Asthma exacerbation comorbidity index (AECI): Predicting in-hospital adverse outcomes.

Background: Despite optimal treatment, asthma exacerbations (AEs) can lead to severe adverse events, including mortality. Effective management of comorbidities is critical, as they are common in asthma patients and significantly impact quality of life, healthcare use, and treatment outcomes. Currently, no comprehensive clinical tool exists for assessing and managing these comorbidities during AE.

Transcriptomic and network analysis identifies shared pathways across Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are often accompanied, but there are no effective differential diagnosis and treatment for VaD. The search for common pathogenic targets or pathways connecting the two diseases is helpful to the drug development and treatment of the disease. In this study, we used gene expression array data from the GEO database to analyze common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the temporal cortex of patients with AD and VaD.

Assessments of lung nodules by an artificial intelligence chatbot using longitudinal CT images.

Large language models have shown efficacy across multiple medical tasks. However, their value in the assessment of longitudinal follow-up computed tomography (CT) images of patients with lung nodules is unclear. In this study, we evaluate the ability of the latest generative pre-trained transformer (GPT)-4o model to assess changes in malignancy probability, size, and features of lung nodules on longitudinal CT scans from 647 patients (547 from two local centers and 100 from a public dataset).

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochloride pesticides (OCPs) in sediment from the Beibu Gulf, China: Occurrence, spatial-temporal distribution, source, historical variation and ecological risks.

This study comprehensively analyzed 11 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 16 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in 87 surface sediment samples collected across two seasons and in a sediment core from the Beibu Gulf, China. Overall, only a limited number and low concentrations of PCBs and OCPs were detected. In surface sediments, ΣPCBs concentrations were higher in summer (mean: 0.

An quality evaluation method based on three-dimensional integration and machine learning: Advanced data processing.

This study presents an innovative approach for the quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by integrating three-dimensional (3D) data processing with machine learning, aimed at enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of HPLC-DAD data analysis. Through 3D data integration, multi-dimensional signals from the time and wavelength domains are transformed into two-dimensional data, simplifying the analytical process while ensuring precise quantification of component contents. Building on this foundation, dynamic time warping (DTW) and correlation optimized warping (COW) algorithms were applied to effectively resolve retention time drift across different sample batches, achieving both global and local alignment of chromatographic peak shapes.

Prospective cohort study of Suture-Line recurrence and clinical outcomes in stage 1A Non-Small cell lung cancer.

Background: Increased lung cancer screening has made early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) more common, with lung-sparing surgery as the standard curative treatment. Our study evaluated patients who underwent surgery for pathologic stage 0/1A NSCLC and presented with suture-line recurrences-either isolated or with additional findings-and compared these patients to other types of recurrence.

Methods: We analyzed 653 patients with pathologic stage 0/1A NSCLC from the IELCART cohort (2016-2023).

Genetic architecture of tic disorders: A systematic review of 125 observational studies.

Background: To summarize and evaluate recent advances in the genetics of tic disorders (TDs) and to understand the possible pathogenic mechanisms behind this disorder.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and four Chinese databases were searched from inception to September 2022. Observational original studies that explored genetic or chromosomal variations associated with the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, or prognosis of TDs were included.

Calcium phytate cross-linked polysaccharide hydrogels for selective removal of U(VI) from tailings wastewater.

Efficient uranium capture from rare earth tailings wastewater holds great importance for human health and sustainable development. Herein, we present a simple and eco-friendly approach to form a single network hydrogel through electrostatic interaction between chitosan and sodium alginate. Subsequently, calcium phytate is introduced as a natural crosslinking agent to generate a secondary cross-linked network, leading to a composite hydrogel (CS-SA/PCa) with a doubly enhanced network structure for efficient adsorption of uranium from wastewater.

Reapplication of glyphosate mitigate fitness costs for soil bacterial communities.

