Microtopography-induced hydrological heterogeneity promotes the co-assembly of vascular plant and biocrust communities, providing synergistic protective functions for the Great Wall.

The Great Wall in China, constructed from rammed earth, faces threats from natural erosion. Vascular plants and biocrusts have enhanced the stability of the Great Wall through various mechanisms; however, understanding of the colonization processes of vascular plants and biocrusts on the wall, as well as their protective mechanisms, remains limited. This study investigated the vascular plant communities, biocrusts, soil moisture content, soil properties, aggregate mechanical stability, aggregate water stability, and soil erodibility factors across seven fine-scale microtopographies of the Great Wall (lower, middle, and upper zones on the east and west faces, as well as the wall crest).

Liver transplantation for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: a retrospective analysis from Chinese experience.

Background: Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HoFH) increases risk of premature cardiovascular events and cardiac death. In severe cases of HoFH, clinical signs and symptoms cannot be controlled well by non-surgical treatments, liver transplantation (LT) currently represents the viable option.

Method: To assess the clinical efficacy, prognosis, and optimal timing of LT for HoFH, a retrospective analysis was conducted on the preoperative, surgical conditions, and postoperative follow-up of children who received an LT for HoFH at the Beijing Friendship Hospital over the period from December 2014 to August 2022.

Single-cell Transcriptomics Reveals Intratumor Heterogeneity and the Potential Roles of Cancer Stem Cells and myCAFs in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis and Recurrence.

Metastasis and recurrence are the primary obstacles to long-term survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. In this study, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to comprehensively delineate the transcriptomic landscape of primary and liver metastatic CRCs, and revealed novel cellular crosstalk between cancer cell subpopulation and myofibroblastic CAFs (myCAFs) at single-cell resolution. We identified a cancer cell subpopulation termed stem/transient amplifying-like (stem/TA-like) cells, which expressed genes associated with stem cell-like characteristics and metastatic potential.

Functional characterization and protein engineering of a O-methyltransferase involved in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis of Stephania tetrandra.

Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are the primary active components of Stephania tetrandra. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying BIA biosynthesis in S. tetrandra remain poorly understood.

Fish scale gelatin/diatom biosilica composite hemostasis sponge with ultrafast dispersing and in situ gelation for hemorrhage control.

Rapid control of hemorrhage is vital in first-aid and surgery. As representative of emergency hemostatic materials, inorganic porous materials achieve rapid hemostasis through concentrating protein coagulation factors by water adsorption to accelerate the coagulation reaction process, however their efficacy is often limited by the insufficient contact of material with blood and the lack of blood clot strength. Herein, we report an ultrafast dispersing and in situ gelation sponge (SG/DB) based on anchoring interface effect for hemorrhage control using freeze drying method after mixing fish scale gel (SG) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) pre-crystallized diatom biosilica (DB).

Multidisciplinary management of early esophageal fistula after anterior cervical spine surgery: a case report emphasizing team-based care.

Background: Early esophageal fistula formation following anterior cervical spine surgery presents a formidable clinical challenge, necessitating astute rehabilitative nursing management. Such fistulas, if not promptly and effectively managed, can precipitate grave complications including mediastinitis, sepsis, respiratory failure, and, in severe instances, mortality. This underscores the critical need for immediate, comprehensive nursing interventions designed to mitigate these risks and enhance patient outcomes.

A novel framework for phage-host prediction via logical probability theory and network sparsification.

Bacterial resistance has emerged as one of the greatest threats to human health, and phages have shown tremendous potential in addressing the issue of drug-resistant bacteria by lysing host. The identification of phage-host interactions (PHI) is crucial for addressing bacterial infections. Some existing computational methods for predicting PHI are suboptimal in terms of prediction efficiency due to the limited types of available information.

Neuro-Behçet's disease: an update of clinical diagnosis, biomarkers and immunopathogenesis.

Neuro-Behçet's disease (NBD) is a more severe but rare symptom of Behçet's disease (BD), which is mainly divided into parenchymal NBD (p-NBD) involving brain stem, spinal cord, and cerebral cortex. Non-p-NBD manifests as intracranial aneurysm, cerebral venous thrombosis, peripheral nervous system injuries, and mixed parenchymal and non-parenchymal disease. P-NBD is pathologically characterized by perivasculitis presenting with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, elevated total protein, and central nervous system (CNS) infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils, which are subdivided into acute and chronic progressive stages according to relapsing-remitting courses and responses to steroids.

Characteristics of patients with non-severe infections of different SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants in China.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of patients infected with different Omicron subvariants presenting non-severe disease, evaluate the safety and efficacy of Azvudine for treatment of COVID-19, in order to broaden understanding of Omicron subvariant infections.

Method: A total of 244 individuals with Omicron subvariant (BA.2.

Optimization of a monochromatic clapper-yule spectral prediction model based on the single ink drop spreading behavior in inkjet printing.

In recent years, inkjet digital printing technology has become a popular research area. This paper focuses on the spreading behavior of single ink drops on coated paper in digital inkjet printing. It explores the impact of ink drop spreading on monochromatic spectral reflectance, providing new insights for the theoretical development of spectral prediction models.

Highly Efficient Analysis on Biomass Carbohydrate Mixtures by DREAMTIME NMR Spectroscopy.

Proton (H) NMR spectroscopy presents a powerful tool for biomass mixture studies by revealing the involved chemical compounds with identified ingredients and molecular structures. However, conventional H NMR generally suffers from spectral congestion when measuring biomass mixtures, particularly biomass carbohydrate samples, that contain various physically and chemically similar compounds. In this study, a targeted detection NMR approach, DREAMTIME, is exploited for studying biomass carbohydrate mixtures by spectroscopically targeting the desired compounds in separate 1D NMR spectra.

