IgG Stimulates the Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Modifies Their Structure.

We studied the neutrophils and monocytes obtained from 37 patients with various inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, acute infectious process in the abdominal cavity (acute appendicitis/abscess of the abdominal cavity, and acute cholecystitis), acute pancreatitis, and post-COVID syndrome after mild COVID infection. The number and the morphological structure of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) as well as the effect of IgG on NET were examined. NET were visualized and counted by fluorescence microscopy with fluorescent dye SYBR Green.

[Questionnaire of the Ryzhikh National Medical Research Centre for Coloproctology is a new tool for assessing chronic pelvic pain and pelvic organ dysfunction].

The article presents the work of a multidisciplinary team of experts from various fields of medicine to optimize the «Questionnaire for assessing chronic pelvic pain and pelvic organ dysfunction (QCPPD) of the Ryzhikh National Medical Research Centre for Coloproctology» for use in clinical practice. The survey of respondents was conducted from June 28 to September 28, 2021. As a result of this survey, by repeatedly making edits and clarifications during communication with respondents, the final version was obtained, which allows assessing the patient's subjective sensations by the nature and localization of pelvic pain, sensitivity disorders and pelvic organ function.

Endogenous Regulators of the Immune System (sCD100, Malonic Dialdehyde, and Arginase).

Tissue damage in various diseases, hypoxic conditions, and some pathologies are associated with production of endogenous factors such as the soluble form of the surface receptor CD100, malonic dialdehyde, and arginase and their release into circulation. These factors modulate functional state of lymphocytes in the immune system: potentiate activation of B lymphocytes, activate synthesis and secretion of IL-25 and IL-17 cytokines, and suppress proliferative activity of T lymphocytes, thus modulating immunological reactivity of the organism. Reactions of innate and adaptive immunity develop against the background of changed immunological reactivity, which should be taken into account in the development of pathogenetically substantiated therapy.

[Lymphocyte apoptosis enhancement by the synthetic peptide E in experimental ulcer].

The influence of regulatory peptide type of AFP on the course of experimental ulcer was investigated. It has been shown that activation of apoptosis enhances local necrotic inflammatory reaction, on the one hand, and enables the development of adhesions with on the other.

[Lymphocyte apoptosis enhancement by the synthetic peptide of human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP 14-20) in experimental ulcer].

The influence of regulatory peptide type of AFP on the course of experimental ulcers was investigated. It has been shown that activation of apoptosis by AFP enhance local necrotic inflammatory reaction, on the one hand, and enables the development of adhesions with the other.

[Activation processes in the lymphocytes of patients with latent sensitization].

Latent sensitization is a risk factor of a clinically manifest atopic reaction. Investigation of a phenotypic composition of lymphocytes reveals function of the immune system in this condition. Indirect fluorescence assessed differential and activation lymphocyte antigens (CD4, CD3, CD8, CD16, CD20 and CD25, CD71, HLA-DR, CD95, CD23, CD54, respectively) in 15 patients with latent sensitization, 32 patients with atopic bronchial asthma and 22 healthy donors.

[Activation markers of lymphocytes as indicators of immune system dysregulation in inflammation].

Three groups of activation antigens (receptors) of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (CD23, CD54--functional activation antigens, CD25 and CD71--early activation antigens and HLA-DR and CD95--late activation antigens) were studied in patients with inflammatory diseases of different types. All kinds of inflammation are independent of etiological factors and are associated with immune system activation. Inflammation induced by tissue injury or invasion of nonspecific microorganisms leads to a rapid rise in the count of lymphocytes expressing early markers of activation.

[Immunologic disorders in pathogenesis of chronic generalized parodontitis].

Systemic immunity was studied in patients with chronic generalized parodontitis. This group of patients had distinct changes in immunologic system: depression of T- and stimulation of B-cellular immunity without accumulation of plasma cells and initiation of effective humoral response. Increased peripheral blood number of lymphocytes expressing induction of apoptosis CD95 receptors and ligand for this receptor CD95L (Fas-L) can lead to intensification of lymphocyte apoptosis and may be the reason for T-cell deficit development.

[Mechanisms of immunotropic effect of the drug composition Taban-Arshan (Tibet medicine) on lymphocytes of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis and atopic bronchial asthma].

The extract of the Tibetan medicine Taban-Arshan corrects changes of the immune system in inflammatory diseases--rheumatoid arthritis and atopic bronchial asthma. An immunomodulating effect of the drug consists in its ability to suppress hyperactivation of lymphocytes by normalization of expression of basic activation antigens.

Taban-Arshan: immunocorrector in atopic bronchial asthma.

Taban-Arshan extract decreased expression of T-lymphocyte activation markers, normalized T-cell-mediated immunity, and suppressed increased activity of natural killer receptors during culturing with lymphocytes of patients with atopic bronchial asthma. Taban-Arshan extract normalized activation processes in the B-cell immunity and stimulated expression of receptors of activation-induced apoptosis.

[Mechanisms of disorders of immunoregulatory lymphocyte function in the atopic form of bronchial asthma].

Peripheral lymphocytes from 36 patients were used to study pathogenetic mechanisms of development of atopic bronchial asthma (ABA), which are associated with regulatory dysfunction of T lymphocytes. Models of determining immunoregulatory lymphocytic subpopulations (CD4+ and CD8+) and assessing the function of concanavalin A-induced immunoregulatory lymphocytes indicated that the reception of the immune mediators IL-2 and alpha-interferon was impaired in ABA patients. The paper gives the data on a significant drastic decrease in cAMP concentrations and an increase in cAMP levels in the peripheral lymphocytes in the patients.

[Mechanism of action of saventol in experimental anaphylaxis].

The mechanisms of the antianaphylactic effect of Saventol, a drug synthesized in the USSR, were studied on various experimental models. It was established that both in experiments on isolated organs and when given in injections to animals in vivo, Saventol produced a marked dose-dependent antianaphylactic effect. The results allow the antianaphylactic effect of Saventol to be linked with its antimediator effect realized through beta 2-adrenoceptors.

[Suppressor activity changes in human T-lymphocytes as affected by adreno- and cholinotropic substances].

The influence of oxyfedrine (beta-adrenoagonist) and carbocholine (cholinoagonist) on the functional activity of Con A-induced suppressor T-lymphocytes in healthy persons and in bronchial asthma patients was studied. Oxyfedrine at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml (10(-5) M) was shown to induce a significant increase in the suppressing activity of both normal lymphocytes and those obtained from bronchial asthma patients. The repeated incubation of lymphocytes with carbocholine at a concentration of 5 micrograms/ml (10(-6) M) led to the removal of the suppressing effect of normal lymphocytes and to the increase of the activating effect of lymphocytes from bronchiae asthma patients.

[Suppressant effect of oxyfedrine on development of anaphylaxis in experimental animals].

Oxyfedrine (ildamen) which stimulates beta-adrenoreceptors of smooth muscles in concentrations increasing the tissue content of cAMP produced a dose-dependent inhibition of anaphylactic bronchospasm and contractions of the guinea-pig intestine induced by administration of ovalbumin. The results obtained provide evidence in favour of oxyfedrine use for suppression of immediate type allergic reactions with the involvement of smooth muscles.