Development of a short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale-30 based on item response theory and the RiskSLIM algorithm.

Recently, methods of quickly and accurately screening for geriatric depression have attracted substantial attention. Short forms of the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale have been developed based on classical test theory, such as the GDS-4, GDS-5, and GDS-15, but they have shown low diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, in this study, we developed a new short form of the GDS-30 based on item response theory and the RiskSLIM, a machine learning method, and validated it based on gray matter volume.

COCOA: A Framework for Fine-scale Mapping Cell-type-specific Chromatin Compartments with Epigenomic Information.

Chromatin compartmentalization and epigenomic modification are crucial in cell differentiation and diseases development. However, precise mapping of chromatin compartmental patterns requires Hi-C or Micro-C data at high sequencing depth. Exploring the systematic relationship between epigenomic modifications and compartmental patterns remains challenging.

The Digital Divide and Cognitive Disparities Among Older Adults: Community-Based Cohort Study in China.

Background: The widespread adoption of information and communication technologies (ICTs) further deepens disparities in resource access, particularly among the aging population. However, the relationship between these factors and their resulting impact on cognitive abilities remains uncertain.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the potential impact of the digital divide on individuals' cognitive function and its association with the development and reversion of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Facet-Dependent Photocatalytic CO Reduction on TiO Crystals in the Presence of SO: Role of Surface Hydroxyl.

Photocatalytic CO reduction to solar energy makes great sense to mitigate the greenhouse effect caused by CO, and great efforts have been made to promote CO conversion efficiency. However, the effect of impurities in the photoreduction of CO has received relatively little attention. Here, the different CO photoreduction behaviors of TiO exposed (101) facet (TiO-101) and (001) facet (TiO-001) with an SO impurity were investigated.

Sericin coats of silk fibres, a degumming waste or future material?

Silk is a fibrous biopolymer with a recorded history in the textile industries for centuries. This fibre is constituted of two different proteins: fibroin and sericin, of which the latter accounting for approximately 20-30 % of the silk mass. Silk sericin (SSER) was previously considered as a waste by-product in silk fibroin extraction.

A highly sensitive and selective label-free impedimetric immunosensor for the detection of interleukin-6 based on AuNPs@pDA@NiCoS@MoS nanocomposite.

A highly sensitive and selective label-free impedimetric immunosensor based on AuNPs@pDA@NiCoS@MoS nanocomposite modified on the surface of a screen-printed electrode (SPE) was designed for the detection of interleukin-6 (IL-6). The distribution of NiCoS nanoparticles on MoS nanosheets was able to prevent them from agglomerating. The polydopamine (pDA) layer was coated on the surface of NiCoS@MoS nanosheets by self-polymerization, which improved the stability and biocompatibility of the nanomaterial.

Effect of meal replacements formula on lipid profiles: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Although some evidence shows the beneficial effects of meal replacements (MRs) on dyslipidaemias, it is not completely clear. Therefore, we investigate the possible effects of total and partial MRs on lipid profiles.

Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Embase.

Water-Mediated Surface Engineering Enhances High-Voltage Stability of Fast-Charge LiCoO Cathodes.

Maintaining the surface structure stability of LiCoO (LCO) during rapid charge-discharge processes (>5C) and under high-voltage conditions (>4.2 V) is challenging due to interfacial side reactions, cobalt dissolution, and oxygen redox activity at deeply delithiated states, all of which contribute to performance degradation. Herein, different from traditional surface coating methods, we report a water-mediated strategy that modifies the surface architecture of LCO, creating a passivating layer to inhibit surface degradation and enhance cycling stability under fast charging conditions.

Construction of antithrombotic and antimicrobial ultra-thin structures on a polyethylene terephthalate implant the surface grafting of heparin brushes.

It remains a challenge to endow a polymeric material with antithrombotic ability by surface grafting without disturbing the bulk properties of the substrate. Heparin-based functional structures of less than 80 nm were fabricated and covalently grafted on a polyethylene terephthalate surface carbene chemistry (Hep-g-PET). Heparin was oxidized with the minimum antithrombrin sequence retained, creating an aldehyde group on the chain terminus.

Biochar promotes compost humification by regulating bacterial and fungal communities.

Introduction: Humus can be formed during composting through biological pathways, nonetheless, the mechanisms through which bacterial and fungal communities govern the development of humus in compost with the addition of biochar remain uncertain.

Methods: In this study, compost with cow dung and maize stover as feedstock was employed as a control group, and compost with 10% biochar added on top of the feedstock was adopted as a treatment group to investigate the effect of bacterial and fungal communities on humus formation during biochar composting.

Results And Discussion: The results demonstrated that the humic acid content increased by 24.

Effects of Platycodon grandiflorus on doxorubicin resistance and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.

With the increase of chemotherapy frequency for breast cancer, the drug resistance rate of patients is rising, accompanied by cell invasion and metastasis, thus causing mortality. We aimed to explore the mechanism by which Platycodon grandiflorus affects breast cancer cells in terms of the doxorubicin (Dox) resistance and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signaling pathway. MCF-7/R cell lines with resistance to Dox were established.

