Unraveling the Causal Relationship Between 731 Immunocyte Phenotypes and Asthma Risk: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Growing evidence suggests an association between various immune cell phenotypes and the development of asthma. However, it is still not entirely clear whether specific immune cell phenotypes might causally contribute to the risk of asthma. Despite further studies required to validate this claim, our study delves deeper into explaining this relationship and paving the way toward new therapeutic approaches.

Prediction of STAS in lung adenocarcinoma with nodules ≤ 2 cm using machine learning: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background And Objective: Spread through air spaces (STAS) is an important factor in determining the aggressiveness and recurrence risk of lung cancer, especially in early-stage adenocarcinoma. Preoperative identification of STAS is crucial for optimizing surgical strategies. This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning models to predict the presence of STAS using preoperative clinical, radiological, and pathological data in lung cancer patients.

Efficient and Specific PDGFRβ-Targeting Dual-Mode T-T MRI Nanoprobe for Early Diagnosis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-induced early-stage liver fibrosis is increasingly common. Non-invasive MRI detection offers an important diagnostic method to prevent fibrosis from progressing to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. However, because fibrosis is confined to the periportal areas, and changes in tissue structure and stiffness are minimal, standard T- or T-weighted imaging struggles to capture these early-stage lesions.

Valence Engineering via Polyoxometalate-Induced on Vanadium Centers for Efficient Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Layered vanadium-based compounds have attracted attention as cathode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) because of their low cost, high theoretical specific capacity, and abundant vanadium valence states. However, the slow migration of Zn ions and their poor cycling stability hinder their practical application in AZIBs. Herein, using a one-pot solvothermal method, the polyoxometalates (POMs) were inserted into the aluminum vanadate interlayer spacing, and a series of novel 3D nanoflower cathode materials (HAVO-MMo-X) were successfully fabricated.

Efficacy of high-frequency peripheral magnetic stimulation in treating patients with persistent hiccups post-stroke: a retrospective study.

Background: This study retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of peripheral magnetic stimulation for treating persistent hiccups in patients after stroke.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we categorized patients with persistent hiccups post-stroke admitted to the Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Wuhan University People's Hospital between May 2022 to August 2023 into two groups. The experimental group received 10 Hz peripheral magnetic stimulation targeting the phrenic nerve, whereas the control group received a daily intramuscular injection of 10 mg metoclopramide.

Ultrasound-mediated nanomaterials for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Sterile and infection-associated inflammatory diseases are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Conventional drug therapies often entail significant drawbacks, such as the risk of drug overdose, the development of drug resistance in pathogens, and systemic adverse reactions, all of which can undermine the effectiveness of treatments for these conditions. Nanomaterials (NMs) have emerged as a promising tool in the treatment of inflammatory diseases due to their precise targeting capabilities, tunable characteristics, and responsiveness to external stimuli.

Sandwich-Structured ZnO/MXene Heterojunction for Sensitive and Stable Room-Temperature Ammonia Sensing.

2D metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) have attracted considerable interests in NH sensing due to their high electrical conductivity and abundant terminal groups. However, the strong interlayer interactions between MXene nanosheets result in challenges related to sensor recovery and rapid response decay in MXene-based sensors. Here, A one-step hydrothermal strategy is developed that anchors Zn atoms and grows ZnO polycrystals on the Ti vacancies of TiCT layers, forming a sandwich-structured ZnO/TiCT heterojunction.

Characterization of serum metabolome and respiratory microbiota in children with influenza A virus infection.

The risk of children being infected with Influenza A virus (IAV) is high, and if not treated promptly, it can lead to serious illness. Compared with control group, IAV infection decreased the contents of platelet, white blood cell, lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil, CD3 T cells, CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, and B cells, while increasing the number of red blood cell. Additionally, IAV infection increased serum concentrations of total protein, albumin and lipase, while decreasing the contents of calcium, triglyceride, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin and gamma-glutamyltransferase.

Designing Patient-Centered Interventions for Emergency Care: Participatory Design Study.

Background: Emergency departments (EDs) are high-pressure environments where clinicians diagnose patients under significant constraints, including limited medical histories, severe time pressures, and frequent interruptions. Current ED care practices often inadequately support meaningful patient participation. Most interventions prioritize clinical workflow and health care provider communication, inadvertently overlooking patients' needs.

Improving equity through barrier-free transportation: an evaluation of Shanghai metro stations.

Introduction: As urbanization progresses and vulnerable populations increase, equitable accessibility remains a critical issue. This study evaluates the accessibility of transit-oriented development (TOD) in Shanghai, focusing on barrier-free facilities in metro stations.

Methods: A comprehensive evaluation framework combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the System Usability Scale (SUS) was developed to assess metro station accessibility.

Harmonic analysis and optimization for closed-loop superconducting shim coils of 7 T MRI magnet.

Background: High-resolution brain imaging is crucial in clinical diagnosis and neuroscience, with ultra-high field strength MRI systems ( ) offering significant advantages for imaging neuronal microstructures. However, achieving magnetic field homogeneity is challenging due to engineering faults during the installation of superconducting strip windings and the primary magnet.

Purpose: This study aims to design and optimize active superconducting shim coils for a 7 T animal MRI system, focusing on the impact of safety margin, size, and adjustability of the second-order shim coils on the MRI system's optimization.

Comprehensive analysis of vaginal microbiota in Chinese women with genital tuberculosis: implications for diagnosis and treatment.

Background: Tuberculosis remains an infectious disease of global concern, with potential impacts on respiratory and intestinal microbiota owing to prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. Despite its potential to cause infertility, the vaginal microbiota of women with genital tuberculosis remains poorly understood. We comprehensively analyzed the vaginal microbiota in Chinese women with genital tuberculosis.