Glyphosate (GLP) is a globally ubiquitous herbicide that poses a threat to living organisms due to its widespread presence in soil ecosystems. However, the results of current research regarding the effects of glyphosate on soil microorganisms and its ecological risks are vague and inconsistent. In this study, we investigated the impact of single (low/high-dose) and reapplication (high-dose) of glyphosate applications on soil microbes through indoor incubation experiments using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology.

Divergent responses of abundant and rare bacterial communities to environmental variables in highly urbanized coastal regions: N-NO mediates the community assembly and co-occurrence networks.

Understanding how rare and abundant bacterial taxa respond to environmental shifts is essential for predicting microbial community dynamics in highly urbanized estuarine ecosystems, where anthropogenic disturbances and nutrient fluctuations significantly reshape ecological processes. Here, we investigated the responses of rare and abundant bacterial communities to the environments in densely urbanized coastal areas (i.e.

Flower like ZnO hybrid mediated visible light harvesting film with upgraded photodynamic antibacterial capacity for effective food preservation.

Active food packaging film with light-driven antibacterial properties has inspired numerous interests for food preservation, while efficiently retains the photocatalytic ability remains highly challenging. This study pioneered an advanced visible light-driven photodynamic antibacterial packaging film (FZ-PC) employing an organic-inorganic hybrid strategy, meticulously engineering flower-like zinc oxide functional fillers (FZnO) with superior photoactivity and subsequently formulating a polyvinyl alcohol/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (PC) mixed film matrix to enhance its physical and chemical properties. The boosting photodynamic activity of the FZnO results from the molecular-level optimization through citral modification.

pH-dependent transport of tetracycline in saturated porous media: Single and combined effects of surfactants and iron oxide colloids.

Herein, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and rhamnolipid (Rha) were employed to investigate their influences on TC mobility and ferrihydrite colloid-mediated transport of TC at variable pH values (5.0-9.0).

An Alloy Engineering Strategy toward Helical Microstructures of Achiral π-Conjugated Molecules for Circularly Polarized Luminescence.

Helical assembly has been demonstrated to efficiently facilitate the circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) performances, but the synthesis of micro- and nanohelices from rigid achiral π-conjugated compounds remains challenging due to the absence of bilayer structures or complementary hydrogen-bonding interactions. Here, we develop an alloying strategy for the realization of helical microstructures from achiral anthracene/anthracene derivatives with -/-axis modification or anthracene/tetracene derivatives with -/-axis modification via solution coassembly. Interestingly, two anthracene derivatives bearing asymmetric phenyl/phenylethynyl groups and symmetric phenylethynyl groups can assemble into spiral microribbons with a fractal branching pattern.

Deletion of Xist repeat B disrupts cell cycle and asymmetric cell division through Usp9x hyperactivation in mice.

During X chromosome inactivation (XCI), Xist RNA establishes silencing by coating the chromosome in cis and binding diverse proteins to promote formation of a heterochromatic domain. However, Xist repeat B role beyond initiation of XCI remains unclear. Here, we find that loss of Xist repeat B in female mice allows survival and leads to a small body size persisting throughout life.

Antibody-positive paraneoplastic neurological syndromes associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.

Background And Objectives: This study aimed to describe the clinical and prognostic characteristics of antibody-positive paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of relevant publications in PubMed and Embase from inception to December 2023. Patients with positive anti-neuronal antibodies who had a definite, probable, or possible diagnosis of PNS based on the 2021 PNS-Care Score criteria were included.

Ordering of Interstitial Iron Atoms and Local Structural Distortion Induced by Iron Polycomplex in FeTeSe as Seen via Transmission Electron Microscopy.

The microscopic crystalline structure of materials is widely recognized as having a profound impact on their functional properties and application potential. Alterations to the lattice often provide distinctive opportunities to finely tune specific properties, particularly in strongly correlated systems. A paradigmatic case is the iron-based high-temperature superconductors, where the microstructure plays an important role in modulating superconductivity.

