Application of a new composite genetic marker semen-specific methylation-microhaplotype in the analysis of semen-vaginal fluid mixtures.

DNA mixtures containing semen and vaginal fluid are common biological samples in forensic analysis. However, the analysis of semen-vaginal fluid mixtures remains challenging. In this study, to solve these problems, it is proposed to combine semen-specific CpG sites and closely related microhaplotype sites to form a new composite genetic marker (semen-specific methylation-microhaplotype).

Chloroplast Genome Sequencing and Comparative Analysis of Six Medicinal Plants of .

The genus boasts abundant germplasm resources and comprises numerous species. Among these, medicinal plants of this genus, which have a long history, have garnered attention of scholars. This study sequenced and analyzed the chloroplast genomes of six species of medicinal plants (, , , , , and , respectively) to explore their interspecific relationships.

Phthalates in the environment of China: A scoping review of distribution, anthropogenic impact, and degradation based on meta-analysis.

Phthalates (PAEs) are a group of endocrine-disrupting environmental chemicals (EEDs) that pose significant risks to human health. PAEs are widespread in various environmental media, including air, dust, water, and soil, and are subject to both horizontal and vertical migration. Human activities significantly influence the distribution of PAEs, yet current research on this relationship remains limited.

Rapid and Accurate Detection of (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined with Lateral Flow Dipstick.

Estimating the postmortem interval (PMI) is critical in the field of forensic science, and necrophagous insects play a significant role in this process. (Fabricius) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is a common necrophagous insect species, making its rapid and accurate identification essential. However, commonly used molecular biology methods, such as DNA barcode, still have some limitations in identifying necrophagous insects as they are often complex, time-consuming, and reliant on laboratory instruments.

Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in China, 2014-2021.

Introduction: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen associated with various nosocomial infections and is known for its intrinsic multidrug resistance. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology and resistance patterns of S. maltophilia in China from 2014 to 2021.

Global and regional burden of bloodstream infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in 2019: A systematic analysis from the MICROBE database.

Objectives: To quantify the global and regional burden of bloodstream infections associated with and attributable to carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

Methods: We extracted data from the Measuring Infectious Causes and Resistance Outcomes for Burden Estimation database, which includes the estimated burden of 23 pathogens and 88 pathogen-drug combinations across 12 major infectious syndromes globally in 2019. The number and rate of deaths, as well as disability-adjusted life-years linked to bloodstream infections, were systematically analyzed.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin modulates T cell response and improves cardiac repair post-myocardial infarction.

Background: The inflammatory response is associated with cardiac repair and ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). The key inflammation regulatory factor thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) plays a critical role in various diseases. However, its role in cardiac repair after MI remains uncertain.

Exploration and application of microorganisms related to the inference of the time since deposition (TsD) in semen and blood stains.

Determining the time since deposition (TsD) of body fluid stains can provide crucial criminal information to forensic researchers. Although there are studies on inferring residual time through DNA and RNA markers, this requires high sample quality, and microorganisms, as a new type of marker with individual and tissue identification capabilities, have the potential for body fluid recognition and TsD inference. Blood and semen are the most common types of bodily fluid stains at crime scenes, but research on the inference of the TsD of these two types of stains through microorganisms still needs to be explored.

A rapid identification system for vaginal fluid stains based on nested recombinant polymerase amplification and lateral flow dipstick.

In forensic practice, identifying the species of unknown bodily fluid stains can provide assistance in the qualitative analysis and investigation of cases, and vaginal fluid stains, as one of the common bodily fluid stains, are most commonly seen at the scene of sexual assault. At present, the commonly used vaginal peptidase or microscopic detection methods currently have drawbacks such as high false negative rates, poor sensitivity, and high requirements for sample integrity and background color. However, in forensic investigations, the test materials have specificity and scarcity, making it difficult to ensure their quantity and quality.

Enhancing Flexibility, Long-Term Stability, and Efficiency in Full Air Fabricated Perovskite Solar Cells via Multifunctional Fluorinated Polyurethane Additives.

