Fasting-mimicking diet potentiates anti-tumor effects of CDK4/6 inhibitors against breast cancer by suppressing NRAS- and IGF1-mediated mTORC1 signaling.

Aims: Acquired resistance to cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) frequently emerges, and CDK4/6i-containing therapies in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remain to be determined.

Methods: RNA-sequencing, cell viability analysis, immunoblotting, siRNA transfection et al. were used to investigate and verify the resistance mechanism.

Targeted discovery of clerodane diterpenoids from Tinospora sinensis as immunomodulatory agents.

Under the guidance of MS/MS-based molecular networking, five new clerodane diterpenoid glucosides, tinosinesides R-V (1-5), along with 15 known diterpenoids (6-20), were isolated from the stems of Tinospora sinensis. Compound 1 represents the first example of diterpenoid bearing a thio sugar and compound 5 is the first 18,19-dinor-clerodane with cis-fused A/B ring. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic means, and their absolute configurations were established on the basis of time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) based electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation and chemical methods.

Azaphilone pigments from the marine-derived Penicillium sclerotium UJNMF 0503 and their neuroprotective potential against HO-induced cell apoptosis through modulating PI3K/Akt pathway.

Azaphilones represent a particular group of fascinating pigments from fungal source, with easier industrialization and lower cost than the traditional plant-derived pigments, and they also display a wide range of pharmacological activities. Herein, 28 azaphilone analogs, including 12 new ones, were obtained from the fermentation culture of a marine fungus Penicillium sclerotium UJNMF 0503. Their structures were elucidated by MS, NMR and ECD analyses, together with NMR and ECD calculations and biogenetic considerations.

Sesquiterpenoids and steroids from and their inhibitory effects on NO production.

Two heterodimers including a clovane-phenylpropanoid hybrid () and a clovane-menthane hybrid (), five linear sesquiterpenoids incorporating a tetrahydrofuran ring (- & ), and four steroids ( & -), were separated from the ethanolic extract of a well-known aromatic and medicinal herb . Their structures were characterised by detailed analyses of spectroscopic data and comparison with known analogues, with seven (-) of them being described for the first time. The hybrids and represent the first examples of clovane type sesquiterpenoids hybridising with other class of natural products, and compounds - and are first linear sesquiterpenyl constituents reported from the title species.

Anti-inflammatory Polyketides from an Endophytic Fungus Chaetomium sp. UJN-EF006 of Vaccinium bracteatum.

Seven new polyketides including three chromone derivatives (1-3) and four linear ones incorporating a tetrahydrofuran ring (4-7), along with three known compounds (8-10), were obtained from the fermentation of an endophytic fungus (Chaetomium sp. UJN-EF006) isolated from the leaves of Vaccinium bracteatum. The structures of these fungal metabolites have been elucidated by spectroscopic means including MS, NMR and electronic circular dichroism.

Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of Thomas 1911 from China and its phylogenetic analysis.

The complete mitogenome sequence of Thomas 1911 was determined using PCR. A circular double-stranded structure makes up the mitochondrial genome of . The complete length of the mitochondrial genome is 16,419 bp.

Anti-inflammatory labdane diterpenoids from the aerial parts of Leonurus japonicus.

Twenty-two labdane-type diterpenoids, including ten pairs of 15-epimers and a pair of 13,15-epimers, were obtained from the aerial parts of a well-known medicinal plant Leonurus japonicus Houtt. While these epimers were separated by chiral HPLC, their structures were established mainly via spectroscopic methods especially NMR, X-ray crystallography and ECD techniques. Among them, seventeen compounds, encompassing three pairs of solvolysis artefacts likely due to the use of ethanol as extracting solvent, were reported for the first time in the current work.

Identification of Small-Molecule Bioactive Constituents from the Leaves of Confirms It as a Potential Functional Food with Health Benefits.

The health benefits of are well recorded in ancient Chinese medical books and were also demonstrated by modern researches. However, the relationship between its beneficial functions and specific chemical constituents has not been fully characterized. This study investigated the bioactive small-molecule constituents in the leaves of , which afforded 32 compounds including ten new ones (-) and ten pairs of enantiomers (-).

Methyl 2-naphthoates with anti-inflammatory activity from Morinda officinalis.

Chemical fractionation of the EtOH extract of the roots of a traditional Chinese herb, Morinda officinalis, afforded an array of methyl 2-naphthoate derivatives (1-9) including four pairs of enantiomers (1-4), two pimarane diterpenes and two ursane triterpenoids. Among them, eight compounds (1a/1b-3a/3b, 11 and 13) were reported in the current work for the first time. The structures of the new compounds, including their absolute configurations, were defined by spectroscopic analyses in combination with quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO) NMR calculations.

Isolation, Structure Characterization, Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Cinnamic Acid Derivatives from Tinospora sagittata.

Thirteen cinnamic acid derivatives (1-13), including six formerly unreported hybrids incorporating different short-chain fatty acid esters (1-6), have been obtained and structurally elucidated from an ethnological herb Tinospora sagittata. The structures of them have been established by spectroscopic data analyses and NMR comparison with known analogs, while those of 1, 2, 4 and 6 have been further supported by total synthesis, and it is the first report of this type of metabolites from the title species. All the isolates have been assessed in an array of bioassays encompassing cytotoxic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, as well as α-glucosidase and HDAC1 inhibitory models.

Clerodane furanoditerpenoids from the stems of Tinospora sinensis.

