Comparative Analysis of the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer.

Objective: The aim of this work was to demonstrate capabilities of diffusion tensor imaging as a diagnostic tool for prostate cancer in comparison with the apparent diffusion coefficient.

Methods: 364 patients with suspected prostate cancer underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging including diffusion tensor imaging.

Results: The anatomical structure of the prostate obtained on T2-weighted imaging was compared with the apparent diffusion coefficient and diffusion tensor imaging maps.

CT volume analysis in living donor liver transplantation: accuracy of three different approaches.

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study is to compare and evaluate accuracy of three different approaches of liver volume quantification in living donor transplantations.

Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective study of 60 donors. The total and right lobe liver volumes were analyzed in the portal-venous phase by two independent radiologists who estimated the volumes using manual, semi-automated and automated segmentation methods.

Lung Cancer Screening With Low-dose Chest Computed Tomography: Experience From Radon-contaminated Regions in Kazakhstan.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to present the baseline results of a pilot project conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of lung cancer screening using low-dose chest computed tomography (CT) in regions with excessive radon levels in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Methods: In total, 3671 participants were screened by low-dose chest CT. Current, former, and never-smokers who resided in regions with elevated levels of radon in drinking water sources and indoor air, aged between 40 and 75 with no history of any cancer, and weighing less than 140 kg were included in the study.

Natural killer cell activity level in colorectal cancer screening in an average risk population.

Introduction: Increased natural killer cell activity (NKCA) is linked to reduced risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Several prior studies have investigated the association of NKCA and the incidence of CRC in high-risk subjects. The aim of our study was to investigate NKCA sensitivity in diagnosing advanced neoplasia (AN) and CRC in an average risk population.

Ultrasound-based evaluation of the prevalence of abdominal cystic echinococcosis in the Turkestan region of Kazakhstan.

Background: Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. CE is known to be endemic in some parts of Central Asia. We present findings from an ultrasound-based survey to estimate the prevalence of CE in the Turkestan oblast of Kazakhstan.

Colorectal Cancer Screening with Computed Tomography Colonography: Single Region Experience in Kazakhstan.

Background/aims: The aim of our study was to determine the efficacy of computed tomography colonography (CTC) in screening for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: A total of 612 females and 588 males aged 45 to 75 years were enrolled in CTC screening. CTC was performed following standard bowel preparation and colonic insufflation with carbon dioxide.

Single-centre evaluation and staging of rectal carcinoma on a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and correlation with histological profile.

Purpose: To assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of rectal carcinoma in correlation with pathology, and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 3-Tesla MRI.

Material And Methods: A total of 86 patients were included. 3T MR imaging was conducted pre-operatively, with imaging data correlated to pathology results.

Contrast-enhanced spectral mammography without and with a delayed image for diagnosing malignancy among mass lesions in dense breast.

Aim Of The Study: To analyse the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) based on morphologic and enhancement patterns of mass lesions in dense breast using different protocols: CESM without delayed image and CESM with delayed image.

Material And Methods: A total of 151 informed women with suspicious for malignancy mass lesions in dense breast were included in this study. All of them underwent CESM using 2 protocols.

Incidence Rates of Surgically Managed Cystic Echinococcosis in Kazakhstan, 2007-2016.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of the cestode . The parasite typically infects dogs and ungulates, with humans acting as dead-end hosts. Information on the epidemiology of CE is lacking from Central Asia, including from Kazakhstan where CE cases are reported centrally.

Cystic Echinococcosis of the Bone in Kazakhstan.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic zoonosis caused by primarily affecting the liver and lungs. CE of the bone is by far the most debilitating form of the disease and is very difficult to manage as it mimics malignant tumors. We reviewed bone CE cases admitted to a reference oncological hospital in Kazakhstan from January 2010 to February 2017.