Echinacoside attenuates Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced pneumonia via inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling.

The Gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is one major causative agent of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia. Echinacoside (ECH) is a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from Cistanche deserticola that possesses anti-inflammatory activity.

Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies in overcoming chemotherapy resistance in cancer.

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality globally and a major health burden, with chemotherapy often serving as the primary therapeutic option for patients with advanced-stage disease, partially compensating for the limitations of non-curative treatments. However, the emergence of chemotherapy resistance significantly limits its efficacy, posing a major clinical challenge. Moreover, heterogeneity of resistance mechanisms across cancer types complicates the development of universally effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Preconception exposure to bisphenol A and its alternatives: Effects on female fecundity mediated by oxidative stress and ovarian reserve.

Background: Various 'Bisphenol A (BPA)-free' alternatives have emerged in numerous personal products in recent years. However, it remains unclear whether BPA analogs affect female fecundity and possible biological mechanisms.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the relationships of bisphenol analogs with female fecundability and infertility and whether oxidative stress, inflammation, and ovarian reserve may play a mediation role in such associations.

Screening of tumor antigens and immunogenic cell death landscapes of prostate adenocarcinoma for exploration of mRNA vaccine.

Background: In this study, effective antigens of mRNA vaccine were excavated from the perspective of ICD, and ICD subtypes of PRAD were further distinguished to establish an ICD landscape, thereby determining suitable vaccine recipients.

Research Design And Methods: TCGA and MSKCC databases were applied to acquire RNA-seq data and corresponding clinical data of 554 and 131 patients, respectively. GEPIA was employed to measure prognostic indices.

Androgen receptor deficiency-induced TUG1 in suppressing ferroptosis to promote benign prostatic hyperplasia through the miR-188-3p/GPX4 signal pathway.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), characterized by the non-malignant enlargement of the prostate, exhibits a pronounced association with inflammation resulting from androgen receptor (AR) deficiency. Ferroptosis, a cell death mechanism triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and closely linked to inflammation, has yet to be fully understood in the context of BPH. Using RNA sequencing, we observed a significant elevation of taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in BPH tissues compared to normal prostate tissue.

Multi-parametric MRI radiomics for predicting response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the application value of multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics in predicting the response of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(nCRT), aiming to provide non-invasive biomarkers for clinical decision-making in personalized treatment.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data and imaging records of patients with LARC who received nCRT and total mesorectal excision (TME) in two medical centers from 2017 to 2023. The patients were divided into a training group and a test group in a 7:3 ratio.

Organophosphate esters in human serum: a relatively simple and efficient liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method.

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are widely used as flame retardants and plasticizers, which are of growing concern due to their endocrine-disrupting effects, developmental toxicity, and potential carcinogenicity. However, data on human exposure to OPEs is still scarce. In this study, a relatively simple and efficient method with less serum consumption for the detection of OPEs in human serum was developed and validated.

Establishment of a headspace-thermal desorption and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method (HS-TD-GC-MS) for simultaneous detection of 51 volatile organic compounds in human urine: Application in occupational exposure assessment.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a group of ubiquitous environment pollutants especially released into the workplace. Assessment of VOCs exposure in occupational populations is therefore a crucial issue for occupational health. However, simultaneous biomonitoring of a variety of VOCs is less studied.

VDR regulates mitochondrial function as a protective mechanism against renal tubular cell injury in diabetic rats.

Purpose: To investigate the regulatory effect and mechanism of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) on mitochondrial function in renal tubular epithelial cell under diabetic status.

Methods: The diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and HK-2 cells under high glocose(HG)/transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) stimulation were used in this study. Calcitriol was administered for 24 weeks.

Endogenous Zinc-Ion-Triggered In Situ Gelation Enables Zn Capture to Reprogram Benign Hyperplastic Prostate Microenvironment and Shrink Prostate.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) as the leading cause of urination disorder is still a refractory disease, and there have no satisfied drugs or treatment protocols yet. With identifying excessive Zn , inflammation, and oxidative stress as the etiology of aberrant hyperplasia, an injectable sodium alginate (SA) and glycyrrhizic acid (GA)-interconnected hydrogels (SAGA) featuring Zn -triggered in situ gelation are developed to load lonidamine for reprogramming prostate microenvironment and treating BPH. Herein, SAGA hydrogels can crosslink with Zn in BPH via coordination chelation and switch free Zn to bound ones, consequently alleviating Zn -arisen inflammation and glycolysis.

Research on Two-Stage Semi-Active ISD Suspension Based on Improved Fuzzy Neural Network PID Control.

To better improve the ride comfort and handling stability of vehicles, a new two-stage ISD semi-active suspension structure is designed, which consists of the three elements, including an adjustable damper, spring, and inerter. Meanwhile, a new semi-active ISD suspension control strategy is proposed based on this structure. Firstly, the fuzzy neural network's initial parameters are optimized using the grey wolf optimization algorithm.

Exploration of diagnostic biomarkers, microenvironment characteristics, and ursolic acid's therapeutic effect for benign prostate hyperplasia.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and early-stage prostate cancer (PC) have similar symptoms, making it challenging to differentially diagnose these two conditions. The study used Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis, as well as two machine learning strategies to identify BPH-specific biomarkers based on an integrated transcriptome data from 922 samples. Eight prognostic genes (, , , , , , , and ) were identified to be BPH-specific biomarkers with high accuracy and specificity.

