Identification of Giant Isoforms of Obscurin in Rat Striated Muscles Using Polyclonal Antibodies.

Using produced polyclonal antibodies specific to the N-terminal sequence (residues 61-298) of rat obscurin, we investigated the isoform composition of this protein in 4 striated muscles: myocardium of the left ventricle, diaphragm, skeletal m. gastrocnemius (containing mainly fast fibers), and m. soleus (containing mainly slow fibers).

Improving the Stability and Effectiveness of Immunotropic Squalene Nanoemulsion by Adding Turpentine Oil.

Turpentine oil, owing to the presence of 7-50 terpenes, has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, anticoagulant, antioxidant, and antitumor properties, which are important for medical emulsion preparation. The addition of turpentine oil to squalene emulsions can increase their effectiveness, thereby reducing the concentration of expensive and possibly deficient squalene, and increasing its stability and shelf life. In this study, squalene emulsions were obtained by adding various concentrations of turpentine oil via high-pressure homogenization, and the safety and effectiveness of the obtained emulsions were studied in vitro and in vivo.

ONC201-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Senescence-like Phenotype, and Sensitization of Cultured BT474 Human Breast Cancer Cells to TRAIL.

ONC201, the anticancer drug, targets and activates mitochondrial ATP-dependent caseinolytic peptidase P (ClpP), a serine protease located in the mitochondrial matrix. Given the promise of ONC201 in cancer treatment, we evaluated its effects on the breast ductal carcinoma cell line (BT474). We showed that the transient single-dose treatment of BT474 cells by 10 µM ONC201 for a period of less than 48 h induced a reversible growth arrest and a transient activation of an integrated stress response indicated by an increased expression of CHOP, ATF4, and GDF-15, and a reduced number of mtDNA nucleoids.

The effect of apolipoprotein A-I and perfluorocarbon emulsion on the production of specific antibodies in mice.

Adjuvants are often required to improve the potentially low immunogenicity of vaccines. In this study, it is proposed to use an emulsion based on fluorocarbons as an adjuvant. Since this emulsion adsorbs only a small range of proteins, apolipoprotein A-I (ApoAI) was used as an anchor.

Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases 4 and 5 Reduces Titin Proteolysis and Prevents Reduction of TTN Gene Expression in Atrophied Rat Soleus Muscle after Seven-Day Hindlimb Unloading.

The effect of HDACs 4 and 5 on the level of atrophy, calpain-1 and titin content, and TTN gene expression in rat soleus after 7-day gravitational unloading (hindlimb suspension model) was studied. The development of atrophic changes induced by gravitational unloading in rat soleus was accompanied by an increase in the calpain-1 content, an increase in titin proteolysis, and a decrease in the mRNA content of the protein. Inhibition of HDACs 4 and 5 did not eliminate the development of unloading-induced atrophy but significantly prevented proteolysis of titin and the decrease in the TTN gene expression.

Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 1 Prevents the Decrease in Titin (Connectin) Content and Development of Atrophy in Rat m. soleus after 3-Day Hindlimb Unloading.

We studied the effect of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) inhibition on titin content and expression of TTN gene in rat m. soleus after 3-day gravitational unloading. Male Wistar rats weighing 210±10 g were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, 3-day hindlimb suspension, and 3-day hindlimb suspension and injection of HDAC1 inhibitor CI-994 (1 mg/kg/day).

The effect of a mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium fraction on morphological characteristics of hepatocytes in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: a preliminary study.

In our studies, it was shown that the effectiveness of the conditioned medium obtained by cultivating mesenchymal stem cells depends on the microenvironment conditions used to cultivate the cells. It was demonstrated that the conditioned medium obtained by culturing cells with low oxygen content (10%) has a much more pronounced protective effect. Protein compositions obtained from MSCs cultured under hypoxic (10% O hc-MSC) and normal (21% O nc-MSC) conditions were used to treat acute liver failure (ALF) induced in mice by acetaminophen injection.

[Differences in Titin and Nebulin Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscles of Rats Chronically Alcoholized by Different Methods].

This work studied the changes in the levels of the main proteins of the calpain system (μ-calpain, Ca^(2+)-dependent protease, and fragments of its autolysis, inhibitor calpastatin) and μ-calpain substrates (giant proteins of the sarcomere cytoskeleton, titin and nebulin) in skeletal muscle (m. gastrocnemius, m. soleus, m.

[Blood plasma protein adsorption capacity of perfluorocarbon emulsion stabilized by proxanol 268 (in vitro and in vivo studies)].

The adsorption abilities of the perfluorocarbon emulsion stabilized by Proxanol 268 were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the saturation point for the blood plasma proteins was nearly reached after five minutes of incubation of the emulsion with human/rabbit blood plasma and was stable for all incubation periods studied. The decrease in volume ratio (emulsion/plasma) was accompanied by the increase in the adsorptive capacity of the emulsion with maximal values at 1/10 (3.

[Mechanisms of human plasma proteins adsorption on the surface of perfluorocarbon emulsion stabilized with proxanol 268].

It has been shown that sorption of most proteins with the molecular weight lower than 200 kDa from human blood plasma on the surface of perfluorocarbon emulsion, stabilized with proxanol 268, is mainly based on hydrophobic interaction, whereas sorption of immunoglobulin G is mainly the result of electrostatic interaction. The removal of lipidic components from plasma leads to the increase of a total amount of adsorbed proteins by 35%. Particularly, when lipidic components are removed, sorption of apolipoprotein AI and immunoglobulin G is considerably bettered as well as sorption of other proteins with the molecular weight of about 50 and 60 kDa occurs.