Atrophy in the supramarginal gyrus associated with impaired cognitive inhibition in grieving Chinese Shidu parents.

The loss of an only child, known as Shidu in China, is a profoundly distressing experience, often leading to Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD). Despite its impact, the structural brain alterations associated with PGD, potentially influencing cognitive impairments in Shidu parents, remain understudied. This study aims to identify brain structural abnormalities related to prolonged grief and their relation with cognitive inhibition in Shidu parents.

Controlling size and distribution of Au nano-particles on C3N4 for high-efficiency photocatalytic hydrogen production.

With advantages such as low cost, high stability, and ease of production, visible light photocatalytic C3N4 with a unique microscopic layered structure holds significant potential for development. However, its hydrogen production efficiency remains low due to the pronounced recombination of photo-generated charge carriers and limited surface reaction sites. Normally, the photocatalytic performance of C3N4 can be enhanced by loading noble metals with surface plasmon resonance.

Histone demethylase PHF8 promotes prostate cancer metastasis via the E2F1-SNAI1 axis.

Metastasis is the primary culprit behind cancer-related fatalities in multiple cancer types, including prostate cancer. Despite great advances, the precise mechanisms underlying prostate cancer metastasis are far from complete. By using a transgenic mouse prostate cancer model (TRAMP) with and without Phf8 knockout, we have identified a crucial role of PHF8 in prostate cancer metastasis.

Establishment and validation of a gene mutation-based risk model for predicting prognosis and therapy response in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant clonal proliferative disease of hematopoietic system. Despite tremendous progress in uncovering the AML genome, only a small number of mutations have been incorporated into risk stratification and used as therapeutic targets. In this research, we performed to construct a predictive prognosis risk model for AML patients according to gene mutations.

Lessons to Learn About the Misdiagnosis of a Rare Case in China: Bart Syndrome or Carmi Syndrome?

Objective: We report a case of Carmi Syndrome in a neonate.

Aim: To share our lessons in diagnosis of the case of Carmi Syndrome.

Case Report: Carmi Syndrome is an extremely rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized the coexistence of pyloric atresia and junctional epidermolysis bullosa, and with aplasia cutis congenita in approximately 28% patients.

Proteomics coupled transcriptomics reveals Slc34a1 and Slc34a3 downregulation as potential features of nephrotoxin-induced acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) stands as a prevalent and economically burdensome condition worldwide, yet its complex molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. To address this gap, our study employs a multifaceted approach, combining mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing technologies, to elucidate the intricate molecular landscape underlying nephrotoxin-induced AKI in mice by cisplatin- and LPS-induced. By examining the protein and RNA expression profiles, we aimed to uncover novel insights into the pathogenesis of AKI and identify potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

Cortical lipid metabolic pathway alteration of early Alzheimer's disease and candidate drugs screen.

Background: Lipid metabolism changes occur in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Yet little is known about metabolic gene changes in early AD cortex.

Methods: The lipid metabolic genes selected from two datasets (GSE39420 and GSE118553) were analyzed with enrichment analysis.

Effect of oxide interactions on chromium speciation transformation during simulated municipal solid waste incineration.

Chromium released during municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) is toxic and carcinogenic. The removal of chromium from simulated MSWI flue gas by four sorbents (CaO, bamboo charcoal (BC), powdered activated carbon (PAC), and AlO) and the effects of four oxides (SiO, AlO, FeO, and CaO) on chromium speciation transformation were investigated. The results showed that the removal rates of total Cr by the four sorbents were AlO < CaO < PAC < BC, while the removal rates of Cr(VI) by the four sorbents were AlO < PAC < BC < CaO.

DNA adductomics aided rapid screening of genotoxic impurities using nucleosides and 3D bioprinted human liver organoids.

Current genotoxicity assessment methods are mainly employed to verify the genotoxic safety of drugs, but do not allow for rapid screening of specific genotoxic impurities (GTIs). In this study, a new approach for the recognition of GTIs has been proposed. It is to expose the complex samples to an in vitro nucleoside incubation model, and then draw complete DNA adduct profiles to infer the structures of potential genotoxic impurities (PGIs).

H-ferritin-nanocaged gadolinium nanoparticles for ultra-sensitive MR molecular imaging.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful diagnostic technology by providing high-resolution imaging. Although MRI is sufficiently valued in its resolving morphology, it has poor sensitivity for tracking biomarkers. Therefore, contrast agents are often used to improve MRI diagnostic sensitivity.

Construction of a novel S-type γ-BiO/CeO heterojunction for highly efficient photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics.

Cubic nanoparticles of CeO were partly covered on the tetrahedron surface of γ-BiO through a hydrothermal reaction and then a calcination process to construct a novel S-type γ-BiO/CeO heterojunction. The optimized sample removed 96% of lomefloxacin and 81% of tetracycline. During the cycling test, the photocatalytic efficiency of lomefloxacin and tetracycline was maintained above 87% and 80%, respectively, for five consecutive cycles.