An effective method for preventing cholestatic liver injury of Aucklandiae Radix and Vladimiriae Radix: Inflammation suppression and regulate the expression of bile acid receptors.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Aucklandiae Radix (AR) and Vladimiriae Radix (VR) were used to treat gastrointestinal, liver and gallbladder diseases at practice. In most conditions, VR was used to be a substitute of AR or a local habit may attribute to the same main active ingredients Costunolide and Dehydrocostus lactone, which presented many similar pharmacological activities. However, other different lactone compounds in AR and VR also play a role in disease treatment, so the difference in therapeutic effects of AR and VR in related diseases needs to be further studied.

Recombination Time Mismatch and Spin Dependent Photocurrent at a Ferromagnetic-Metal-Semiconductor Tunnel Junction.

We report on carrier dynamics in a spin photodiode based on a ferromagnetic-metal-GaAs tunnel junction. We show that the helicity-dependent current is determined not only by the electron spin polarization and spin asymmetry of the tunneling but in great part by a dynamical factor resulting from the competition between tunneling and recombination in the semiconductor, as well as by a specific quantity: the charge polarization of the photocurrent. The two latter factors can be efficiently controlled through an electrical bias.

Study of the therapeutic effect of raw and processed Vladimiriae Radix on ulcerative colitis based on intestinal flora, metabolomics and tissue distribution analysis.

Background: The intestinal flora imbalance and metabolic disorders are closely related to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). As a commonly used herb for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, Vladimiriae Radix (VR) has been used for hundreds of years, and its main active ingredients are costunolide (COS) and dehydrocostus lactone (DEH). Clinical usage habits and previous studies have shown that the processed Vladimiriae Radix (pVR) seems to be more suitable for treating bowel disease than the raw Vladimiriae Radix (rVR), but there is still no relevant comparative study.

Mechanistic evaluation of gastro-protective effects of KangFuXinYe on indomethacin-induced gastric damage in rats.

KangFuXinYe (KFX), the ethanol extract of the dried whole body of Periplaneta americana, is a well-known important Chinese medicine preparation that has been used to treat digestive diseases such as gastric ulcers for many years in China. However, its therapeutic effect and mechanism are not yet well understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the gastro-protective effects of KangFuXinYe (KFX) in indomethacin-induced gastric damage.

Anomalous Mode Transitions in High Power Distributed Bragg Reflector Quantum Cascade Lasers.

In this paper, an anomalous spectral data of distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) emitting around 7.6 μm is presented. The two-section DBR lasers, consisting of a gain section and an unpumped Bragg reflector, display an output power above 0.

Demonstration of High-Power and Stable Single-Mode in a Quantum Cascade Laser Using Buried Sampled Grating.

High-power, low-threshold stable single-mode operation buried distributed feedback quantum cascade laser by incorporating sampled grating emitting at λ ~ 4.87 μm is demonstrated. The high continuous wave (CW) output power of 948 mW and 649 mW for a 6-mm and 4-mm cavity length is obtained at 20 °C, respectively, which benefits from the optimized optical field distribution of sampled grating.

Near-infrared and mid-infrared semiconductor broadband light emitters.

Semiconductor broadband light emitters have emerged as ideal and vital light sources for a range of biomedical sensing/imaging applications, especially for optical coherence tomography systems. Although near-infrared broadband light emitters have found increasingly wide utilization in these imaging applications, the requirement to simultaneously achieve both a high spectral bandwidth and output power is still challenging for such devices. Owing to the relatively weak amplified spontaneous emission, as a consequence of the very short non-radiative carrier lifetime of the inter-subband transitions in quantum cascade structures, it is even more challenging to obtain desirable mid-infrared broadband light emitters.

Low voltage-defect quantum cascade lasers based on excited-states injection at λ ∼ 8.5 μm.

A quantum cascade laser emitting at λ∼8.5  μm based on the excited-state injection is presented. The operating voltage is reduced for a low-voltage defect in the excited-state design, compared with the conventional ground-state injection design.

Purified Phlorizin from (Wall.) Decne by HSCCC, Compared with Whole Extract, Phlorizin and Non-Phlorizin Fragment Ameliorate Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Improves Intestinal Barrier Function in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice.

Natural products generally contain complex and multiple bioactive compounds that are responsible for the effects on health through complicated synergistic and/or suppressive actions. As an important raw material of local ethnic minority tea, ethnomedicines and food supplements in southwestern areas of China, (Wall.) Decne (DID) mainly consists of phlorizin (PHZ), which is the main active component.

Tapered Quantum Cascade Laser Arrays Integrated with Talbot Cavities.

Power scaling in broad area quantum cascade laser (QCL) usually leads to the deterioration of the beam quality with an emission of multiple lobes far-field pattern. In this letter, we demonstrate a tapered QCL array integrated with Talbot cavity at one side of the array. Fundamental supermode operation is achieved in the arrays with taper straight-end connected to the Talbot cavity.

