Influence of highland barley β-glucan on textural, structural, and rheological characteristics of corn starch.

Non-starch polysaccharides are added to grains as dietary fiber to enhance their processing characteristics. This study investigates the influence of highland barley β-glucan (HBBG) on the gelatinization, texture, rheological, structural, and retrogradation characteristics of corn starch (CS). The pasting analysis revealed that the trough, peak, and final viscosities of the CS gel were markedly decreased after HBBG addition.

Stapokibart (CM310) in patients with uncontrolled seasonal allergic rhinitis (PHECDA): Rationale and design of a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is a global health issue, and the current standard of care (SoC) has limited effectiveness in controlling the disease. There is a need for innovative treatments to better manage uncontrolled SAR and advance beyond the uniform SoC, and biologics targeting type 2 inflammation driving allergic rhinitis is promising.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Stapokibart, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha, as an add-on therapy in patients with uncontrolled SAR.

Efficacy and safety of azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate nasal spray in treating allergic rhinitis: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: MP-AzeFlu (Dymista; Meda Pharma GmbH & Co., KG), a formulation combining azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate in a single spray, is superior to fluticasone propionate alone in relieving symptoms and improving the quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis.

Objectives: In this study, we evaluated whether the effect of AzeFlu, a generic drug manufactured from China, is equivalent to that of MP-AzeFlu.

Chinese Position Paper on Biologic Therapy for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.

Emerging biologics that selectively target key cytokines present a promising therapeutic alternative for patients suffering from severe, uncontrollable chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Despite the limited availability of registered biologics for CRSwNP treatment in China, the country is experiencing rapid development in this field. It is imperative to standardize the application of biologic agents in CRSwNP management in preparation for their future integration into the CRSwNP care pathway.

Efficacy and safety of twice per year depemokimab in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ANCHOR-1 and ANCHOR-2): phase 3, randomised, double-blind, parallel trials.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) symptoms are frequently driven by type 2 inflammation. Depemokimab is the first ultra-long-acting biological drug engineered with enhanced interleukin-5 binding affinity, high potency, and an extended half-life, enabling twice per year dosing and sustained type 2 inflammation inhibition. The ANCHOR-1 and ANCHOR-2 trials investigated the efficacy and safety of depemokimab in people with CRSwNP.

The molecular mechanism of gspD gene in regulating the biological characteristics, pathogenicity and virulence gene expression of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae.

The pathogenic bacterium Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (PDD) has the capacity to infect various mariculture fish species. The Type II secretion system is a component of PDD, facilitating the secretion of extracellular products.

New insights into the endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis in the biologic era.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) exhibits significant heterogeneity and has been generally classified as type 1 (T1), T2, and T3 endotypes according to the histopathologic and inflammatory features of the nasal mucosa. T2 inflammation has been regarded as the predominant endotype of CRS linked to disease severity and refractory conditions. The development of biological agents that specifically target key molecules involved in T2 inflammation offers a highly effective and promising therapeutic approach for CRS.

Efficacy and Safety of Biologics for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: A Meta-Analysis of Real-World Evidence.

Dupilumab, omalizumab, mepolizumab, and benralizumab have demonstrated good efficacy and safety in the treatment of severe uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in phase 3 randomised controlled trials (RCTs). With recent regulatory approvals, there has been a surge in real-world studies (RWSs). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarise the efficacy and safety of these four biologics in real-world settings.

Efficacy and safety of GR1802 in uncontrolled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: Placebo-controlled phase 2 trial.

Background: Anti-IL-4 receptor subunit alpha (IL-4Rα) treatments can effectively treat eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP). However, their impact on the overall population of patients with uncontrolled CRSwNP remains unclear.

Objectives: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of GR1802, a novel anti-IL-4Rα monoclonal antibody, in patients with uncontrolled CRSwNP.

Biological therapy in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a heterogeneous disease. High proportions of patients with CRSwNP characterized by type 2 inflammation fail to gain adequate control with conventional treatment. The application of biologics in clinics and assessments of novel biologics in clinical trials are blooming in expectations to fulfill the unmet medical needs of patients with CRSwNP with type 2 inflammation.

GZMK-expressing CD8 T cells promote recurrent airway inflammatory diseases.

