the resident gut microbiota and targets them instead. D-mannose, a common monosaccharide in nature, has been shown to ameliorate multiple autoimmune diseases.

Comprehensive analysis of transcriptomics and radiomics revealed the potential of TEDC2 as a diagnostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a widely occurring cancer with a high death rate. Radiomics, as a high-throughput method, has a wide range of applications in different aspects of the management of multiple cancers. However, the molecular mechanism of LUAD by combining transcriptomics and radiomics in order to probe LUAD remains unclear.

Everolimus treatment in patients with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer and a predictive model for its efficacy: a multicenter real-world study.

Background: Everolimus is beneficial for patients with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC). However, some patients developed drug resistance and the well-established predictor for everolimus efficacy was limited.

Objectives: The study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of everolimus in different treatment lines and identify several clinicopathological markers to estimate everolimus efficacy in patients with HR+/HER2- ABC.

Metal-Phthalocyanine-Based Two-Dimensional Conjugated Metal-Organic Frameworks for Electrochemical Glycerol Oxidation Reaction.

Electrochemical glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) is a promising candidate to couple with cathodic reaction, like hydrogen evolution reaction, to produce high-value product with less energy consumption. Two dimensional conjugated metal-organic frameworks (2D c-MOFs), comprising square-planar metal-coordination motifs (e.g.

EP300-interacting inhibitor of differentiation 3 is required for spermatogenesis in mice.

Background: Mammalian spermatogenesis is a highly complex process of cell proliferation, meiosis, and differentiation. A series of genes are expressed in an orderly and precise manner to ensure spermatogenesis, with chromatin undergoing intricate changes throughout. EP300-interacting inhibitor of differentiation 3 (Eid3) is a testis-enriched gene, but its role in male reproduction remains unclear.

Causal association between vitamin D and gestational diabetes mellitus: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous articles on the relationship between vitamin D and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were inconsistent. Their relationship has been observed primarily through observational studies, and the causality of this association has not been established.

Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) research was conducted to test the causal association between vitamin D and GDM, utilizing publically available statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Impact of Antibiotic on Efficacy and Adverse Reactions of Chemoimmunotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of antibiotic exposure on efficacy and adverse reactions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving chemoimmunotherapy, and to explore any specific associations on the basis of antibiotic class.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on NSCLC patients who received chemoimmunotherapy in two Shandong hospitals between January 2018 and October 2023. The association between antibiotic exposure and progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) and incidence of immune related adverse reactions (irAE) of patients were evaluated.

Analysis of how melatonin-upregulated clock genes PER2 and CRY2 alleviate rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease.

Melatonin (Mel) serves as the central regulator for maintaining circadian rhythms and plays a crucial role not only in controlling the rhythmic clock, but also in several functional domains such as immunomodulation and anti-inflammation. In this study, we explored the clinical relevance of Mel and rheumatoid arthritis comorbid with interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD), and its potential therapeutic effects on arthropathy and pulmonary fibrosis (PF) in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The results demonstrated that low serum levels of Mel were correlated with disease activity and severity of PF in RA-ILD patients.

Salinity mediates the damage caused by acute and chronic ammonia stress in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).

Ammonia is a critical pollutant in aquatic environments, posing significant risks to aquaculture by accumulating in culture systems due to fish excretion and organic matter decomposition. This study investigated the effects of ammonia toxicity on juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) under varying salinity conditions (0 and 5 psu), focusing on physiological responses and gut microbiota changes. Results indicated that ammonia exposure led to increased mortality, oxidative stress, liver damage, and significant shifts in gut microbial communities, especially under freshwater conditions.