Exposure to parabens and semen quality in reproductive-aged men.

Background: Parabens are common preservatives in personal care products, cosmetics, and medical goods. In the past few years, animal studies showed the male reproductive toxicity associated with some parabens. Yet, epidemiological studies have generated inconsistent findings and research rarely has focused on the mixture effects of the parabens.

Environmental exposure to per- and perfluoroalkyl substances in early pregnancy and newborn anogenital distance: A prospective cohort study.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent, ubiquitous pollutants, and the current epidemiological evidence regarding the impact of in utero exposure to PFAS on anogenital distance (AGD) is limited and inconclusive. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the potential associations between maternal exposure to PFAS during pregnancy and AGD in newborns. A total of 2273 mother-child pairs were recruited for this study, and both PFAS levels and AGD were measured.

Aging and Diabetic Kidney Disease: Emerging Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. With the overpowering trend of aging, the prevalence of DKD in the elderly is progressively increasing. Genetic factors, abnormal glucose metabolism, inflammation, mitochondrial dysregulation, and oxidative stress all contribute to the development of DKD.

Separating Daily 1 km PM Inorganic Chemical Composition in China since 2000 via Deep Learning Integrating Ground, Satellite, and Model Data.

Fine particulate matter (PM) chemical composition has strong and diverse impacts on the planetary environment, climate, and health. These effects are still not well understood due to limited surface observations and uncertainties in chemical model simulations. We developed a four-dimensional spatiotemporal deep forest (4D-STDF) model to estimate daily PM chemical composition at a spatial resolution of 1 km in China since 2000 by integrating measurements of PM species from a high-density observation network, satellite PM retrievals, atmospheric reanalyses, and model simulations.

Mitofusin2 Ameliorated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Through Maintaining Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Integrity in Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.

This study investigated the regulatory effect of Mitofusin2 (Mfn2) on mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) integrity and cellular injury in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (CP-AKI). CP-AKI mice exhibited decreased expression of Mfn2, increased expression of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), abnormal mitochondrial morphology, and reduced MAMs integrity, accompanied by the activation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress (inositol-requiring enzyme 1 [IRE1] and PERK pathways). In studies, CP-induced mitochondrial ROS, ER-stress activation, and increased apoptosis were accompanied by the downregulation of Mfn2 and MAMs integrity reduction in Boston University mouse proximal tubular cells (BUMPT) and human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2).

Exportin XPO7 acts as an oncogenic factor in prostate cancer via upregulation of TCF3.

Purpose: As a nuclear transport protein, XPO7 has been observed to show abnormal expression in various types of human cancers. However, the role of XPO7 in PCa remains elusive.

Methods: Here, in this study, immunohistochemistry and bioinformatics were used to determine the expression pattern and prognostic significance of XPO7.

ELF3 promotes gemcitabine resistance through PKMYT1/CDK1 signaling pathway in gallbladder cancer.

Background: Gemcitabine is the standard treatment for gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients, and the development of resistance frequently limits its efficacy. However, the molecular features and mechanisms of gemcitabine resistance (Gem-R) in GBC cells remain unknown. Herein, we aimed to explore the role of ELF3 in Gem-R of GBC, including the underlying mechanisms.

Pathogenic variations in and contribute to congenital hypothyroidism due to dyshormonogenesis by regulating the Notch signalling pathway.

Background: In several countries, thyroid dyshormonogenesis is more common than thyroid dysgenesis in patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH). However, known pathogenic genes are limited to those directly involved in hormone biosynthesis. The aetiology and pathogenesis of thyroid dyshormonogenesis remain unknown in many patients.

Molecular Mechanisms of Noncoding RNA in the Occurrence of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Although several therapeutic options have been shown to improve survival of most patients with prostate cancer, progression to castration-refractory state continues to present challenges in clinics and scientific research. As a highly heterogeneous disease entity, the mechanisms of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are complicated and arise from multiple factors. Among them, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), the untranslated part of the human transcriptome, are closely related to almost all biological regulation, including tumor metabolisms, epigenetic modifications and immune escape, which has encouraged scientists to investigate their role in CRPC.

Development of human dermal PBPK models for the bisphenols BPA, BPS, BPF, and BPAF with parallel-layered skin compartment: Basing on dermal administration studies in humans.

Risk assessment of human exposure to bisphenols (BPs) including bisphenol A, S, F and AF (BPA, BPS, BPF and BPAF) have suggested that except for ingestion, health risk resulting from dermal contact is not negligible. However, the absorption kinetics of BPA substitutes in humans following dermal exposure have been poorly studied. This study aimed to address the knowledge gap in physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling of BPA and its high-concerned substitutes (BPS, BPF and BPAF) following dermal administration.

The Association between Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety, Quality of Life, and Diabetic Kidney Disease among Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Depression and anxiety are common comorbid symptoms among patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Little is known about the influence of poor psychological conditions on the disease progression and quality of life (QOL) in DKD patients. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of, and risk factors for, depression and anxiety in Chinese DKD patients, and to analyze their impact on the renal function, proteinuria, and QOL.