Transcriptomic analysis of human cartilage identified potential therapeutic targets for hip osteoarthritis.

Cartilage degradation is the hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this study was to identify and validate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in human articular cartilage that could serve as potential therapeutic targets for hip OA. We performed transcriptomic profiling in a discovery cohort (12 OA-free and 72 hip OA-affected cartilage) and identified 179 DEGs between OA-free and OA-affected cartilage after correcting for multiple testing (P < 2.

Direct Photocatalytic Oxidation of Methane to Formic Acid with High Selectivity via a Concerted Proton-Electron Transfer Process.

Light-driven direct conversion of methane to formic acid is a promising approach to convert methane to value-added chemicals and promote sustainability. However, this process remains challenging due to the complex requirements for multiple protons and electrons. Herein, we report the design of WO-based photocatalysts modified with Pt active sites to address this challenge.

The association of Serum Klotho with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and prognosis in general population: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016.

Background: Previous studies have extensively investigated traditional predictors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, progression, and prognosis. However, the influence of novel indicators such as Klotho, on CVD prevalence and prognosis in the general population remains unclear.

Method: This was an observational study that utilized cross-sectional and longitudinal methods to examine the general population in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016.

A randomized study on the impact of optimized modified ultrafiltration on the physiological parameters of infants and children undergoing a cardiopulmonary bypass.

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of optimized modified ultrafiltration (OMUF) on the physiological parameters of infants and children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).

Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 30 pediatric patients were recruited and allocated into the experimental and control groups, each comprising of 15 patients. The experimental group underwent OMUF prior to the termination of CPB and extubation, while the control group received conventional modified ultrafiltration (MUF).

Characterization of Feeding Behaviors, Appetite Regulation and Growth Performance of All-Female (+/-;XX Genotype) Common Carp ().

Genome editing has the potential to improve growth and traits of aquatic animals. Assessment of the feeding habits of the genetically modified farmed fish is necessary, as this is closely related to the assessment of their growth performance, which is one of the most important economic traits. Previously, we developed a novel strategy to produce all-female (AF) common carp (+/-;XX genotype) with genome editing, which exhibited a growth advantage compared to the control carp (including control male and female carp).

The Relationships Between Short Video Usage and Subjective Well-Being: Mediation Models and Network Analysis.

On short video platforms, individuals can not only passively browse videos but also actively engage in behaviors such as liking and commenting on videos. However, the mechanisms by how active and passive usage of short videos affect subjective well-being remains unclear. Thus, this study aims to explore these mechanisms through path analysis and network analysis.

Plasma neuropeptide Y levels and adverse clinical outcomes after acute ischaemic stroke.

Background And Purpose: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been reported to be involved in the pathophysiology of several cardiovascular disease processes and might contribute to the incidence of stroke, but the prognostic utility of circulating NPY after acute ischaemic stroke is unclear. This study aimed to prospectively examine the association between plasma NPY levels and adverse clinical outcomes after acute ischaemic stroke.

Methods: Plasma NPY levels were measured in 3250 patients (2066 men and 1184 women) from the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischaemic Stroke.

Integrated network pharmacology and transcriptomics to reveal the mechanism of Passiflora against depressive disorder: An observational study.

Relevant studies have pointed out that Passiflora could relieve depressive disorder (DD) related symptoms, such as anxiety and insomnia, but its mechanism in DD has not been reported. In this study, DD-related transcriptome data was extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Subsequently, 50 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by "limma," and the enrichment analysis of these DEGs revealed that they were associated with neuro-inflammatory-related signaling pathways, including IL-17, TNF, NF-kappa B, etc signaling pathways.

Metallic protection of soil carbon: divergent drainage effects in vs. non- wetlands.

The established paradigm assumes that drainage may decrease the vast soil organic carbon (SOC) reservoir in global wetlands. Yet drainage can also promote SOC stabilization by fostering the accrual of metal-bound organic carbon (bound OC) upon oxygen exposure. Here, this emergent mechanism is tested for the first time at a regional scale, using literature data and a nationwide, pairwise survey of drained wetlands across China.