Perovskite films often suffer from surface and grain boundary defects, including uncoordinated ions, lattice distortions, and dangling bonds, coupled with lattice distortions due to solvent volatilization anisotropy and the thermal expansion coefficient. Such defects severely compromise both the photovoltaic efficiency and long-term solar cell stability. Here, fluorinated polyurethane (FPU) was synthesized and introduced into the perovskite precursor as a multifunctional additive.

Impact of colorectal cancer screening by primary tumor location in a real-world setting in Japan.

The objective of this retrospective observational study was to investigate the impact of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) as colorectal cancer (CRC) screening by primary tumor location. We compared the risk of requiring treatment for advanced disease and total medical costs per patient between CRC patients who underwent FOBT within 1 year before initial treatment for CRC and those who did not, using the JMDC Claims database, large-scale health insurance claims and checkup data in Japan. Treatment for advanced disease was defined as (1) nonendoscopic therapy or (2) chemotherapy or radiotherapy, performed during the follow-up period.

Comparative Analysis of the Morphological Traits of Cucumis melo Seed Remains Discovered in the Graveyard of the Haihun Marquis in Nanchang and Modern C. melo Seeds Using Scanning Electron Microscopy.

The graveyard of the Haihun Marquis in Nanchang is the largest and best-preserved Han Dynasty mausoleum discovered in China. Within the tomb's beam bank (M1), archaeologists have uncovered a variety of plant remains, such as melon seeds, the traits and origins of which warrant timely investigation. Cucumis melo L.

Pathogenesis and Clinical Characteristics of Hereditary Arrhythmia Diseases.

Hereditary arrhythmias, as a class of cardiac electrophysiologic abnormalities caused mainly by genetic mutations, have gradually become one of the most important causes of sudden cardiac death in recent years. With the continuous development of genetics and molecular biology techniques, the study of inherited arrhythmias has made remarkable progress in the past few decades. More and more disease-causing genes are being identified, and there have been advances in the application of genetic testing for disease screening in individuals with disease and their family members.

Bayesian Probabilistic Inference of Nonparametric Distance Distributions in DEER Spectroscopy.

Double electron-electron resonance (DEER) spectroscopy measures distance distributions between spin labels in proteins, yielding important structural and energetic information about conformational landscapes. Analysis of an experimental DEER signal in terms of a distance distribution is a nontrivial task due to the ill-posed nature of the underlying mathematical inversion problem. This work introduces a Bayesian probabilistic inference approach to analyze DEER data, assuming a nonparametric distance distribution with a Tikhonov smoothness prior.

Optimization on overall performance of Modified Ultrafine Cementitious Grout Materials (MUCG) and hydration mechanism analysis.

Given the challenges encountered in injecting grout into micro-cracked rock masses, a modified ultrafine cementitious grout material (MUCG) was developed using ultrafine cement, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers, and a high-efficiency superplasticizer. To identify the optimal ratio of constituents for grouting these rock masses, extreme difference and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted based on test results of flowability and mechanical properties. A mix comprising 9% silica fume, 0.

Synthetic nanomaterials for spleen-specific mRNA delivery.

In recent years, mRNA vaccine has achieved increasing interest owing to its high potency, safety, ease of production, and low-cost manufacturing. Currently approved mRNA vaccines are administered intramuscularly to transfect local antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to initiate low to moderate immune responses. Spleen, the largest secondary lymphoid organ in the body which contains a large number of APCs close to B and T lymphocytes, could be the ideal site for effective initiation of an enhanced immune response.

Exploring the influence of rock bridge angle on the rock secant modulus.

Rock can undergo shape deformation and damage due to the influence of joint fissures, and the range of damage caused by joints at different rock bridge angles varies. To study the influence of rock bridge angle on the size effect of rock secant modulus, this paper adopts the principle of regression analysis and combines numerical simulation to carry out relevant research. The research results indicate that: (1) As the rock bridge angle increases, the secant modulus gradually decreases, following a power function relationship.