[Homeostatic model of aging: state and perspectives].

The homeostatic model of aging formalizing the concept of oxidative damage to the body was proposed in 2001. This formalization led to extensive opportunities for using the model to analyze reproduction and longevity of living organisms. Currently, the simulation of life processes in fruit flies gives much attention to the distribution of resources, taking into account the action of genetic noise.

[Health, homeostasis and longevity].

Concepts of health and homeostasis are discussed and their connection to longevity is analyzed. Homeostasis is one of cardinal properties of the organism, which arises in evolution basing on mechanisms maintaining stationarity. Health represents the organisms' ability to sustain homeostasis and return to it after action of external disturbances.

[Caloric restriction increases life span in sterile and non-sterile D. melanogaster females: systems analysis].

Experiments show that moderate caloric restriction in normal (non-sterile) fruit flies results in the increase of life span. It has been found recently that life span increases under caloric restriction also in sterile Drosophila females. This fact was explained by remodeling of metabolism due to insulin signaling.

[Reproductive overload in D. melanogaster females--its connection with longevity].

The conception of individual reproduction is that fruit flies are genetically designed to oviposit at the highest possible rate. This rate is maintained right up to the moment when the organism begins to age, and the senescence is characterized by the reproduction rate falling exponentially. The population can be divided into z, s, m, and l-phenotypes depending on their resource allocation.

[Life expectancy and its modeling].

Modeling of the limited life span in an individual organism is discussed. Two models are presented in this discussion, a model of "natural technology" and a homeostatic model of aging in an organism. The problem of a transition from a model of an individual organism to a model of cohort and a population is studied.

[Testing of optimality hypothesis for longevous flies D. melanogaster under artificial selection].

In agree with evolutionary principles the fitness of the organisms to environmental condition in a course of natural evolution moves to the optimum in the sense of maximization of reproductive success. Nonetheless, the optimality problem practically was never risen as regards to artificial selection. In the paper a Drosophila strain is analyzed which was subjected to artificial selection for longevity.

[Mathematical modeling in gerontology--strategic perspectives].

Mathematical description of aging and mortality is presented. A review of tendencies in modeling is discussed and some difficulties related to adequacy and the ways of information presentation in the models are talked about. A short view is given at the two main modeling techniques in biology, namely the models of data and models of a system.

[Mathematical modeling and simulation of life history and tradeoffs].

General trends in mathematical life history modeling are reviewed. In modern experimental biogerontology life history consists of all traits that affect fecundity and survival. Tradeoffs are of special importance in the theory of life history, studied either as an evolutionary phenomenon or as a feature of individual life history.