A Comparative Analysis of Responses of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots in Special Needs Dentistry.

To evaluate the accuracy and consistency of chatbots in answering questions related to special needs dentistry. Nine publicly accessible chatbots, including Google Bard, ChatGPT 4, ChatGPT 3.5, Llama, Sage, Claude 2 100k, Claude-instant, Claude-instant-100k, and Google PaLM, were evaluated on their ability to answer a set of 25 true/false questions related to special needs dentistry and 15 questions for syndrome diagnosis based on their oral manifestations.

Drug loaded marine polysaccharides-based hydrogel dressings for treating skin burns.

Marine polysaccharide-based biomaterials possess a range of excellent functions and properties, such as antiviral, antioxidant, immune regulation, and promoting cell migration, and are widely used in modern medicine. In this study, a marine polysaccharide-based composite hydrogel was synthesized using carboxymethyl chitosan and oxidized fucoidan as matrix, and loads therapeutic drugs for the treatment of burn wounds infected with bacteria. The composite hydrogels can slowly release drugs at the wound site, providing a long-lasting therapeutic effect including antibacterial, antioxidant, and analgesic, in this way to facilitate the restoring of infected burn wounds by inhibiting bacterial infections, promoting cell migration, facilitating collagen regeneration, and restoring the abnormal alteration of factors such as IL-1β and CD86.

Effect and mechanism of novel HDAC inhibitor ZDLT-1 in colorectal cancer by regulating apoptosis and inflammation.

Background: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) is a potential target for Colorectal Cancer (CRC) molecular target therapy, dehydroharmine derivative ZDLT-1 was designed to inhibit CRC cell proliferation by inhibiting HDAC target. This study aimed to explore the effect of ZDLT-1 could induce apoptosis in CRC in vitro and in vivo, and determine the mechanism of ZDLT-1.

Methods: First, MTT assay, colony formation, wound healing, Transwell assay, Hoechst33342 staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay were used to investigate the in vitro effect of ZDLT-1.

Role of viral hepatitis in pregnancy and its triggering mechanism.

Hepatitis viral infection can cause severe complications, even mortality in pregnant women and their offspring. Multiple studies have shown that vertical transmission can cause viral hepatitis infections in newborns, especially in hepatitis B, C, and E. Screening for hepatitis viral infection in pregnant women is essential.

Multi-Omics Integrative Analyses Identified Two Endotypes of Hip Osteoarthritis.

(1) Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous disorder, and subgroup classification of OA remains elusive. The aim of our study was to identify endotypes of hip OA and investigate the altered pathways in the different endotypes. (2) Methods: Metabolomic profiling and genome-wide genotyping were performed on fasting blood.

Direct asymmetric synthesis of β-branched aromatic α-amino acids using engineered phenylalanine ammonia lyases.

β-Branched aromatic α-amino acids are valuable building blocks in natural products and pharmaceutically active compounds. However, their chemical or enzymatic synthesis is challenging due to the presence of two stereocenters. We design phenylalanine ammonia lyases (PAL) variants for the direct asymmetric synthesis of β-branched aromatic α-amino acids.

How is Visual Attention Influenced by Text Guidance? Database and Model.

The analysis and prediction of visual attention have long been crucial tasks in the fields of computer vision and image processing. In practical applications, images are generally accompanied by various text descriptions, however, few studies have explored the influence of text descriptions on visual attention, let alone developed visual saliency prediction models considering text guidance. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive study on text-guided image saliency (TIS) from both subjective and objective perspectives.

Group Response-Adaptive Randomization With Delayed and Missing Responses.

Response-adaptive randomization (RAR) procedures have been extensively studied in the literature, but most of the procedures rely on updating the randomization after each response, which is impractical in many clinical trials. In this article, we propose a new family of RAR procedures that dynamically update based on the responses of a group of individuals, either when available or at fixed time intervals (weekly or biweekly). We show that the proposed design retains the essential theoretical properties of Hu and Zhang's doubly adaptive biased coin designs (DBCD), and performs well in scenarios involving delayed and randomly missing responses.