Using Modified-Intake Plasma-Enhanced Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition System to Grow Gallium Doped Zinc Oxide.

We have used a modified-intake plasma-enhanced metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MIPEMOCVD) system to fabricate gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO) thin films with varied Ga content. The MIPEMOCVD system contains a modified intake system of a mixed tank and a spraying terminal to deliver the metal-organic (MO) precursors and a radio-frequency (RF) system parallel to the substrate normal, which can achieve a uniform distribution of organic precursors in the reaction chamber and reduce the bombardment damage. We examined the substitute and interstitial mechanisms of Ga atoms in zinc oxide (ZnO) matrix in MIPEMOCVD-grown GZO thin films through crystalline analyses and Hall measurements.

[Role of photosynthesis in regulating soil respiration under nitrogen application in a sandy grassland].

We examined the role of photosynthesis in regulating soil CO emission under nitrogen enrichment in Keerqin sandy grassland. Results showed that nitrogen (N) application could affect soil respiration rate by altering the allocation of photosynthetic products to the belowground. Gross ecosystem photosynthesis rate (GEP) was positively correlated with soil respiration rate (R).

Altered leaf functional traits by nitrogen addition in a nutrient-poor pine plantation: A consequence of decreased phosphorus availability.

This study aimed to determine how specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC) respond to N addition and understory vegetation removal in a 13-year-old Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) plantation. Traits (SLA, LDMC, individual needle dry weight, N and P concentrations) of different-aged needles and their crown-average values were measured, and their relationships with soil N and P availability were examined.

[Effects of nitrogen addition on microbial respiration and root respiration in a sandy grassland.].

Soil respiration includes root respiration and microbial respiration. Effects of nitrogen addition on root respiration and microbial respiration may be quite different. We examined the effects of N-addition on the releasing of soil CO and the responses of root respiration and microbial respiration in a Keerqin sandy grassland, Northeast China.

[Effects of nitrogen addition on grassland species diversity and productivity in Keerqin Sandy Land].

Species diversity and productivity are the important indices of the structure and functioning of ecosystems. With Keerqin sandy grassland as test object, this paper studied its species composition, species diversity, and productivity under effects of different level nitrogen (N) addition. Nitrogen addition altered the species composition and the dominant species in the community, increased the vegetation height and coverage, and decreased vegetation light penetration.