Inflammatory diseases are often chronic and recurrent, and current treatments do not typically remove underlying disease drivers. T cells participate in a wide range of inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, Crohn's disease, oesophagitis and multiple sclerosis, and clonally expanded antigen-specific T cells may contribute to disease chronicity and recurrence, in part by forming persistent pathogenic memory. Chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma are inflammatory airway diseases that often present as comorbidities.

Macrophages overexpressing interleukin-10 target and prevent atherosclerosis: Regression of plaque formation and reduction in necrotic core.

Atherosclerosis, a slowly progressing inflammatory disease, is characterized by the presence of monocyte-derived macrophages. Interventions targeting the inflammatory characteristics of atherosclerosis hold promising potential. Although interleukin (IL)-10 is widely acknowledged for its anti-inflammatory effects, systemic administration of IL-10 has limitations due to its short half-life and significant systemic side effects.

Predicting the effectiveness of omalizumab in patients with refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps comorbid with asthma based on inflammatory biomarkers.

Background: The treatment of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) with omalizumab has been well studied based on clinical evaluation. Nevertheless, ideal quantitative or qualitative biomarkers for predicting a different response to biologics urgently need to be explored. We aim to identify potential biomarkers for predicting a good or poor response in patients with refractory CRSwNP.

Total immunoglobulin E levels in induced sputum reflect asthma control status.

Background: Most patients with severe asthma are sensitized to at least one allergen. Whether local immunoglobulin E (IgE) in induced sputum reflects asthma control status has not been investigated.

Methods: Patients with asthma were classified as well controlled, partly controlled, and uncontrolled asthma (UCA) according to Global Initiative for Asthma 2022 guidelines.

A Randomized Comparison of Bencycloquidium Bromide, Mometasone Furoate, and a Combination for Persistent Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: Moderate to severe persistent allergic rhinitis (AR) poses a substantial socioeconomic burden.

Objectives: We aimed to establish the superiority of bencycloquidium bromide (BCQB) nasal spray and BCQB combined with mometasone furoate nasal spray (MFNS) over MFNS alone in adults with moderate to severe persistent AR.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial (NCT05038202), adults with moderate to severe persistent AR were randomly assigned to receive BCQB, MFNS, or a combination treatment for 4-week periods.

TRIM23 promotes 5-Fluorouracil resistance in colorectal cancer by upregulating GALNT4 expression.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most common chemotherapeutic agents for colorectal cancer (CRC), but its application is often limited by resistance. Tripartite motif containing 23 (TRIM23) has been reported to be dysregulated in various tumors and involved in tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance. However, its relationship with CRC 5-FU resistance and the underlying mechanism are still unclear.

Risk and protective factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in allergic rhinitis patients: a national survey in China.

Background: Several epidemiological studies have shown that allergic rhinitis (AR) patients are more susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Objective: We aim to investigate the risk factors for COVID-19 in AR patients.

Methods: A retrospective nationwide cohort study was conducted based on a questionnaire survey in China.

M2 macrophage derived HMOX1 defines chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Molecular signatures of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) related to macrophages remain unclear. This study aimed to develop a macrophage-associated diagnostic signature for CRSwNP.

Methods: Transcriptome data from 54 patients with CRSwNP and 37 healthy controls across GSE136825, GSE36830, and GSE72713 were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two groups.

Integrated lipidomics and microbiomics reveal the quality changes of fresh yak tenderloin during storage.

The changes in lipid and microbial during beef storage exert a substantial impact on the overall quality of beef. In this study, lipidomics and microbiomics were used to evaluate the effects of chilled storage (at 4 °C, CS) and superchilled storage (at -2 °C, SS) on the quality of yak tenderloin. The data revealed that TG, PS, PI, PE, and Car are the key factors contributing to the generation of undesirable odor during the storage of tenderloin.

Cost-utility and clinical outcome analysis of surgery or oral corticosteroids treatment in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Surgery and oral corticosteroids are recommended therapies for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients who are nonresponsive to intranasal corticosteroid treatment.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of these 2 treatments in terms of improving sinus-related symptoms, enhancing quality of life, and economic costs and duration costs.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled CRSwNP patients.