[The way of evaluation of cholesterol accepting capacity of plasma high density lipoproteins].

The simple way of quantitative evaluation of high density lipoproteins (HDL) capacity to absorb additive cholesterol quantity is proposed. It allows to evaluate indirectly intensity of the first, rate limiting stage of reverse cholesterol transport its accepting from the cells by means of HDL. The way includes the usage of stable artificial cholesterol donor--cholesterol covered inert polymer particles, which are than more convenient, than cell culture use.

[Hypolipoproteinemia and secondary role of atherosclerosis in the development of ischemic heart disease in patients with polycythemia vera].

Relationship between presence of coronary heart disease (CHD), coronary risk factors (parameters of lipid transport system and hypertension) and disturbances of microcirculation was studied in patients with myeloproliferative blood disease Polycythemia Vera (PV). Probability of tissue (including blood vessel wall) cholesterol accumulation was estimated by measurement of its content in skin surface layers. PV patients (n=55, including 27 patients with CHD) had predominant hypolipoproteinemia with normal proportion of various lipoprotein classes.

[Relation between resistance to oxidation and cholesterol acceptance of high density lipoproteins in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Cholesterol (CH) acceptance ability of high density lipoproteins (HDL) was assessed in 43 ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients, including patients with post-infarction cardiosclerosis and class II-III effort angina. CH acceptance ability of HDL was measured as increment of HDL CH after incubation with artificial CH-containing system. Oxidabilities of HDL and total plasma were estimated by quantitation of lipid peroxidation products (hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances - TBARS) after incubation with Cu(2+) ions.

[Characteristics of the lipid transport system in psoriasis].

Cholesterol of high density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions (HDL2 and HDL3), activity of cholesterol ester transport protein (CETP), and standard lipoprotein parameters (cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol) were measured in plasma of 192 patients with various psoriasis forms, which included simple "distributed psoriasis", erythrodermic and arthropathic psoriasis. Among psoriatic patients unusually high percent of persons with both hypo- and hyper-cholesterolemia was observed. The same situation was observed with frequency of cases with both low and high plasma HDL cholesterol levels, the distribution being depending from disease severity.

[Features of distribution of free and esterified cholesterol in the epidermis, biological membranes and plasma lipoproteins in psoriasis].

The parameters of cholesterol (CS) metabolism in the epidermis, blood plasma lipoproteins, and red cell membranes were assessed in patients with psoriasis. The levels of free and total CS in extracts from the surface of epidermis, in plasma lipoproteins, and in plasma triglycerides were measured, and the molar ratio CS/ phospholipids (CS/PL index) in red cell membranes assessed in 194 patients with psoriasis of different severity. The levels of free and total CS in the epidermis were found to increase as the psoriatic process grew in severity.

[The antiatherogenic action of plant oils with added omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids].

Quick model of experimental atherosclerosis--3 weeks of cholesterol feeding and 3 weeks of standard diet for aorta atheromatosis development--was used in rabbits. Then one group of animals was fed 1 month by plant oil of specific composition, with added omega-3 (linolenic) fatty acid, and the other group received the same dose of fish oil. The most intensive decrease of plasma cholesterol and erythrocyte cholesterol/phospholipid ratio was in rabbits, that received the oil with linolenic acid.

[A trial of the clinical use of the Russian hypocholesterolemic preparation fenbutol--an analog of probucol].

Phenbutol, a Russian analogue of probucol, was studied by the single blind method by using placebo in 30 patients aged 36 to 65 years whose total serum cholesterol levels were more than 250 mg/dl after a month placebo therapy. The patients were divided into two groups: (1) 15 patients on placebo and (2) 15 patients on phenbutol, 500 mg twice a day for 5 months. Blood lipid parameters were monthly determined.

[Antiatherogenic action of corn oil in experimental atherosclerosis].