One new clerodane-type furanoditerpenoid tinosinoid A (1) and nine new nor-clerodane analogs tinosinoids B-J (2-10) have been isolated from the stems of Tinospora sinensis. The structures of the new compounds with absolute configurations have been elucidated by spectroscopic means, including MS, NMR and ECD techniques, as well as chemical correlation. Compound 1 is a rare sulfur-containing clerodane diterpenoid incorporating a 2-mercaptoethanol unit via a thioether bond, while compounds 4/5 and 9 represent two pairs of unusual equilibrium regioisomers through an interesting intramolecular transesterification.

Bis-Iridoids from Pterocephalus hookeri and Evaluation of Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

Four new secoiridoid-iridoid heterodimers, pterocenoids E-H (1-4), together with a known analog (5), were separated from the whole plants of Pterocephalus hookeri. Their structures were characterized by detailed spectroscopic analyses and NMR comparison with reported data for known analogs. Pterocenoid E (1) represents the first bis-iridoid example incorporating a rare trans-fused monomeric unit, and the C(8) configuration in 5 was corrected to be reversed to the original assignment.

21,24-Cyclolanostanes revisited: Structural revision and biological evaluation.

Chemical fractionation of the EtOH extract of a medicinal macro fungus, Inonotus obliquus, afforded an array of lanostane-type triterpenoids (1-11) including two new ones (1 and 8). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, single crystal X-ray crystallography of 3-6 and biosynthetic considerations. With the confirmatory structural information provided by X-ray diffraction analysis in hand, several previously reported 21,24-cyclolanostanes, such as inonotsutriols A-C and (20R,21S,24S)-21,24-cyclopenta-3β,21,25-trihydroxylanosta-8-ene, were structurally corrected.

Bioactive pentacyclic triterpenoids from the whole plants of Pterocephalus hookeri.

Eight undescribed triterpenoids (pterohoonoids A-H) including four oleananes, one nor-oleanane and three nor-ursanes, along with seven known analogues, were isolated from the whole plants of Pterocephalus hookeri (Dipsacaceae). The structures with relative stereochemistries of these molecules were elucidated mainly by spectroscopic analyses, and the absolute configurations of the undescribed ones were assigned by a variety of methods, including time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) based electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation, Rh(OCOCF)-induced ECD experiment and chemical transformation. The inhibitory effects toward the diabetes target α-glucosidase of all the isolates were assessed, and four of them exhibited pronounced activity with IC values ranging from 6.

Peritoneal Metastasis After Treated With Abemaciclib Plus Fulvestrant for Metastatic Invasive Lobular Breast Cancer: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Peritoneal metastases from invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of breast are uncommon and usually related to poor prognosis due to difficulty of detection in clinical practice and drug resistance. Therefore, recognizing the entities of peritoneal metastases of ILC and the potential mechanism of drug resistance is of great significance for early detection and providing accurate management. We herein report a case of a 60-year-old female who presented with nausea and vomiting as the first manifestation after treated with abemaciclib (a CDK4/6 inhibitor) plus fulvestrant for 23 months due to bone metastasis of ILC.

Diterpenoid glucosides with cystathionine γ-lyase inhibitory activity from Tinospora sinensis.

Fifteen previously undescribed nor-clerodane diterpenoid glucosides tinosinesides C-Q (1-15), along with four known analogues (16-19), were isolated from the stems of Tinospora sinensis. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic means, and their absolute configurations were established on the basis of time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) based electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation and chemical methods. All the isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), a natural enzyme responsible for the synthesis of HS.

Lignans with NO inhibitory activity from Tinospora sinensis.

Two new lignan glucosides, tinsinlignans A and B (1 and 2), two new oxyneolignans, tinsinlignans C and D (3 and 4), along with one known analogue (5), were isolated from the stems of Tinospora sinensis. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated based on analysis of spectroscopic data, and the absolute configuration of 1 was determined through electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation based on the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). Compounds 1-4 were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in murine RAW264.

Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of the lesser bandicoot rat () from China and its phylogenetic analysis.

The complete mitogenome sequence of the lesser bandicoot rat ( Gray and Hardwicke, 1833) was determined using long PCR. The genome was 16,327 bp in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 1 origin of L strand replication and 1 control region. The overall base composition of the heavy strand is A (34.

A new tigliane-type diterpenoid from .

Five tigliane (-) and one ingenane () diterpenoids were isolated from the ethanol extract of . The structures of these compounds were identified based on analysis of their spectroscopic data. Among them, compound 12--(2,4,6,8-tetradecatetraenoyl)-13--isobutyroyl-4-deoxyphorbol () was a new tigliane.

Chemical constituents from Tinospora sagittata and their biological activities.

Six undescribed low-polarity compounds including three rare 14-methylergostane steroids (1-3), one euphane triterpenoid (4) and two octadecanoic acid ethyl esters (5 and 6), along with ten previously reported terpenyl cometabolites (7-16), were isolated from the stems of Tinospora sagittata. Their structures were determined by detailed spectroscopic analyses and comparison with structurally related known compounds, and all of them have been reported from T. sagittata for the first time.

Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of from China and its phylogenetic analysis.

The complete mitogenome sequence of was determined using long PCR. The genome was 17,063 bp in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, one origin of L strand replication, and one control region. The overall base composition of the heavy strand is A (31.

Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of from China and its phylogenetic analysis.

The complete mitogenome sequence of was determined using long PCR. The genome was 16,238 bp in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 1 origin of L strand replication and 1 control region. The overall base composition of the heavy strand is A (33.