[Research status of Periplaneta americana with analyses and prospects of key issues].

Periplaneta americana is one of the common traditional Chinese medicines, which has a long application history. It can tonify spleen, promote blood circulation, induce diuresis to alleviate edema, and promote granulation. It is clinically used for the treatment of alimentary canal diseases, chronic heart failure, cutaneous lesion, periodontitis and other diseases.

Stable Single-Mode Operation of Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Laser by Optimized Reflectivity Facet Coatings.

In this work, quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) based on strain compensation combined with two-phonon resonance design are presented. Distributed feedback (DFB) laser emitting at ~ 4.76 μm was fabricated through a standard buried first-order grating and buried heterostructure (BH) processing.

Room temperature continuous wave quantum dot cascade laser emitting at 7.2 μm.

We demonstrate a quantum cascade laser with active regions consisting of InAs quantum dots deposited on GaAs buffer layers that are embedded in InGaAs wells confined by InAlAs barriers. Continuous wave room temperature lasing at the wavelength of 7.2 μm has been demonstrated with the threshold current density as low as 1.

A Polarization-Dependent Normal Incident Quantum Cascade Detector Enhanced Via Metamaterial Resonators.

The design, fabrication, and characterization of a polarization-dependent normal incident quantum cascade detector coupled via complementary split-ring metamaterial resonators in the infrared regime are presented. The metamaterial structure is designed through three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method and fabricated on the top metal contact, which forms a double-metal waveguide together with the metallic ground plane. With normal incidence, significant enhancements of photocurrent response are obtained at the metamaterial resonances compared with the 45° polished edge coupling device.

Normal Incident Long Wave Infrared Quantum Dash Quantum Cascade Photodetector.

We demonstrate a quantum dash quantum cascade photodetector (QDash-QCD) by incorporating self-assembled InAs quantum dashes into the active region of a long wave infrared QCD. Sensitive photoresponse to normal incident light at 10 μm was observed, which is attributed to the intersubband (ISB) transitions in the quantum well/quantum dash (QW/QDash) hybrid absorption region and the following transfer of excited electrons on the extraction stair-like quantum levels separated by LO-phonon energy. The high density InAs quantum dashes were formed in the Stranski-Krastanow mode and stair-like levels were formed by a lattice matched InGaAs/InAlAs superlattice.

10-W pulsed operation of substrate emitting photonic-crystal quantum cascade laser with very small divergence.

High-power broad area substrate emitting photonic-crystal distributed feedback (DFB) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) emitting around 4.73 μm is reported. Two-dimensional centered rectangular photonic-crystal (CRPC) grating is introduced to enhance optical coherence in large area device.

Small divergence substrate emitting quantum cascade laser by subwavelength metallic grating.

Metallic periodic structure in subwavelength scale offers an exciting way to couple light into surface plasmons (SPs), thus manipulating the properties of near-field optics. We show that subwavelength metallic grating (SMG) defined on the substrate side of substrate emitting quantum cascade lasers enables far-field improvement in mid-infrared spectrum. The SMG is designed to tailor the interaction of SPs with single mode transverse magnetic light.

Tri-channel single-mode terahertz quantum cascade laser.

We report on a compact THz quantum cascade laser source emitting at, individually controllable, three different wavelengths (92.6, 93.9, and 95.

Quantum dot cascade laser.

Unlabelled: We demonstrated an unambiguous quantum dot cascade laser based on InGaAs/GaAs/InAs/InAlAs heterostructure by making use of self-assembled quantum dots in the Stranski-Krastanow growth mode and two-step strain compensation active region design. The prototype generates stimulated emission at λ ~ 6.15 μm and a broad electroluminescence band with full width at half maximum over 3 μm.

Biotransformation, a promising technology for anti-cancer drug development.

With the high morbidity and mortality caused by cancer, finding new and more effective anti-cancer drugs is very urgent. In current research, biotransformation plays a vital role in the research and development of cancer drugs and has obtained some achievements. In this review, we have summarized four applications as follows: to exploit novel anti-cancer drugs, to improve existing anti-cancer drugs, to broaden limited anti-cancer drug resources and to investigate correlative mechanisms.

[Effect of borneol on intestinal absorption of muscone in rats].

Objective: To explore the influence of borneol on intestinal absorption of muscone in rats.

Method: An in situ intestinal circulation perfusion experiment was used to study the changes in intestinal absorption kinetics of muscone before and after being compatible with borneol.

Result: Compared with the muscone group (MG), the absorption rate constants (Ka), the half-life period (T1/2) and the absorption rate (A) of muscone in the borneol + muscone group (BMG) were on the rise, but with no significant difference; after being compatible with borneol for a long period, Ka, T1/2 and A in the last borneol on muscone group (LBMG) increased, with significant difference (P < 0.