Therapeutic effect of corn oil was studied in rabbits with alimentary atherosclerosis. Corn oil was administered (2 ml/kg, 30 days) after the completion of cholesterol diet unlike studies, where they were administered simultaneously. Total cholesterol, apoB-lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides decreased more intensively in rabbits fed by corn oil than in control group.

[Specificity of the effect of polyene phosphatidylcholine depending on the mode of administration and animal species].

The effects of polyene phosphatidylcholine (PPC) treatment at oral and intravenous administration to rats and rabbits in hypercholesterolemic diet were studied. No aorta damage was observed in either of rat groups. But fatty liver appeared, and it was the greatest in rats, who received cholesterol and PPC.

[Changes in the levels and composition of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins of blood plasma in patients with ischemic heart disease after hemosorption].

Prior to and following activated charcoal hemosorption, concentrations of lipids, apolipoproteins AI and B and lipid and protein composition in lipoprotein fractions isolated by ultracentrifugation were determined in the plasma from patients with coronary heart disease. The majority of the patients showed a parallel proportional decrease in plasma atherogenic parameters and all components of very low density lipoproteins and low density lipoproteins, triglycerides in particular. Antiatherogenic parameters, such as high density lipoprotein and apo-AI cholesterol, and all the components in high density lipoprotein subfractions were less reduced.

[The effect of hemosorption repeated three times on activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase].

Activity of lecithine-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was studied in blood of 26 patients with atherosclerosis of various localization after course of treatment involving three-fold hemosorption. The initial activity of the enzyme, decreased distinctly as compared with normal state, was dissimilarly altered during hemosorption. The system LCAT-HDLP was stabilized after the third hemosorption.

[Effect of the plasma lipoprotein spectrum on the cholesterol level in erythrocyte membranes].

Correlation between main patterns of the lipoprotein spectrum in blood plasma and the molar ratio cholesterol/phospholipids (Ch/Pl) in erythrocyte membranes was studied in 256 patients. Distribution of Ch/Pl values was shifted to the right side in the plot for erythrocytes of patients with ischemic disease as compared with healthy persons. The values of the Ch/Pl ratio were increased in hypercholesterolemia.

[Relation between blood levels of thyroid hormones and insulin and lipid metabolism and the clinical course of chronic forms of ischemic heart disease].

Ninety patients aged 41 to 68 years with the chronic patterns of coronary heart disease (CHD) were examined for the content of triiodothyronine (T3), total T4 and free thyroxine (FT4), thyrotropic hormone (TTH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and insulin. At the same time the patients were examined with the aid of the glucose tolerance test, determination of blood concentration of cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, fibrinogen and soluble fibrin. The patients with CHD showed a decrease in the basal level of T3, T4, FT4 and elevation of TTH, ACTH and insulin in blood.

[Effect of probucol on lipid metabolism and the clinical course of ischemic heart disease and arteriosclerosis obliterans of the vessels of the lower extremities].

Thirty-eight men with chronic coronary heart disease (CHD) aged 38 to 65 years (ten patients with attendant obliterating atherosclerosis of lower extremity vessels) were treated with the hypolipidemic drug probucol in a dose of 1000 mg/day for three months. Probucol exerted a beneficial effect on the clinical course of CHD and obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower limb vessels. The drug has a marked hypocholesterolemic effect in CHD patients with high cholesterol levels in the blood serum which warrants the advisability of its use in type IIa and IIb hyperlipoproteinemia.

[Characteristics of dyslipoproteinemia in patients with peripheral atherosclerosis].

Reverse correlation between content of cholesterol in lipoproteins of high density (LPHD) and severity of clinical manifestations was observed in patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of legs. Concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides and LPHD cholesterol were normal in the majority of patients but dyslipoproteinemia of various types including hypo-alpha-lipoproteinemia, was noted in some patients. The molar ratio "cholesterol/phospholipids" was increased in erythrocytes of the patients examined, demonstrating the disbalance in cholesterol turnover between the cell membranes and blood lipoproteins.