Network integration and segregation changes in schizophrenia: impact of electroconvulsive therapy.

Background: Studies have confirmed brain network topology disruption in schizophrenia (SZ). Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) rapidly improves acute psychiatric symptoms, yet the exact mechanism by which it impacts brain network topology in SZ patients remains unclear. This study aims to explore topological changes in SZ patients' whole-brain functional networks during ECT, ultimately elucidating implicated neurological mechanisms.

Thalamic Volumes and Functional Networks Linked With Self-Regulation Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder.

Aims: Self-regulation (SR) dysfunction is a crucial risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD). However, neural substrates of SR linking MDD remain unclear.

Methods: Sixty-eight healthy controls and 75 MDD patients were recruited to complete regulatory orientation assessments with the Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ) and Regulatory Mode Questionnaire (RMQ).

Occipital connectivity networks mediate the neural effects of childhood maltreatment on depressive symptoms in major depressive disorder.

Background: Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a well-established risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD). The neural mechanisms linking childhood maltreatment experiences to changes in brain functional networks and the onset of depression are not fully understood.

Methods: In this study, we enrolled 66 patients with MDD and 31 healthy controls who underwent resting-state fMRI scans and neuropsychological assessments.

MicroRNA-124 influenced depressive symptoms via large-scale brain connectivity in major depressive disorder patients.

This study aimed to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms by which microRNA 124 (miR-124) is involved in major depressive disorder (MDD). We enrolled 53 untreated MDD patients and 38 healthy control (HC) subjects who completed behavior assessments and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) scans. MiR-124 expression levels were detected in the peripheral blood of all participants.

Serum S100B protein and white matter changes in schizophrenia before and after medication.

Schizophrenia patients have abnormalities in white matter (WM) integrity in brain regions. S100B has been shown to be a marker protein for glial cells. The atypical antipsychotics have neuroprotective effects on the brain.

Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on functional brain networks in patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Schizophrenia is a kind of intractable brain disorder. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been used to rapidly improve the clinical symptoms of patients with schizophrenia, but the effect of ECT on topological attributes of brain functional network in patients with schizophrenia has not been clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the brain functional network mechanism of ECT against schizophrenia.

Resting-state cerebral blood flow and functional connectivity abnormalities in depressed patients with childhood maltreatment: Potential biomarkers of vulnerability?

Aim: Childhood maltreatment (CM) is an important risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aimed to explore the specific effect of CM on cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain functional connectivity (FC) in MDD patients.

Methods: A total of 150 subjects were collected including 55 MDD patients with CM, 34 MDD patients without CM, 19 healthy controls (HC) with CM, and 42 HC without CM.

Linking individual variability in functional brain connectivity to polygenic risk in major depressive disorder.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly heterogeneous disease, which brings great difficulties to clinical diagnosis and therapy. Its mechanism is still unknown. Prior neuroimaging studies mainly focused on mean differences between patients and healthy controls (HC), largely ignoring individual differences between patients.

Neural effects of childhood maltreatment on dynamic large-scale brain networks in major depressive disorder.

Emerging evidence suggests that childhood maltreatment (CM) alters trajectories of brain development to affect network architecture and is a risk factor for the development and maintenance of depression. The current study aimed to explore the association between CM and depressive severity on the large-scale resting-state networks (RSNs) level in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and explored the network basis of clinical symptoms. 42 healthy controls without childhood maltreatment, 13 healthy controls with CM, 35 MDD without CM and 50 MDD with CM were included in the study population.

Polymorphism Influences the Cerebral Blood Flow Changes Related to Psychomotor Retardation in Major Depressive Disorder.

Background: Previous studies revealed different cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes of major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with psychomotor retardation (PMR). These different changes might result from the modulation of other factors, such as genes. This study aimed to investigate the influence of polymorphism on the CBF alterations in MDD patients with PMR.

Progressive Changes in Brain Regional Homogeneity Induced by Electroconvulsive Therapy Among Patients With Schizophrenia.