Efficient production of recombinant human FVII in CHO cells using the piggyBac transposon system.

As an important coagulation factor, activated coagulation factor VII (FVIIa) is mainly used to treat the bleeding of hemophilia patients who have developed inhibitory antibodies against FVIII and FIX conventional treatment. Recombinant human factor VII (rhFVII) produced in mammalian cell lines have been developed as the most important resource of FVIIa. However, cell lines express rhFVII protein derived from an exogenous expression vector at a lower level than most other proteins.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals the Cellular Origin and Evolution of Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Cervix.

Small-cell neuroendocrine cancer (SCNEC) of the uterine cervix is an exceedingly rare, highly aggressive tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. The cellular heterogeneity, origin, and tumorigenesis trajectories of SCNEC of the cervix remain largely unclear. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing and whole-exome sequencing on tumor tissues and adjacent normal cervical tissues from two patients diagnosed with SCNEC of the cervix.

Enhancing prehospital decision-making: exploring user needs and design considerations for clinical decision support systems.

Background: In prehospital emergency care, providers face significant challenges in making informed decisions due to factors such as limited cognitive support, high-stress environments, and lack of experience with certain patient conditions. Effective Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) have great potential to alleviate these challenges. However, such systems have not yet been widely adopted in real-world practice and have been found to cause workflow disruptions and usability issues.

Factors Associated with Abusive Head Trauma in Young Children Presenting to Emergency Medical Services Using a Large Language Model.

Objectives: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a leading cause of death in young children. Analyses of patient characteristics presenting to Emergency Medical Services (EMS) are often limited to structured data fields. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Large Language Models (LLM) may identify rare presentations like AHT through factors not found in structured data.

Prussian Blue Analogues "Dressed" in MXene Nanosheets Tightly for High Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries.

MXenes, have been considered as a new generation anode material in lithium-ion batteries for lower lithium-ion diffusion barriers and superior conductivity. Unfortunately, their structures are prone to aggregation and stacking, hindering further shuttle of lithium ions and electrons, resulting in lower discharge capacity. Therefore, the introduction of interlayer spacers for the preparation of MXene-based hybrids has attracted much attention.

Targeting senescent stemlike subpopulations in Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Philadelphia chromosome-like B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) is driven by genetic alterations that induce constitutive kinase signaling and is associated with chemoresistance and high relapse risk in children and adults. Preclinical studies in the most common CRLF2-rearranged/JAK pathway-activated Ph-like ALL subtype have revealed variable responses to JAK inhibitor-based therapies, suggesting incomplete oncogene addiction and highlighting a need to elucidate alternative biologic dependencies and therapeutic vulnerabilities, whereas the ABL-class Ph-like ALL subtype seems preferentially sensitive to SRC/ABL- or PDGFRB-targeting inhibitors. Which patients may be responsive vs resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-based precision medicine approaches remains a critical knowledge gap.

Modulation of glymphatic system by visual circuit activation alleviates memory impairment and apathy in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressive amyloid deposition and cognitive decline, yet the pathological mechanisms and treatments remain elusive. Here we report the therapeutic potential of low-intensity 40 hertz blue light exposure in a 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Our findings reveal that light treatment prevents memory decline in 4-month-old 5xFAD mice and motivation loss in 14-month-old 5xFAD mice, accompanied by restoration of glial water channel aquaporin-4 polarity, improved brain drainage efficiency, and a reduction in hippocampal lipid accumulation.

Superconductivity in an ultrathin multilayer nickelate.

We report the appearance of superconductivity in single-unit-cell NdNiO, exhibiting a transition temperature similar to that of thicker films. In situ synchrotron x-ray scattering performed during growth of the parent phase, NdNiO, shows that the necessary layer-by-layer deposition sequence does not follow the sequence of the formula unit but an alternate order due to the relative stability of the perovskite unit cell. We exploit this insight to grow ultrathin NdNiO heterostructures and conduct in situ studies of topotactic reduction, finding that formation of the square-planar phase occurs rapidly and is highly sensitive to reduction temperature, with small deviations from the optimum condition leading to inhomogeneity and the loss of superconductivity.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the genetic aging landscape of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. Despite numerous studies, specific age-related factors remain unidentified. This study employed a multi-omics approach to investigate the link between PD and aging.

Analysis of the effects of HJ-16 inoculation on tobacco leaves based on multi-omics methods.

In this study, a strain isolated from the surface of flue-cured tobacco leaves, identified as HJ-16, was applied in the solid-state fermentation of tobacco leaves. This strain, known for producing thermally stable enzymes, including amylase, cellulase, and protease, significantly improved the sensory qualities of tobacco, enhancing aromatic intensity, density, and softness, while reducing irritation. Whole-genome sequencing and functional annotation revealed that HJ-16 possesses a single circular chromosome containing genes associated with enzyme production and metabolic activities, particularly in carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism.

The transcription factors ERF105 and NAC72 regulate expression of a sugar transporter gene and hexose accumulation in grape.

Sugar transport plays a pivotal role in determining the productivity of plants and their capacity to act as carbon sinks. In the major fruit crop grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), the transporter gene V.

Characterization and application of Cinnamaldehyde-loaded zein nanoparticles in a polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan film for silver pomfret () packaging.

This study aims to prepare and characterize cinnamaldehyde-loaded zein/sodium alginate nanoparticles (ZCNPs) and incorporate them into polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan (PVA/CS) bioactive films (PSCN) to investigate their compatibility, physicochemical properties, and their application as a preservation material for pomfret fish. The results indicate that the anionic sodium alginate coating improved the particle size, zeta potential, and PDI of zein nanoparticles. The ZCNPs were uniformly dispersed within the films, enhancing the mechanical properties and water vapor barrier performance.