Synthesis of CF-Indazoles via Rh(III)-Catalyzed C-H [4+1] Annulation of Azobenzenes with CF-Imidoyl Sulfoxonium Ylides.

An efficient Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H activation of azobenzenes and subsequent [4+1] cascade annulation with CF-imidoyl sulfoxonium ylides was developed, yielding diverse CF-indazoles. This protocol featured easily available starting materials, excellent functional group tolerance and high efficiency. Moreover, the antitumor activities of selected CF-indazoles against human cancer cell lines were also studied, and the results indicated that several compounds displayed considerable antiproliferative activities.

Condition-Controlled Rh(III)-Catalyzed Chemodivergent Cyclization of 2-Arylpyridines with CF-Imidoyl Sulfoxonium Ylides via Triple C-H Activation.

A condition-controlled Rh(III)-catalyzed selective synthesis of CF-substituted indoles and pyrido[2,1-]isoindoles from 2-arylpyridines and CF-imidoyl sulfoxonium ylides has been developed. The Cp*Rh(MeCN)(SbF)/HFIP system afforded CF-substituted indoles via triple C-H activation, while the [Cp*RhCl]/MeCN condition selectively furnished CF-substituted pyrido[2,1-]isoindoles through C-H [4 + 1] annulation. The notable advantages of this developed method included readily available starting materials, broad substrate scope, and excellent chemoselectivity.

Identification of the locus controlling leaf rolling and its application in maize breeding.

Unlabelled: Increasing planting density is one of the most important strategies for generating higher maize yields. Moderate leaf rolling decreases mutual shading of leaves and increases the photosynthesis of the population and hence increases the tolerance for high-density planting. Few genes that control leaf rolling in maize have been identified, however, and their applicability for breeding programs remains unclear.

Crops3D: a diverse 3D crop dataset for realistic perception and segmentation toward agricultural applications.

Point cloud analysis is a crucial task in computer vision. Despite significant advances over the past decade, the developments in agricultural domain have faced challenges due to a scarcity of datasets. To facilitate 3D point cloud research in agriculture community, we introduce Crops3D, the diverse real-world dataset derived from authentic agricultural scenarios.

Health impacts of asphalt emissions: Examining neurological risks and the need for long-term exposure mitigation.

Asphalt, widely used in infrastructure, emits complex chemical mixtures throughout its service life, posing significant risks to human health and the environment. This expanded understanding extends the concern from a construction-related hazard to a broader public health issue, especially affecting vulnerable populations like children who play on blacktop surfaces. Despite increased awareness, the specific mechanisms behind asphalt emissions, their impact on asphalt deterioration, and their effects on the human nervous system remain poorly understood.

An accurate IDMS-based method for absolute quantification of phytohemagglutinin, a major antinutritional component in common bean.

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA), a natural tetramer comprising PHA-E and PHA-L subunits that preferentially bind to red and white blood cells, respectively, constitutes a significant antinutritional and allergenic factor in common bean seeds. The accurate measurement of PHA content is a prerequisite for ensuring food safety inspections and facilitating genetic improvements in common bean cultivars with reduced PHA levels. Currently, mainstream methods for PHA quantification involve hemagglutination assays and immunodetection, but these methods often require fresh animal blood and lack specificity and accuracy.

Downregulation of tRNA methyltransferase FTSJ1 by PM2.5 promotes glycolysis and malignancy of NSCLC via facilitating PGK1 expression and translation.

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure has been associated with increased incidence and mortality of lung cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PM2.

[Comparison of microdrill versus diode laser in endoscopic stapedotomy].

To compare the surgical time, auditory outcomes and safety between microdrill and diode laser in endoscopic stapedotomy. The data of patients with otosclerosis who underwent endoscopic stapedotomy in Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University from January 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into microdrill group and laser group according to treatment method.

Quantitative Classification and Prediction of Starkrimson Pear Maturity by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy.

Scientific evaluation of pear maturity is important for commercial reasons. Near-infrared spectroscopy is a non-destructive method that could be used for rapid assessment of pear maturity. The aim of this study was to develop a reasonable and effective method for the assessment of Starkrimson pear maturity using near-infrared technology.

Cellular and Molecular Basis of Environment-Induced Color Change in a Tree Frog.

Background color matching is essential for camouflage and thermoregulation in ectothermic vertebrates, yet several key cellular-level questions remain unresolved. For instance, it is unclear whether the number of chromatophores or the activity of individual chromatophores plays a more critical role in this process. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying color change in , which adapted to its background by displaying light-green skin on white and black skin on black within two days.

Intra-individual variability in voiding diaries of children with enuresis.