Objectives: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has significant effects on improving psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia (SZ), but the changes of brain function induced by it are unclear. The purpose of the study was to explore progressive ECT-induced changes in regional homogeneity (ReHo) at multiple time points before, during, and after a course of ECT.

Methods: The 27 in-patients with SZ (SZ group) who met the recruitment criteria accepted clinical evaluations and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans before the first ECT (pre-ECT), after the first ECT (ECT1), and after the eighth ECT (ECT8), all conducted within 10 to 12 hours.

Abnormal brain gray matter volume in patients with major depressive disorder: Associated with childhood trauma?

Background: Patients with major depressive disorders (MDD) have abnormalities in the frontal-limbic structures of the brain. Childhood trauma is a risk factor for both structural brain alterations and MDD. However, the relationships among the three have not been confirmed.

Insula network connectivity mediates the association between childhood maltreatment and depressive symptoms in major depressive disorder patients.

Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a major risk factor for developing the major depressive disorder (MDD), however, the neurobiological mechanism linking CM and MDD remains unclear. We recruited 34 healthy controls (HCs) and 44 MDD patients to complete the childhood maltreatment experience assessment with Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and resting-state fMRI scan. Multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to identify the main effects of CM and depressive symptoms total and subfactors scores on bilateral anterior and posterior insula functional connectivity (IFC) networks, respectively.

Potential of Antithrombin III as a Biomarker of Antidepressive Effect in Major Depressive Disorder.

The evaluation of treatment response to antidepressant therapy commonly depends on neuropsychologic assessments, as there are currently no suitable biomarkers. Previous research has identified a panel of increased proteins in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), including antithrombin III (ATIII), as potential biomarkers of depression. A total of 90 MDD patients were recruited.

Global topology alteration of the brain functional network affects the 8-week antidepressant response in major depressive disorder.

Purpose: Previous studies have indicated that the global topology of the brain functional network in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) differs from that of those with normal controls (NCs). However, the relationship between an altered global topology and the response to antidepressants remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether differences in global topology affect the efficacy of antidepressants in MDD patients.

Increased subcortical region volume induced by electroconvulsive therapy in patients with schizophrenia.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been widely used to treat patients with schizophrenia. However, the underlying mechanisms of ECT remain unknown. In the present study, the treatment effects of ECT on brain structure in patients with schizophrenia were explored.

Effect of NEUROG3 polymorphism rs144643855 on regional spontaneous brain activity in major depressive disorder.

Purpose: Our previous study identified a significant association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located in the neurogenin3 (NEUROG3) gene and post-stroke depression (PSD) in Chinese populations. The present work explores whether polymorphism rs144643855 affects regional brain activity and clinical phenotypes in major depressive disorder (MDD).

Method: A total of 182 participants were included: 116 MDD patients and 66 normal controls.

Episodic Memory-Related Imaging Features as Valuable Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease: A Multicenter Study Based on Machine Learning.

Background: Individualized and reliable biomarkers are crucial for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, lack of accessibility and neurobiological correlation are the main obstacles to their clinical application. Machine learning algorithms can effectively identify personalized biomarkers based on the prominent symptoms of AD.

Disturbed temporal dynamics of episodic retrieval activity with preserved spatial activity pattern in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A simultaneous EEG-fMRI study.

Episodic memory (EM) deficit is the core cognitive dysfunction of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). However, the episodic retrieval pattern detected by functional MRI (fMRI) appears preserved in aMCI subjects. To address this discrepancy, simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG)-fMRI recording was employed to determine whether temporal dynamics of brain episodic retrieval activity were disturbed in patients with aMCI.

Dopamine Multilocus Genetic Profile, Spontaneous Activity of Left Superior Temporal Gyrus, and Early Therapeutic Effect in Major Depressive Disorder.

This study aimed to examine the interactive effects of dopamine (DA) pathway gene and disease on spontaneous brain activity and further to explore the relationship between spontaneous brain activity and the early antidepressant therapeutic effect in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). A total of 104 patients with MDD and 64 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. The Hamilton Depression Scale-24 (HAMD-24) was used to measure the depression severity.