Predicting Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Low Back Pain Using Gene Signature-Based Machine Learning Models.

Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is a significant global health burden, with variable treatment outcomes and an unclear underlying molecular mechanism. Effective prediction of treatment responses remains a challenge. In this study, we aimed to develop gene signature-based machine learning models using transcriptomic data from peripheral immune cells to predict treatment outcomes in patients with LBP.

Evaluating the impact of Bt rice straw return on Eisenia fetida: AHP analysis, biomarkers, and Bt protein fate.

A 90-d laboratory experiment was carried out using Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) rice straws (BTTY and GK775) and non-Bt rice straws (MXZ2, HH1179, and HH38). The objective was to investigate the differences in the effects of Bt and non-Bt rice straws on the earthworm Eisenia fetida. The analytic hierarchy process was applied to assess the risk of returning rice straw to soil on E.

Shensu IV maintains the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier and exerts renal protective effects by regulating endogenous hydrogen sulfide levels.

Background: Nephrotic syndrome has a significant impact on global health, often leading to cardiovascular disease and high mortality due to limited effective treatments. This study investigates the efficacy of Shensu IV in a puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced rat model of nephropathy.

Methods: Rat models and podocyte PAN nephropathy models were established with PAN and treated with Shensu IV.

JZL-184 Alleviate Neurological Impairment through Regulation of Mitochondrial Transfer and Lipid Droplet Accumulation after Cardiac Arrest.

Astrocytes are abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that play important roles in brain injury following cardiac arrest (CA). Following brain ischemia, astrocytes trigger endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms, such as fatty acid transport. Lipid droplets (LDs) are cellular structures involved in neutral lipid storage and play essential roles in many biological processes.

A multi-strategy improved snake optimizer and its application to SVM parameter selection.

Support vector machine (SVM) is an effective classification tool and maturely used in various fields. However, its performance is very sensitive to parameters. As a newly proposed swarm intelligence algorithm, snake optimizer algorithm (SO) can help to solve the parameter selection problem.

The radiohumeral synovial plica: anatomy, histology, and implications in chronic lateral epicondylitis.

Objectives: Our study aimed to elucidate synovial plica (SP) of the elbow histological characteristics and the anatomical relationship with adjacent structures. Subsequently, we sought to assess the relationship between SP and clinical symptoms as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features in patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis.

Methods: MRI was performed on eight cadaveric elbows specimens.

Single-Cell Multiomics Reveals TCR Clonotype-Specific Phenotype and Stemness Heterogeneity of T-ALL Cells.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) is a heterogeneous malignant disease with high relapse and mortality rates. To characterise the multiomics features of T-ALL, we conducted integrative analyses using single-cell RNA, TCR and chromatin accessibility sequencing on pre- and post-treatment peripheral blood and bone marrow samples of the same patients. We found that there is transcriptional rewiring of gene regulatory networks in T-ALL cells.

Hydrothermal pretreatment for enhanced thermochemical or biochemical conversion of pharmaceutical biowastes into fuels, fertilizers, and carbon materials.

Pharmaceutical biowastes, rich in organic matter and high in moisture, are typical light industry byproducts with waste and renewable attributes. Thermochemical and biochemical conversion technologies transform these residues into value-added bioproducts, including biofuels, biofertilizers, and bio-carbon materials. Hydrothermal pretreatment effectively removes toxic substances and enhances feedstock for these processes.

Dissipation-induced nonreciprocal magnon entanglement and one-way steering in waveguide electromagnonics.

We propose a scheme to generate nonreciprocal entanglement and one-way steering between two distant ferrimagnetic microspheres in waveguide electromagnonics, where the magnon modes of two yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres are simultaneously coupled to each other through coherent and dissipative interactions. By matching the coherent interaction with its corresponding dissipative counterpart, unidirectional coupling between two magnon modes can be realized, and then in the presence of significant Kerr nonlinearities, we can obtain strong entanglement and one-way steering. Depending on the direction of the microwave propagation, the long-distance entanglement and steering can be generated nonreciprocally.

Proteome-Wide Analysis of Antibody Responses in Asymptomatic Omicron BA.2-Infected Individuals at the Amino Acid Resolution.

Humoral immunity plays a critical role in clearing SARS-CoV-2 during viral invasion. However, the proteome-wide characteristics of antibody responses in individuals infected with Omicron variant, both asymptomatic and symptomatic, remain poorly understood. We profiled the serum antibodies from 108 individuals, including healthy controls and those infected with Omicron BA.

Downregulation of MLF1 safeguards cardiomyocytes against senescence-associated chromatin opening.

Aging-associated cardiac hypertrophy (AACH) increases susceptibility to heart failure in the elderly. Chromatin remodeling contributes to the gene reprogramming in AACH; however, the intrinsic regulations remain elusive. We performed a transcriptome analysis for AACH in comparison with pressure-overload-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy in mice and identified myeloid leukemia factor 1 (MLF1) as an aging-sensitive factor whose expression was reduced during aging but could be reversed by anti-aging administrations.

The Molecular Mechanism Investigation of HBP-A Slows Down Meniscus Hypertrophy and Mineralisation by the Damage Mechanical Model.

HBP-A is the main active component of a traditional Chinese medicine Huaizhen Yanggan Capsule, for the remarkable treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This study aimed to elucidate the ameliorative effect of HBP-A on meniscus hypertrophy and mineralisation in KOA and the molecular mechanism of its action. An Hartley guinea pig model of KOA that underwent anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) and a model of rat primary meniscus fibrochondrocytes (PMFs) were used to investigate the ameliorative effect of HBP-A on meniscal hypertrophy and calcification and its signal transduction mechanism of action.