Background: Children with enuresis are often requested to complete voiding diaries in the diagnostic process. There is no consensus on the optimal number of days of registration in the voiding diary that would allow correct patient characterization.

Objectives: To examine the intra-individual variation in the parameters yielded from voiding diaries and evaluate if one week of registration is sufficient when evaluating the nocturnal urine production (NUP) and maximum voided volume (MVV) in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE).

Study on gasification reaction and energy conversion characteristics of the entrained flow coal gasification based on chemical kinetics simulation.

Coal gasification that converts coal into syngas is a promising technology for efficient and clean utilization of coal. Current simulations of coal gasification are mostly based on equilibrium reactions, which cannot reflect the residence time and carbon conversion rate. In this paper, the reliable chemical kinetics simulation of the coal gasification is carried out considering the solid residence time and the effects of the main parameters on the gasification performance are analyzed.

Baicalin alleviates intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating ferroptosis mediated by nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/Glutathione peroxidase 4 signaling pathway.

Baicalin, a predominant bioactive flavonoid derived from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has garnered significant attention. Ferroptosis, a relatively novel form of programmed cell death, implicates critical signaling pathways, notably those involving nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4). Consequently, this study aims is to elucidate whether baicalin mitigates intestinal tissue damage by modulating the Nrf2-Gpx4 signaling pathway in the context of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (II/R) injury, thereby influencing iron deposition.

Enzymatic Synthesis of a Polyketide/Nonribosomal Peptide Hybrid Antibiotic, Salivabactin.

Salivabactin is a newly identified polyketide/nonribosomal peptide (PK/NRP) from a human oral probiotic, possessing a unique chemical structure and outstanding antibiotic activities. Although the biosynthetic gene cluster for salivabactin is known, the enzymatic logic that governs the synthesis of salivabactin has not yet been fully studied. In this work, we dissected the biosynthetic pathway for salivabactin using biochemical analysis.

Identification of the First Case of Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma in Amphibians: Insights from .

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a rare and aggressive type of cancer primarily reported in humans, with no documented cases in animals. In this study, we present the first case of DDLPS in a wild amphibian species, . The tumor was discovered during a routine examination and diagnosed through a combination of advanced diagnostic methods, including micro-CT imaging, gross anatomical inspection, histological analysis, and immunohistochemistry.

Inhibition of RtTg neurons reverses methamphetamine-induced attention deficits.

Chronic methamphetamine (METH) use, a prevalent psychostimulant, is known to impair attention, yet the cellular mechanisms driving these deficits remain poorly understood. Here, we employed a rat model of repeated passive METH injections and evaluated attentional performance using the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT). Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization, we characterized the response of neurons in the reticulotegmental nucleus (RtTg) to METH exposure.

Challenges and improvements in multi-layer mucosa-adhesive films for oral diseases treatment and prognosis.

Due to the complexity of oral physiology and pathology, the treatment of oral diseases faces multiple and complex clinical requirements. Mucosa-adhesive films (MAFs) with a single layer have demonstrated considerable potential in delivering therapeutic bioactive ingredients directly to the site of oral diseases. However, their functions are often hindered by certain factors such as limited loading capacity, poor site specificity, and sensitivity to mechanical stimuli.

Comparative Analysis of the Therapeutic Effects of MSCs From Umbilical Cord, Bone Marrow, and Adipose Tissue and Investigating the Impact of Oxidized RNA on Radiation-Induced Lung Injury.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is frequently observed in patients undergoing radiotherapy for thoracic malignancies, constituting a significant complication that hampers the effectiveness and utilization of tumor treatments. Ionizing radiation exerts both direct and indirect detrimental effects on cellular macromolecules, including DNA, RNA and proteins, but the impact of oxidized RNA in RILI remains inadequately explored. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can repair injured tissues, and the reparative potential and molecular mechanism of MSCs in treating RILI remains incompletely understood.

Prothioconazole Stress Reduces Bacterial Richness and Alters Enzyme Activity in Soybean Rhizosphere.

Prothioconazole (PTC) is currently a popular triazole fungicide. In recent years, as the use of PTC has increased, there has been growing concern about its environmental and toxicological effects. Here, we studied the effect of PTC on the growth of soybean plants and further analyzed the enzyme activity and microbial community of rhizosphere soil after PTC treatment through 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and fungal ITS.

LC-MS/MS-based quantitative method and metrological traceability technology for measuring components of animal origin in beef and lamb and their products.

Establishing a quantitative detection method for adulterated meat products is crucial for ensuring food safety. However, due to the lack of metrological traceability in current quantitative methods, poor reliability and comparability always occur when measuring adulterated meat. Therefore, this study established an accurate quantitative method with metrological traceability for the quantitative analysis of pork and duck meat added to beef, lamb, and their products.