Molecular mechanisms by which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastic and PET leachate promote the growth of benthic cyanobacteria.

Toxic blooms of benthic cyanobacteria greatly threaten freshwater ecological health and drinking water safety. Meanwhile, microplastic pollution is becoming increasingly severe and microplastics accumulate in large quantities at the bottom of lakes and rivers, widely coexisting with algae. However, impacts of microplastics on benthic cyanobacteria are still unknown.

Exploring the molecular tapestry of secondary metabolites: chemical structures, activities, and biosynthesis.

mushrooms are esteemed as a rare and highly valuable resource for both culinary and medicinal purposes. Ancient medical classics have documented their beneficial effects on conditions such as indigestion, loss of appetite, and neurological disorders. Modern phytochemical research into their secondary metabolites has led to the discovery of numerous bioactive compounds with significant biological activities.

Unraveling the enhanced oxidative desulfurization activity: Synergistically boosting the formation of reactive oxygen species and active centers.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) activation is a pivotal factor influencing the oxidative desulfurization efficiency. Carbon quantum dots (C-dots) material can be facilely functionalized through chemical modifications, thus effectively activating HO for oxidative reactions. Herein, a kind of hybrid materials C-dots-modified polyoxometalate poly(ionic liquid) supported on silica dioxide (C-PIL-POM-SiO) were successfully synthesized via a facile self-assembly method.

New Insights into the Reductive Destruction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Hydrated Electron-Based Systems.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) make up a class of highly toxic and persistent chemicals that have been widely detected in different environmental matrices. Recently, various hydrated electron-based techniques have been developed to destroy these compounds. However, the molecular mechanisms controlled by different hydrated electron photosensitizers are still unclear.

Three new species of (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from southern China.

Three new species of are discovered from southern China. is characterized by its small basidiomata, greenish-green pileus, slender stipe, narrow, and close lamellae. is characterized by its pubescent pileus when young, yellowish white to pale yellow lamellae that are lighter towards the margin, narrowly cylindrical to lageniform pleurocystidia, and absent cheilocystidia.

Targeted Sodium Acetate Liposomes for Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells: An Oral Dual-Targeted Therapeutic Approach for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Alleviation.

Sodium acetate (NaA) has demonstrated potential in improving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by targeting hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. However, its clinical application is hindered by low oral bioavailability and insufficient liver concentrations. Liposomes, with their capacity to encapsulate water-soluble drugs and be surface-modified, offer a promising solution for targeted oral drug delivery.

Comparative Analysis of Egg Yolk Phospholipid Unsaturation and Its Impact on Neural Health in Alzheimer Disease Mice.

The mechanism of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (PC) in alleviating Alzheimer's disease (AD) has not yet been clear. The fatty acid composition of PC, especially the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), may be a critical determinant of their structural and functional roles. This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of the unsaturation levels of egg yolk PC and their impact on neurological health in a murine model of AD.

Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis of the anthocyanin regulatory networks in Lagerstroemia indica petals.

Background: Lagerstroemia indica is an ornamental plant with high economic and ecological values. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of L. indica petal color variation remains unclear.

Bibliometric analysis of cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury.

Background: Cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) significantly reduces quality of life and imposes a heavy burden on society. A detailed examination of research trends of cognitive dysfunction following TBI has not yet been conducted. This study aimed to examine the bibliometric analysis of cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury over the past 20 years.

Cross-Domain Diffusion with Progressive Alignment for Efficient Adaptive Retrieval.

Unsupervised efficient domain adaptive retrieval aims to transfer knowledge from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain, while maintaining low storage cost and high retrieval efficiency. However, existing methods typically fail to address potential noise in the target domain, and directly align high-level features across domains, thus resulting in suboptimal retrieval performance. To address these challenges, we propose a novel Cross-Domain Diffusion with Progressive Alignment method (COUPLE).

Cyanide Antidote inspired Ecofriendly Preparation of Sodium-rich, High-crystallinity Prussian Blue Cathode Materials from a Single-iron Source Method.

Sodium-rich Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) are promising cathode candidates for sodium-ion batteries, offering high crystallinity, excellent electrochemical performance, and low cost. However, traditional hydrothermal synthesis often necessitates acid treatment, which presents a safety risk due to the potential release of toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Inspired by sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) as a known cyanide antidote, we developed a novel synthesis method that mitigates the risks of HCN leakage, yields high-crystallinity products with minimal defects while promoting the formation of sodium-rich PBAs in a reducing atmosphere.

In Vitro and In Silico Antidiabetic Efficacy of Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal Fruit Extract.

Exploring the possibility of familiar dietary sources as additional diabetes treatments is crucial, especially considering the financial difficulties related to diabetes mellitus. Using both in vitro and in silico techniques, this work aims to assess the antidiabetic benefits of extract from Solanum lasiocarpum Dunal. The evaluations encompass the ability to scavenge DPPH radicals, inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, inhibition of DPP-4, cytotoxicity, and glucose absorption kinetics.

NONO interacts with nuclear PKM2 and directs histone H3 phosphorylation to promote triple-negative breast cancer metastasis.

Background: Emerging evidence has revealed that PKM2 has oncogenic functions independent of its canonical pyruvate kinase activity, serving as a protein kinase that regulates gene expression. However, the mechanism by which PKM2, as a histone kinase, regulates the transcription of genes involved in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) metastasis remains poorly understood.