Matrix Viscoelasticity Orchestrates Osteogenesis via Mechanotransduction Mediated Metabolic Switch in Macrophages.

Understanding the interplay between extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanics and macrophage cellular processes is crucial for bone regeneration. While ECM stiffness has been extensively studied, the role of ECM viscoelasticity (e.g.

Wheat Source-Sink Metabolic Network Dynamics during Grain Filling under Drought-Heat Combined Stress.

Abiotic stresses such as drought (DS), heat (HS), and drought-heat combined stress (HD) frequently occur during wheat grain filling, significantly impacting yield and quality. This study investigated the response of a widely cultivated high-quality, strong-gluten wheat variety (Xinong 979) to DS, HS, and HD at the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels during grain filling. Results indicated that abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation ability and proline accumulation were significantly enhanced under HD, with significant reductions in photosynthetic capacity, grain dimensions, and thousand kernel weight (TKW).

Decreased Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Correlates with Higher Portal Hypertension And Poor Survival in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Binary-center Study.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the impact of hepatic venous portal gradient (HVPG) on BC values and the prognostic value of BC value in cirrhotic patients.

Methods: A total of 173 cirrhotic patients with HVPG and Computed Tomography scan were screened retrospectively from a binary-center database. Seven BC values, including skeletal muscle index (SMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI), deep SATI (dSATI), superficial SATI (sSATI), visceral adipose tissue index (VATI), and ratio of VATI and SATI (VSR) along with skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMRD), were analyzed.

Chinese Position Paper on Biologic Therapy for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.

Emerging biologics that selectively target key cytokines present a promising therapeutic alternative for patients suffering from severe, uncontrollable chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Despite the limited availability of registered biologics for CRSwNP treatment in China, the country is experiencing rapid development in this field. It is imperative to standardize the application of biologic agents in CRSwNP management in preparation for their future integration into the CRSwNP care pathway.

Dimeric natural product panepocyclinol A inhibits STAT3 di-covalent modification.

Homo- or heterodimeric compounds that affect dimeric protein function through interaction between monomeric moieties and protein subunits can serve as valuable sources of potent and selective drug candidates. Here, we screened an in-house dimeric natural product collection, and panepocyclinol A (PecA) emerged as a selective and potent STAT3 inhibitor with profound anti-tumor efficacy. Through cross-linking C712/C718 residues in separate STAT3 monomers with two distinct Michael receptors, PecA inhibits STAT3 DNA binding affinity and transcription activity.

-Methyladenosine modification of circDcbld2 in Kupffer cells promotes hepatic fibrosis targeting miR-144-3p/ axis.

Kupffer cells (KCs), as residents and sentinels of the liver, are involved in the formation of hepatic fibrosis (HF). However, the biological functions of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in KCs to HF have not been determined. In this study, the expression levels of circRNAs, microRNAs, and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in KCs from a mouse model of HF mice were investigated using microarray and circRNA-Seq analyses.

Unlocking the role of wound microbiome in diabetic, burn, and germ-free wound repair treated by natural and synthetic scaffolds.

In current clinical practice, various dermal templates and skin substitutes are used to enhance wound healing. However, the role of wound commensal microbiome in regulating scaffold performance and the healing process remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the influence of both natural and synthetic scaffolds on the wound commensal microbiome and wound repair in three distinct models including diabetic wounds, burn injuries, and germ-free (GF) wounds.

RGS2 is an innate immune checkpoint for suppressing Gαq-mediated IFNγ generation and lung injury.

Interferon gamma (IFNγ), a type II interferon, augments tissue inflammation following infections, leading to lethal acute lung injury (ALI), yet the mechanisms controlling IFNγ generation in the lungs remain elusive. Here, we identified regulator of G protein signaling 2 (RGS2) as a gatekeeper of the lung's IFNγ levels during infections. Deletion of RGS2 sustained an increase in IFNγ levels in macrophages, leading to unresolvable inflammatory lung injury.