Methods: We integrated cellular analysis, including cell viability, proliferation, colony formation, and migration assays; biochemical assays, including protein interaction studies and ChIP; clinical sample analysis; RNA-Seq and CUT&Tag data; and xenograft or mammary-specific gene knockout mouse models, to investigate the epigenetic modulation of TNBC metastasis via NONO-dependent interactions with nuclear PKM2.

Endogenous storage proteins influence Rice flavor: Insights from protein-flavor correlations and predictive modeling.

This study investigated the correlation between endogenous storage proteins and aromatic compounds in rice, and their collective influence on rice eating quality. Six rice samples, varying in four endogenous storage proteins through gene editing genetically modified, were analyzed for their sensory characteristics and volatile compounds utilizing GC-E-nose, GC-MS, GC-MS-O, texture analyzer, and sensory evaluation. The results indicated that a total of 55 flavor compounds were identified, with 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline identified as the key aroma compound, positively correlated with prolamin content, while negatively correlated with glutelin and albumin.

Neuroprotective effect of glycosides in MPTP-Induced Parkinson's disease mouse model involves Nrf2 activation.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) a progressive neurodegenerative disorder is attributed to dopaminergic neuronal cell loss in the mid-brain substantia nigra pars compacta. A major risk factors associated with PD development is presence of excess oxidative stress. Previously, glycosides derived from were reported to play a key role in counteracting PD; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be determined.

Insights into the effects of phenolic acids on rice starch properties via noncovalent interactions.

The development of advanced starch-based materials is hindered by limited understanding of structure-dependent phenolic acid (PA) binding mechanisms. This study employed a multi-technique approach (Fourier-transform infrared, x-ray diffraction, rheology, molecular docking) to investigate 16 PAs with varying hydroxylation patterns and methoxy substitutions. Three distinct binding modes were identified: (1) Polyhydroxylated acids (e.

How perceived risk of recurrence strengthens health management awareness in stroke patients: the chain mediating role of risk fear and health literacy.

Background: Prior research has found that perceived risk in stroke patients motivates health behaviors in visitors. However, the role that perceived risk of recurrence in stroke patients plays in reinforcing health management awareness during the motivation phase is unclear.

Objective: This study explores this issue by examining the effects of risk fear and health literacy on health management awareness due to perceived risk of recurrence in stroke patients.

Assessment of Syphilitic Optic Neuropathy: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical features of syphilis optic neuropathy (SON) and explore its underlying pathogenesis by measuring the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL).

Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. Syphilitics, regardless of ocular complaints, in the ophthalmology department in 2020 were screened for SON, which was defined as isolated optic neuropathy without overt signs of syphilitic uveitis.

The neuroprotective power of artificial liver therapy: reversing cognitive impairment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

Alteration of functional connectivity in brain regions is one of the potential neuropathological mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Artificial liver therapy has been shown to improve cognitive impairment in patients, suggesting a potential neuroprotective effect on the brain. This study investigates the impact of artificial liver therapy (AL) on cognitive impairment in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) by examining alterations in brain functional connectivity.

The appearance of bitter taste receptors - inspiration from structure, expression, function, and mechanism.

Bitter taste receptors belong to the class A of the GPCR superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors. Bitter taste receptors have different numbers and structures in different species, and an analysis of their structures facilitates the discovery and development of their agonists and inhibitors. In addition, bitter taste receptors differ in expression between species and tissues, which corresponds to the diversity and specificity of their mechanisms of action.

The analgesic effect of total saponins of Tribulus terrestris on neuropathic pain was studied based on TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Neuropathic pain (NP) consists of a range of unpleasant sensations attributed to a lesion or a disease of the somatosensory nervous system. It is important to note that the sensations initiated by NP are debilitating and adversely affect quality of life; however, the underlying mechanisms involved in the occurrence and development of this type of pain remain to be determined. Previously data demonstrated that inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway diminished the adverse consequences attributed to NP.

Prevalence and associated factors with oral frailty in middle-aged and older hospitalized patients: a cross-sectional study.

Background: With the development of the economy and society, people pay more and more attention to oral health. Oral frailty can limit nutritional intake and make an individual physically weak, which is detrimental to people's health. Therefore, it is urgent to identify oral frailty and their associated risk factors.

Integrated Profiling Delineated KIF18A as a Significant Biomarker Associated with Both Prognostic Outcomes and Immune Response in Pancreatic Cancer.

Purpose: Kinesin family member 18A (KIF18A) is a member of the kinesin-8 family of motor proteins, involved in the progression and metastasis of various tumors. However, its role in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) remains unclear.

Methods: To evaluate that role, RNA sequencing datasets, complemented by pertinent clinical metadata, were procured from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repositories.

Association of environmental metallic and metalloid contaminants with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Aim: The aim was to examine the relationship between exposure to environmental metallic and metalloid pollutants and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality by integrating the information currently available from systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Method: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for systematic reviews and meta-analyses were thoroughly searched up to October 9, 2024. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of various kinds that evaluated the relationship between exposure to ambient metallic and metalloid pollutants and CVD and all-cause mortality were included.

Multiomics analysis provides insights into musk secretion in muskrat and musk deer.

Background: Musk, secreted by the musk gland of adult male musk-secreting mammals, holds significant pharmaceutical and cosmetic potential. However, understanding the molecular mechanisms of musk secretion remains limited, largely due to the lack of comprehensive multiomics analyses and available platforms for relevant species, such as muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus Linnaeus) and Chinese forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii Flerov).

Results: We generated chromosome-level genome assemblies for the 2 species of muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus Linnaeus) and musk deer (Moschus berezovskii Flerov), along with 168 transcriptomes from various muskrat tissues.